• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.232-243
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• 2016

수질오염총량관리제에서 유역 수질관리 전략을 수립하기 위해서는 수질 항목간 영향관계를 파악하는 것과 함께 유역내의 환경기초시설 방류와 상류 및 지류 하천 부하가 유역 하류에 위치한 목표수질 설정지점의 수질에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지류 및 본류 구간내의 환경부 수질측정자료와 환경기초시설 방류수 측정 자료를 이용하여 오염물질 간의 영향을 파악하고, 단위유역 말단의 수질에 미치는 오염원추적을 실시하였다. 대상유역은 도시지역과 비도시지역 특성을 모두 가지며, 수질오염총량제에서 금호A, 금호B, 금호C 유역으로 구성된 금호강유역으로 설정하였다. FDC(Flow duration curve) 분석을 통해 유량을 5개의 유황 등급별로 군집화 및 상관성분석이 수행되었고, 이를 통해 목표수질 설정지점의 수질을 악화시키는 원인이 되는 지점과 수질항목을 보다 명확하게 규명할 수 있었다. FDC 분석과의 연계를 통해 오염물질 추적의 도구로 사용될 수 있으며, 이를 통해 수질오염총량관리 목표수질 설정 지점에 대한 유역 수질관리 전략을 보다 효율적으로 수립할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.32-46
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• 2021

South Korea has been divided into quantities and water quality, and due to a revision of the Government Organization law in June 2018, the controversial water management system was integrated into the Ministry of Environment. The total Maximum Daily Loads System has been called the flower of water quality control, and since 2004, all three major river systems which have been introduced into the Han River system, despite its various difficult environments, and subsequently leading to all of the four major rivers undergoing obligatory implementation since 2013. Currently, the target TMDL (Han River Phase 1 and Other Water Systems Phase 3) for the 2020 stage has been implemented. The domestic TMDL established a basic plan for calculating the load which complies with the unit watershed's target water quality, as well as an implementation plan for annual load management, both which have been institutionalized in order to evaluate load compliance on a repeated annual basis. Local governments ask external organizations to conduct investigations every year in order to assess the transition, which thereby requires tens of millions of won every year. Therefore, an assessment and management model that can be easily operated at the TMDL personnel level is required. In this study, when the Han river Water System TMDL was implemented in earnest, we confirmed the the water quality improvement effect when TMDL was introduced to major inflow tributaries (TancheonA, JungnangA, AnyangA) under the Seoul City's jurisdiction through the use of the total amount control unit basin evaluation technique. By presenting customized management measures, we propose the guidelines that are necessary for determining more effective water environmental policies.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2010

It is very important to know mean and confidence interval of water-quality constituents such as BOD for water-quality control and management of rivers and reservoirs effectively. The mean and confidence interval of BOD at Anseong2 and Hwangguji3 sampling stations which are located at the border of local governments in Anseong Stream were estimated and analyzed in this paper using Bootstrap technique which is one of non-parametric statistics. The results of Bootstrap were compared with arithmetic mean, geometric mean, Biweight method mean as a point estimator and distribution mean came from the appropriate probability distribution of Log-normal. In Bootstrap technique 12 data set was randomly selected in each year and 1000 samples was produced to get parameter of population. Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) of Microsoft Excel was utilized in Bootstrap. It was revealed that the Bootstrap technique can be used to explain more rigorously and robustly the achievement or violation of BOD target concentration in Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL).

• 환경영향평가
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.414-429
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• 2020

하천의 관리를 위하여 수질오염총량 및 물환경기본계획을 수립하여 목표수질을 설정하고 있으며 금호강의 경우 T-P는 목표수질을 달성하고 있으나 BOD, COD, TOC의 경우 지난 5년간 물환경기본계획 목표수질을 초과하였다. 이에 금호강을 대상으로 BOD, COD, TOC를 이용하여 유달부하량 및 유달부하밀도, 오염기여율을 분석하고 수질오염총량관리에서 사용하고 있는 1차원 수질모델인 QUAL-MEV를 활용하여 목표수질 만족을 위한 필요유량을 모의하였다. 유달부하량을 분석한 결과 금호C 지점에서 BOD, COD, TOC 모두 9,832.2 kg/day, 20,656.6 kg/day, 15,545.1 kg/day로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 유달부하밀도는 강우기 및 비강우기에 달서천에서 9.47 kg/day/㎢, 37.55 kg/day/㎢, 30.20 kg/day/㎢과 17.19 kg/day/㎢, 47.59 kg/day/㎢, 39.14 kg/day/㎢로 가장 높게 나타났다. 오염기여율은 강우기에 팔거천이 약 25%, 비강우기에 달서천이 모든 항목에서 약 50%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 금호강본류 및 지류 유기물질간의 상관관계 분석을 수행한 결과 비강우기, 강우기 모두 COD-TOC가 0.8 이상으로 BOD-COD, BOD-TOC보다 상관관계가 높게 나타났다. 그리고 금호C 지점에서 수질오염총량 및 물환경기본계획 목표수질을 만족하기 위한 유량을 조사한 결과 2019년 4월(3.46 ㎥/sec)을 기준으로 약 14배, 22배의 추가유량이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.707-717
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• 2011

Replacement of old water distribution pipes for protecting water quality induced by pipe corrosion requires enormous budget. Even after the replacement, however, corrosion can occur again at any times and, therefore, inhibitive measure of the corrosion will be not only economical but needed to diminish the consumers' distrust on tap water quality. In 2008, National Environmental Research Institute did a survey on 8 major drinking water source and proposed to establish the Langelier Saturation Index(LI) as a corrosion index in Drinking Water Quality Criteria. Among the water industries of Korea, K-Water is the only one that set up the level of pH over 7.0 and LI above -1.5 on yearly average basis. However, no systematic regulation including LI to inhibit the corrosive tendency has been established yet. In this paper, LI values out of 31 drinking water treatment plants were analyzed and two-stage control of LI value as a measure of corrosive tendency of water is proposed. Primarily, water treatment facilities may operate the system at a target LI value below -1.5. Following the investigation on the effect caused by adjusting the LI value on water quality and corrosiveness, it will be desirable to improve LI value below -1.0 in the long run. In addition to the LI, supplemental use of Larson's modified ratio (LMR) which incorporates hydraulic detention time will be necessary. Several methods to prove the inhibitive effect of improving the LI value on water quality have been also suggested.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.174-191
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 대청호 상류에 있는 서화천 유역에서 부하지속곡선을 통한 소유역별 비점오염원 취약지역 및 관리 오염물질과 관리 시기를 분석하였다. 먼저 부하지속곡선을 만들기 위하여 장기 유출 모형인 SWAT를 구축하여 유량지속곡선(Flow Duration Curve)을 작성하였으며 그 결과에 목표 수질을 곱하여 부하지속곡선(Load Duration Curve)을 작성하였다. 목표 수질은 서화천 비점오염원 관리를 위해 지난 2017년 11월부터 측정한 모니터링 자료를 사용하였으며 측정자료의 60분위에 해당하는 값을 목표 수질로 설정하였다. 이때 산정된 값이 하천 생활환경 기준의 "약간좋음"(II)을 초과할 경우 목표 수질을 "약간 좋음"(II)으로 제한하였다. 비점오염원 취약지역은 목표 수질을 초과하는 초과율을 이용하여 선정하였으며 초과 되는 오염물질을 관리 물질로 판단하고 계절별 평가를 통해 관리시기를 선정하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.905-913
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• 2013

We compared the applicability and economical efficiency of peroxone process with those of ozone process in the existing water treatment plant on downstream of Nakdong River. After comparing the peroxone process for removing geosmin with the ozone process in lab scale test, peroxone process showed much higher removal efficiency than the ozone process at the same ozone dosage. Proper range of $H_2O_2/O_3$ ratio were 0.5~1.0 and the half-life of geosmin was about 5.5~6.8 min when the $H_2O_2/O_3$ ratio was set to 0.5 during 1~2 mg/L of ozone dosage. Peroxone process could reduce the ozone dosage about 50 to maximum 30% for the same geosmin removal efficiency compared to the ozone process in the pilot scale test. In case of 1,4-dioxane treatment, peroxone process could have 3~4 times higher efficiency than ozone process at the same ozone dosage. The results of estimating the economical efficiency of ozone and peroxone process for treating geosmin and 1,4-dioxane by using pilot scale test, in case of the removal target was set to 85% for these two materials, the cost of peroxane process could be reduced about 1.5 times compared to ozone process, and in the same production cost peroxone process could have 2~3 times higher removal efficiency than ozone process. The removal efficiency by peroxone process showed a large difference depending on the physicochemical characteristics of target materials and raw water, therefore detailed examination should be carried out before appling peroxone process.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.589-598
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• 2011

Milyanggang mid-watershed is located in downstream of Nakdong river basin. The pollutants from that watershed have an direct effect on Nakdong river water quality and it's control is important to manage a water quality of Nakdong river. A target year of Milyanggang mid-watershed water environment management plan is 2013. To predict a water quality at downstream of Milyang river, we have investigated and forecasted the pollutant source and it's loading. There are some plan to construction the sewage treatment plants to improve the water quality of Milyang river. Those are considered on predicting water quality. As results, it is shown that the population of Milyanggang mid-watershed is 131,857 and sewerage supply rate is 62.2% and the livestock is 1,775.300 in 2006. It is estimated that the population is 123,921, the sewerage supply rate is 75.5% in 2013. The generated loading of BOD and TP is 40,735 kg/day and 2,872 kg/day in 2006 and discharged loading is 11,818 kg/day and 722 kg/day in 2006 respectively. Discharged loadings were forecasted upward 1.0% of BOD and downward 2.7% of TP by 2013. The results of water quality prediction of Milyanggang 3 site were 1.6 mg/L of BOD and 0.120 mg/L of TP in 2013. It is over the target water quality at that site in 2015 about 6.7% and 20.0% respectively. Consequently, there need another counterplan to reduce the pollutants in that mid-watershed by 2015.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to identify the priority area where the nonpoint source pollution (NPS) management is required and to set up the load reduction goals for the identified priority area. In this study, the load duration curve (LDC) was first developed using the flow and water quality data observed at 286 monitoring stations. Based on the developed LDC, the priority area for the NPS pollution management was determined using a three-step method. The 24 watersheds were finally identified as the priority areas for the NPS pollution management. The water quality parameters of concern in the priority areas were the total phosphorus or chemical oxygen demand. The load reduction goals, which were calculated as the percent reduction from current loading levels needed to meet target water quality, ranged from 67.9% to 97.2% during high flows and from 40.3% to 69.5% during moist conditions, respectively. The results from this study will help to identify critical watersheds for NPS program planning purposes. In addition, the process used in this study can be effectively applied to identify the pollutant of concern as well as the load reduction target.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2011

This paper aims to assessing impact of reduction of non-point source pollution in the Bokha Stream watershed. The BASINS/HSPF model was calibrated and verified for water flow and water qualities using Total Maximum Daily Load 8days data from 2006 to 2007. Accuracy of the BASINS/HSPF models in simulating hydrology and water quality was compared and there were somewhat differences of statistical results, but water flow and water quality were simulated in good conditions over the study period. The applicability of models was tested to evaluate non-point source control scenarios to response hydrology and water quality in the Bokha stream using various measures which include BMPs approach and change of landuse. The evaluation of reduction of non-point source pollution was developed using load-duration curve. Despite strong reduction of non-point source, there are not satiated target quality at low flow season.