• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22 nucleotides of small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression at the posttranscriptional level through translational inhibition and destabilization of their target mRNAs. The miRNAs are phylogenetically conserved and have been shown to be instrumental in a wide variety of key biological processes including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metabolism, imprinting, and differentiation. Recently, a paper has shown that expression of the miRNA-302/367 cluster expressed abundantly in mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can directly reprogram mouse and human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) efficiently in the absence of any of the four factors, Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4. To apply this efficient method to porcine, we analyzed porcine genomic sequence containing predicted porcine miRNA-302/367 cluster through ENSEMBL database, generated a non-replicative episomal vector system including miRNA-302/367 cluster originated from porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEF), and tried to make porcine iPSCs by transfection of the miRNA-302/367 cluster. Colonies expressing EGFP and forming compact shape were found, but they were not established as iPSC lines. Our data in this study show that pig miRNA-302/367 cluster could not satisfy requirement of PEF reprogramming conditions for pluripotency. To make pig iPSC lines by miRNA, further studies on the role of miRNAs in pluripotency and new trials of transfection with conventional reprogramming factors are needed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.455-464
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• 2009

Based on the observation that Korean speakers of English have difficulties in producing English fricatives, a perception experiment was designed to investigate whether Korean speakers also have difficulties perceiving English labial consonants including fricatives. Forty Korean college students were asked to perform a multiple-choice identification test. The consonant perception test consisted of nonce words which contained English labial consonants [p, b, f, v] in 4 different prosodic locations: initial onset position, intervocalic position before stress, intervocalic position after stress, and final coda position. The general perception pattern was that the mean accuracy rates were higher in strong position like CV and VCVV than in weak position like VC and VVCV. The difficulties in perceiving the English targets resulted mainly from bidirectional manner confusion between stop and fricative across all prosodic locations. The other types of misidentification were due to place confusion as well as voicing confusion. Place confusion was generated mostly by the target [f] in all prosodic position due to acoustic properties. Voicing confusion was heavily influenced by prosodic position. The misperception of the participants was accounted for by phonetic properties and/or the participants' native language properties.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2010

Recently, automated signature generation systems(ASGSs) have been developed in order to cope with zero-day attacks with malicious codes exploiting vulnerabilities which are not yet publically noticed. To enhance the usefulness of the signatures generated by (ASGSs) it is essential to identify signatures only with the high accuracy of intrusion detection among a number of generated signatures and to provide them to target security systems in a timely manner. This automated signature exchange, distribution, and update operations have to be performed in a secure and universal manner beyond the border of network administrations, and also should be able to eliminate the noise in a signature set which causes performance degradation of the security systems. In this paper, we present a system architecture to support the identification of high quality signatures and to share them among security systems through a scheme which can evaluate the detection accuracy of individual signatures, and also propose a set of algorithms dealing with exchanging, distributing and updating signatures. Though the experiment on a test-bed, we have confirmed that the high quality signatures are automatically saved at the level that the noise rate of a signature set is reduced. The system architecture and the algorithm proposed in the paper can be adopted to a automated signature sharing framework.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1079-1082
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• 2007

Chromosome microdissection and the reverse FISH technique is one of the most useful methods for the identification of structurally abnormal chromosomes. In particular, the laser microbeam microdissection (LMM) method allows rapid isolation of a target chromosome or a specific region of chromosomes without damage of genetic materials and contamination. Isolated chromosomes were directly amplified by the degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR), and then the FISH probes labeled with spectrum green- or spectrum red-dUTP were generated by nick-translation. Whole chromosome painting (WCP) probes were successfully generated from only 5 copies of the chromosome. With this method, we produced 24 WCP probes for each human chromosome. We also tried to characterize a marker chromosome, which seemed to be originated from chromosome 11 on conventional banding technique. The marker chromosomes were isolated by the LMM method and analyzed by reverse FISH. We elucidated that the marker chromosome was originated from the short arm of chromosome 5 ($5p11{\to}pter$). A fully automated and computer-controlled LMM method is a very simple laboratory procedure, and enables rapid and precise characterization of various chromosome abnormalities.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.145-169
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find the cause and solution of the situation where library LOD does not spread after the introduction of library LOD. Research methods include literature research, case studies, and expert interviews. The improvement plan presented in this study is that first, the library needs to avoid the redundancy of the LOD construction target and build the only and specialized data. Second, libraries need to develop LOD services that reflect user needs and implement convenient LOD interfaces. Third, libraries need to establish identification system of data and build a authority file. Fourth, libraries need to recognize the necessity of data opening and linking to librarians and users, and provide opportunities for education and publicity. Fifth, it is necessary to use LOD for integrated search and to establish an integrated platform for search of library LOD. Sixth, libraries need to strengthen cooperation for LOD issuance and utilization, and form a working-level consultative body. Seventh, the government should pursue strong policies with a continuous commitment to LOD promotion and need to continue to provide budget support.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5003-5011
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• 2013

This paper measured whether neural and behavior responses to attention-emotion task were reflected to emotion regulation capacities. For this purpose, Nineteen healthy right-handed graduates participated in the emotion-attention task three times for three days. Before and after the negative and positive video clips were shown, the participants performed emotion-attention task. EEG and response time were recorded during emotion-attention task. There was positive correlation between ERP P100 and P300 component. The larger the P100 amplitudes at the specific positions, the longer the P300 latencies at these same positions during attention-emotion task. The longer the P300 latencies at the specific positions, the longer the delay in response time. Also, there is and individual differences in ERP components and response time during attention-emotion integration task. Individuals who had lower amplitude and shorter latency of ERP showed faster response time during attention-emotion task, regardless of the type of video clips. This characteristic was interpreted to the lower emotional controls due to premature response for target identification.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.55-58
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• 2009

Generally, the direct sequencing through PCR is faster, easier, cheaper, and more practical than clone sequencing. Frequently, standard PCR amplification is usually interpreted by mispriming internal or external regions of the target template. Normally, DNA fragments were eluted from the gel using Gel extraction kit and subjected to direct sequencing or cloning sequencing. Cloning sequencing has often troublesome and needs more time to analyze for many samples. Since touchdown (TD) PCR can generate sufficient and highly specific amplification, it reduces unwanted amplicon generation. Accordingly, TD PCR is a good method for direct sequencing due to amplifying wanted fragment. In plants the 5S-rRNA gene is separated by simple spacers. The 5S-rRNA gene sequence is very well-conserved between plant species while the spacer is species-specific. Therefore, the sequence has been used for phylogenetic studies and species identification. But frequent occurrences of spurious bands caused by complex genomes are encountered in the product spectrum of standard PCR amplification. In conclusion, the TD PCR method can be applied easily to amplify main 5S-rRNA and direct sequencing of panax ginseng cultivars.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.179-190
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• 2017

A terrestrial LiDAR survey was conducted and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) images were taken for target cultural properties to present the utilization measures of terrestrial LiDAR and UAV in three-dimensional modeling of cultural properties for the identification of the status and restoration of cultural properties. Then the accuracy of the point clouds generated through this process was compared, an overlap analysis of the 3D model was conducted, and a convergence model was created. According to the results, the modeling with terrestrial LiDAR is more appropriate for precise survey because 3D modeling for the detection of displacement and deformation of cultural properties requires an accuracy of mm units. And UAV model has limitation as the impossibility of detailed expression of parts with sharp unevenness such as cracks of bricks. However, it is found that the UAV model has a wide range of modeling and has the advantage of modeling of real cultural properties. Finally, the convergence model created in this study using the advantages of the terrestrial LiDAR model and the UAV model could be efficiently utilized for the basic data development of cultural properties.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2719-2724
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of annexin a1 (ANXA1) and provide molecular evidence to support that decreased ANXA1 expression could enhance cancer migration and invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray with 162 surgically resected PDAC specimens was performed to examine the expression of ANXA1. We also investigated the relationship between ANXA1 expression and clinicopathological factors and prognosis of PDAC patients. We further studied the role of ANXA1 in PDAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by cell proliferation assay, migration assay and matrigel invasion assay with reduced ANXA1 expression by RNAi. Western blotting was used to detect matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) expression. We also detected MMP-9 enzyme activity by gelatin zymography. Results: Decreased expression of ANXA1 was significantly associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage of PDAC patients (p<0.05). Moreover, decreased expression of ANXA1 was correlated with poor survival (p<0.05). Furthermore, we found that ANXA1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest, increased PDAC cell migration and invasion capacity compared with controls. In addition, Western blotting showed that ANXA1 knockdown increased the MMP-9 protein level and decreased TIMP-1 expression. Gelatin zymography showed that MMP-9 enzyme activity was also elevated. Conclusions: Negative ANXA1 expression is a most unfavorable prognostic factor for PDAC patients. ANXA1 knockdown inhibits cell proliferation by inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest and increases migration and invasion of PDAC cells through up-regulating MMP-9 expression and activity, implying that ANXA1 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify lily species native to Korea from formosan lily (Lilium formosanum) belonging to Longiflorum section. Due to flowering time, flower color and orientation, long shelf life and resistant to diseases, the native lily species can be valuable genetic resources for interspecific hybrids. One of the chloroplast genes, matK, was used to clone and sequence to explore any base changes. The matK was successfully amplified into 1,539 bp (94% of the gene) and phylogenetic tree demonstrated 6 clades for those 11 lily species used in this study. There were one or two base substitutions among 10 lilies native to Korea, while formosan lily native to Taiwan exhibited 6 base substitutions in matK gene, rendering it genetically distant. A restriction enzyme NruI recognized one of the six base changes, and digested the matK gene of 10 native lily species only, but not in formosan lily. The confirmed cleavage characteristic of the target region in matK gene was designed into a CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences) marker which will be available to estimate compatibility of interspecific hybridization and to trace the pedigree when those native lilies are crossed with the formosan lily.