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실내외 환경 맞춤 스마트 윈도우의 구현 (Implementation of Smart Windows Customized for Indoor and Outdoor Environments)

  • 김태선;박병준;박준홍;정원희;신효빈;엄인섭;이도건
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2022년도 제66차 하계학술대회논문집 30권2호
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    • pp.435-436
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    • 2022
  • 창문은 건물의 필수 구조물이지만 창문을 통해서 미세먼지, 빗물 등이 들어올 수 있어 창문을 열고 나가지 못하고 불안해하는 경우가 많다. 최근 들어 미세먼지가 급증하면서 사람들의 불안감이 더욱 증가하고 있으며, 보안에 취약한 창문들이 범죄에 취약하기 때문에 불안해 할 수 있다. 또한, 실내에서도 가스누출 등으로 인해 인명피해까지 이어지는 심각한 상황을 초래할 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 사람들의 불안감을 없애기 위하여 아두이노를 이용하여 실외의 미세먼지와 빗물, 인체감지등을 통해 원격으로 창문을 제어하고 실내의 온도와 습도량, 가스량의 표시를 어플리케이션을 통해 확인할 수 있으며 원격으로 제어 또한 가능하도록 '실내외 환경맞춤 스마트 윈도우'를 개발하게 되었다.

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비증(痺證)에 대(對)한 최근(最近)의 제가학설(諸家學說) 연구(硏究) - 《비증전집(痺證專輯)》 에 대(對)한 연구(硏究) III - (The recent essay of Bijeung - Study of III-)

  • 양태훈;오민석
    • 혜화의학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.513-545
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    • 2000
  • I. Introduction Bi(痺) means blocking. It can reach at the joints or muscles or whole body and make pains. Numbness and movement disorders. BiJeung can be devided into SilBi and HeoBi. In SilBi there are PungHanSeupBi, YeolBi and WanBi. In HeoBi, there are GiHyeolHeoBi, EumHeoBi and YangHeoBi. The common principle for the treatment of BiJeung is devision of the chronic stage and the acute stage. In the acute stage, BiJeung is usually cured easily but in the chronic stage, it is difficult. In the terminal stage, BiJeung can reach at the internal organs. BiJeung is one kind of symptoms making muscles, bones and jonts feel pain, numbness or edema. For example it can be gout or SLE etc. Many famous doctors studied medical science by their fathers or teachers. So the history of medical science is long. So I studied ${\ll}Bijeungjujip{\gg}$. II. Final Decision 1. BanSuMun(斑秀文) thought that BiJeung can be cured by blocking of blood stream. So he insisted that the important thing to cure BiJeung is to improve the blood stream. He usually used DangGuiSaYeokTang(當歸四逆湯), DangGuiJakYakSanHapORyeongSan, DoHong-SaMulTang(桃紅四物湯), SaMyoSanHapHeuiDongTang and HwangGiGyeJiOMulTang. 2. JangGeonBu(張健夫) focused on soothing muscles and improving blood seam. So he used many herbs like WiRyeongSeon(威靈仙), GangHwal(羌活), DokHwal(獨活), WooSeul(牛膝), etc. Especially he pasted wastes of the boiled herbs. 3. OSeongNong(吳聖農) introduced four rules to treat arthritis. So he usually used SeoGak-SanGaGam(犀角散加減), BoYanHwanOTang(補陽還五湯), ODuTang(烏頭湯), HwangGiGyeJiOMulTang. 4. GongJiSin thought disk hernia as one kind of BiJeung. And he said that Pung can hurt upper limbs and Seup can hurt lower limbs. He used to use GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang(桂枝芍藥知母湯). 5. LoJiJeong(路志正) introduced four principles to treat BiJeung. He used BangPungTang(防風湯), DaeJinGuTang) for PungBi(風痺), OPaeTang(烏貝湯) for HanBi(寒痺), YukGunJaTang(六君子湯) for SeupBi(濕痺) and SaMyoTang(四妙湯), SeonBiTang(宣痺湯), BaekHoGaGyeTang(白虎加桂湯) for YeolBi(熱痺). 6. GangChunHwa(姜春華) discussed herbs. He said SaengJiHwang(生地黃) is effective for PungSeupBi and WiRyungSun(威靈仙) is effective for the joints pain. He usually used SipJeonDaeBoTang(十全大補湯), DangGuiDaeBoTang(當歸大補湯), YoukGunJaTang(六君子湯) and YukMiJiHwanTang(六味地黃湯). 7. DongGeonHwa(董建華) said that the most important thing to treat BiJeung is how to use herbs. He usually used CheonO(川烏), MaHwang(麻黃) for HanBi, SeoGak(犀角) for YeolBi, BiHae) or JamSa(蠶沙) for SeupBi, SukJiHwang(熟地黃) or Vertebrae of Pigs for improving the function of kidney and liver, deer horn or DuChung(杜沖) for improving strength of body and HwangGi(黃?) or OGaPi(五加皮) for improving the function of heart. 8. YiSuSan(李壽山) devided BiJeung into two types(PungHanSeupBi, PungYeolSeupBi). And he used GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang(桂枝芍藥知母湯) for the treatment of gout. And he liked to use HwanGiGyeJiOMulTangHapSinGiHwan 枝五物湯合腎氣丸) for the treat ment of WanBi(頑痺). 9. AnDukHyeong(顔德馨) made YongMaJeongTongDan(龍馬定痛丹)-(MaJeonJa(馬錢子) 30g, JiJaChung 3g, JiRyong(地龍) 3g, JeonGal(全蝎) 3g, JuSa(朱砂) 0.3g) 10. JangBaekYou(張伯臾) devided BiJeung into YeolBi and HanBi. And he focused on improving blood stream. 11. JinMuO(陳茂梧) introduced anti-wind and dampness prescription(HoJangGeun(虎杖根) 15g, CheonChoGeun 15g, SangGiSaeng(桑寄生) 15g, JamSa(蠶絲) 15g, JeMaJeonJa(制馬錢子) 3g). 12. YiChongBo(李總甫) explained basic prescriptions to treat BiJeung. He used SinJeongChuBiEum(新定推痺陰) for HaengBi(行痺), SinJeongHwaBiSan(新定化痺散) for TongBi(痛痺), SinJeongGaeBiTang(新定開痺湯) for ChakBi(着痺), SinJeongCheongBiEum(新定淸痺飮) for SeupYeolBi(濕熱痺), SinRyeokTang(腎瀝湯) for PoBi(胞痺), ORyeongSan for BuBi(腑痺), OBiTang(五痺湯) for JangBi(臟痺), SinChakTang(腎着湯) for SingChakByeong(腎着病). 13. HwangJeonGeuk(黃傳克) used SaMu1SaDeungHapJe(四物四藤合制) for the treatment of a acute arthritis, PalJinHpPalDeungTang(八珍合八藤湯) or BuGyeJiHwangTangHapTaDeungTang(附桂地黃湯合四藤湯) for the chronic stage and ByeolGapJeungAekTongRakEum(鱉甲增液通絡飮) for EumHeo(陰虛) 14. GaYeo(柯與參) used HwalRakJiTongTang(活絡止痛湯) for shoulder ache, SoJongJinTongHwalRakTank(消腫鎭痛活絡湯) for YeolBi(熱痺), LiGwanJeolTang(利關節湯) for ChakBi(着痺), SinBiTang(腎痺湯) for SinBi(腎痺) and SamGyoBoSinHwan(三膠補腎丸) for back ache. 15. JangGilJin(蔣길塵) liked to use hot-character herbs and insects. And he used SeoGeunLipAnTang(舒筋立安湯) as basic prescription. 16. RyuJangGeol(留章杰) used GuMiGangHwalTang(九味羌活湯) and BangPungTang(防風湯) at the acute stage, ODuTang(烏頭湯) or GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang(桂枝芍藥知母湯) for HanBi of internal organs, YangHwaHaeEungTang(陽和解凝湯) for HanBi, DokHwalGiSaengTang(獨活寄生湯), EuiYiInTang(薏苡仁湯) for SeupBi, YukGunJaTang(六君子湯) for GiHeoBi(氣虛痺) and SeongYouTang(聖兪湯) for HyeolHeoBi(血虛痺). 17. YangYuHak(楊有鶴) liked to use SoGyeongHwalHyelTang(疏經活血湯) and he would rather use DoIn(桃仁), HongHwa(紅花), DangGui(當歸), CheonGung(川芎) than insects. 18. SaHongDo(史鴻濤) made RyuPungSeupTang(類風濕湯)-((HwangGi 200g, JinGu 20g, BangGi(防己) 15g, HongHwa(紅花) 15g, DoIn(桃仁) 15g, CheongPungDeung(靑風藤) 20g, JiRyong(地龍) 15g, GyeJi(桂枝) 15g, WoSeul(牛膝) 15g, CheonSanGap(穿山甲) 15g, BaekJi(白芷) 15g, BaekSeonPi(白鮮皮) 15g, GamCho(甘草) 15g).

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금원사대가의학(金元四大家醫學)이 조선조의학(朝鮮朝醫學) 형성(形成)에 미친 영향(影響) (The influence of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era on the completion of the medicine in the Chosun dynasty)

  • 정면;홍원식
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제9권
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    • pp.432-552
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    • 1996
  • The influence of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era(金元代) on the completion of the medicine in the Chosun dynasty(朝鮮朝) can be summarized as follows. 1. The four noted physicians of Geum-Won era were Yoo-Wan-So(劉完素), Jang-Jong-Jung(張從正), Lee-Go(李杲), Ju-Jin-Heung(朱震亨). 2. Yoo-Wan-So(劉完索) made his theory on the basic of Nae-Kyung("內經") and Sane-Han-Lon("傷寒論"), his idea of medicine was characterized in his books, for exemple, application of O-Oon-Yuk-Ki(五運六氣), Ju-Wha theory(主火論) and hang-hae-seng-je theory(亢害承制論). from his theory and method of study, many deviations of oriental medicine occurred. He made an effort for study of Nae-Kyung, which had been depressed for many years, on the contrary of the way old study that Nae-Kyung had been only explained or revised, he applied the theory of Nae-Kyung to clinical care. The theory of Yuk-Gi-Byung-Gi(六氣病機) and On-Yeul-Byung(溫熱病) had much influenced on his students and posterities, not to mention Jang-Ja-Wha and Ju-Jin-Heung, who were among the four noted physicians therefore he became the father of Yuk-Gi(六氣) and On-Yeul(溫熱) schools. 3. Jang-Jong-Jung(張從正) emulated Yoo-Wan-So as a model, and followed his Yuk-Gi-Chi-Byung(六氣致病) theory, but he insisted on the use of the chiaphoretic, the emetic and the paregoric to get rid of the causes, specially he insisted on the use of the paregoric, so they called him Gong-Ha-Pa(攻下派). He insisted on the theory that if we would strenthen ourselves we should use food, id get rid of cause, should use the paregoric, emetic and diaphoretic. Jang-Jong-Jung'S Gang-Sim-Wha(降心火) theory, which he improved Yoo-Wan-So's Han-Ryang(寒凉) theory influenced to originate Ju-Jin-Heung'S Ja-Eum-Gang-Wha(滋陰降火) theory. 4. Lee-Go(李杲) insisted on the theory that Bi-Wi(脾胃) played a loading role in the physiological function and pathological change, and that the internal disease was originated by the need of Gi(氣) came from the disorder of digestive organs, and that the causes of internal disease were the irregular meal, the overwork, and mental shock. Lee-Go made an effort for study about the struggle of Jung-Sa(正邪) and in the theory of the prescription he asserted the method of Seung-Yang-Bo-Gi(升陽補氣), but he also used the method of Go-Han-Gang-Wha(苦寒降火). 5. The authors of Eui-Hak-Jung-Jun("醫學正傳"), Eui-Hak-Ib-Moon("醫學入門"), and Man-Byung-Whoi-Choon("萬病回春") analyzed the medical theory of the four noted physicians and added their own experiences. They helped organizing existing complicated theories of the four noted physicians imported in our country, and affected the formation of medical science in the Choson dynasty largely. Eui-Hak-Jung-Jun("醫學正傳") was written by Woo-Dan(虞槫), in this book, he quoted the theories of Yoo-Wan-So, Jang-Jong-Jung, Lee-Go, Ju-Jin-Heung, especially, Ju-Jin-Heung was respected by him, it affected the writing of Eui-Lim-Choal-Yo("醫林撮要"). Eui-Hak-ib-Moon("醫學入門"), written by Lee-Chun(李杲), followed the medical science of Lee-Go and ju-jin-heung from the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era. Its characteristics of Taoism, idea of caring of health, and organization affected Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑"). Gong-Jung-Hyun(龔延賢) wrote Man-Byung-Whoi-Choon("萬病回春") using the best part of the theories of Yoo-Wan-So, Jang-Jong-Jung, Lee-Go, Ju-Jin-Heung, this book affected Dong-Eui-Soo-Se-Bo-Won("東醫壽世保元") partly. 6. our medical science was developed from the experience of the treatment of disease obtained from human life, these medical knowledge was arranged and organized in Hyang-Yak-Jib-Sung-Bang("鄕藥集成方"), medical books imported from China was organized in Eui-Bang-Yoo-Chwi("醫方類聚"), which formed the base of medical development in the Chosun dynasty. 7. Eui-Lim-Choal-Yo("醫林撮要") was written by Jung-Kyung-Sun(鄭敬先) and revised by Yang-Yui-Soo(楊禮壽). It was written on the base of Woo-Dan's Eui-Jung-Jun, which compiled the medical science of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era. It contained confusing theories of the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era and organized medical books of Myung era, therefore it completed the basic form of Byun-Geung-Non-Chi (辨證論治) influenced the writing of Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑"). 8. Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham("東醫寶鑑") was written on the base of basic theory of Eum-Yang-O-Haeng(陰陽五行) and the theory of respondence of heaven and man(天人相應說) in Nae-Kyung. It contained several theories and knowledge, such as the theory of Essence(精), vitalforce(氣), and spirit(神) of Taoism, medical science of geum-won era, our original medical knowledge and experience. It had established the basic organization of our medical science and completed the Byun-Geung-Non-Chi (辨證論治). Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham developed medical science from simple medical treatment to protective medical science by caring of health. And it also discussed human cultivation and Huh-Joon's(許浚) own view of human life through the book. Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham adopted most part of Lee-Go(李杲) and Ju-Jin-Heung's(朱震亨) theory and new theory of "The kidney is the basis of apriority. The spleen is the basis of posterior", so it emphasized the role of spleen and kidney(脾腎) for Jang-Boo-Byung-Gi(臟腑病機). It contained Ju-Jin-Heung's theory of the cause and treatment of disease by colour or fatness of man(black or white, fat or thin). It also contained Ju-Jin-Heung's theory of "phlegm break out fever, fever break out palsy"(痰生熱 熱生風) and the theory of Sang-Wha(相火論). Dong-Eui-Bo-Kham contained Lee-Go's theory of Wha-Yu-Won-Bool-Yang-Lib (火與元氣不兩立論) quoted the theory of Bi-Wi(脾胃論) and the theory of Nae-Oi-Sang-Byun(內外傷辨). For the use of medicine, it followed the theory by Lee-Go. lt used Yoo-Wan-So'S theory of Oh-Gi-Kwa-Keug-Gae-Wi-Yul-Byung(五志過極皆爲熱病) for the treatment of hurt-spirit(傷神) because fever was considered as the cause of disease. It also used Jang-Jons-Jung's theory of Saeng-Keug-Je-Seung(生克制勝) for the treatment of mental disease. 9. Lee-je-ma's Dong-Eui-Soo-Se-Bo-Won("東醫壽世保元") adopted medical theories of Song-Won-Myung era and analyzed these theories using the physical constitutional theory of Sa-Sang-In(四象人). It added Dong-Mu's main idea to complete the theory and clinics of Sa-Sang-Eui-Hak(四象醫學). Lee-Je-Ma didn't quote the four noted physicians of Geum-Won era to discuss that the physical constitutional theory of disease and medicine from Tae-Eum-In(太陰人), So-Yang-In(少陽人), So-Eum-In(少陰人), and Tae-Yang-In(太陽人) was invented from their theories.

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국내 DTV 방송망에서의 디지털 동일채널중계기의 적용 (Application of Digital On-Channel Repeater in a DTV Transmission Network in Korea)

  • 서영우;김영민;목하균;권태훈;이상길;박성익;이용태;음호민;서재현;김흥묵;김승원
    • 방송공학회논문지
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    • 제10권4호통권29호
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    • pp.587-598
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    • 2005
  • 2003년부터 2005년까지 KBS는 전자통신연구원(ETRI)과 공동으로 송수신 안테나의 낮은 분리도(isolation)하에서도 운용이 용이하며 중계기 내부의 왜곡을 보상할 수 있는 DOCR을 개발하였다. 개발된 DOCR의 커버리지를 측정하기 위하여 수원 지역에서 2004년과 2005년 두 차례의 필드테스트를 공동으로 실시하였다. 본 논문에서는 KBS와 ETRI에서 공동개발하고 있는 DOCR 시스템에 대해서 그 특징을 설명하고 수원 지역에서 실시된 필드테스트 결과를 분석한다. 또한, 다양한 세대의 ATSC 수신기를 측정에 사용함으로써 수신기 성능에 따른 DOCR 서비스 커버리지의 변화를 측정하였다. 이를 통해서 DOCR을 국내 DTV방송망에 적용하기 위한 기본 방안을 제안한다.

의원급 임상에서 SPQ와 SDFI를 이용한 사상체질별 특징 연구 (Study on Sasang Constitutional Characteristics using Sasang Personality Questionnaire and Sasang Digestive Function Inventory in Clinical Level)

  • 이명은;서한길;김판준;채한;권영규
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.426-431
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    • 2016
  • Sasang Digestive Function Inventory (SDFI) and Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) were developed on the basis of clinical experiences of Korean medicine hospital and previous studies have used these for analyzing Sasang constitutional characteristics mainly in hospital level. The purpose of this study is to analyze Sasang constitutional characteristics using SDFI and SPQ in clinical level. The SPQ, SDFI, height and weight were measured with 79 patients over 18-years-old from Jan. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in the clinic, Daegu, Korea that specializes in tinnitus and performs Sasang constitution diagnosis. We used ANOVA in analyzing the differences of the scores of SPQ, SDFI, BMI and PI in each Sasang types (Tae-Yang, So-Yang, Tae-Eum), and Bonferroni test or Dunnett's T3 for post verification. The SDFI-T(F=3.215) and SDFI-D(F=4.347) scores were significantly different(p<0.05) and SPQ score was not different in each Sasang types(p>0.05). And Weight(F=4.294), BMI(F=12.386) and PI(F=14.490) were significantly different in each Sasang types(p<0.001). We found that SDFI(SDFI-D) and BMI PI can explain the Sasang constitutional characteristics, that is equivalent to previous studies and might be used for clinical index in making objective questionnaire for Sasnag constitutional diagnosis in clinical level.

국내 DTV 방송망에서의 디지털 동일채널중계기 필드테스트 (Field Test Results of Digital On-Channel Repeater in a DTV Transmission Network in Korea)

  • 서영우;김영민;목하균;이상길;권태훈;박성익;이용태;음호민;서재현;김흥묵;김승원
    • 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방송공학회 2005년도 학술대회
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    • pp.73-76
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    • 2005
  • 한국방송(KBS)은 전자통신연구원(ETRI)과 공동으로 송수신 안테나의 낮은 분리도(isolation)하에서도 운용이 용이하며 중계기 내부의 왜곡을 보상할 수 있는 DOCR(Digital On-Channel Repeater)을 개발하였다. 개발된 DOCR의 성능과 서비스 커버리지를 측정하기 위하여 수원 지역에서 2004년과 2005년 두 차례의 필드테스트를 공동으로 실시하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 DOCR시스템에 대하여 그 특징을 설명하고 수원 지역에서 실시된 필드테스트 결과를 분석한다. 또한, 다양한 세대의 ATSC 수신기를 측정에 사용함으로써 수신기 성능에 따른 DOCR 서비스 커버리지의 변화를 측정하였다. 측정결과에는 DOCR의 사용에 따른 수신성공률, 수신마진, 수신용이성(수신가능각도)등이 포함되며 측정 지역의 수 년간의 테스트 결과를 종합하여 서비스 범위내의 수신성능을 분석한다.

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사상 소화기능 소증에 따른 체질별 생리심리 특성 연구 (Study on the Psychobiological Characteristics of Sasang Typology Based on the Type-Specific Pathophysiological Digestive Symptom)

  • 채한;김성혜;한승윤;이상재;김병주;권영규;이수진
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.417-424
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychobiological traits of each Sasang typology based on the Sasang Digestive function Inventory (SDFI) which measures the Sasang type-specific pathophysiological digestive symptom. The SDFI, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and NEO-Personality Inventory (NEOPI) were measured with 199 College students. The correlation coefficient was measured with Pearson correlation among SDFI, TCI, and NEOPI. The influence of TCI, sex and age on SDFI and its subscales were analyzed with regression analysis. We also compared the psychobiological features between high and low SDFI score groups to elucidate its psychobiological profiles. There was significant correlation between SDFI and TCI Harm-Avoidance (r=-0.192, p<0.001). The SDFI subscales were showed to have significant correlations with subscales of NEOPI and TCI. The regression model with TCI can explain 8-16% of type-specific pathophysiological digestive symptoms. The low SDFI score group ($39{\pm}9.3$) has significantly (p=0.007) higher than the high SDFI group ($33.6{\pm}12.2$) in TCI Harm-Avoidance which is considered important for the gastrointestinal dysfunction and So-Eum type differentiation. We found that the TCI may explain the mechanism underneath the Sasang type-specific pathophysiological symptom. It was suggested that the TCI Reward-Dependence would be useful for the study on Tae-Eum Sasang type, and its clinical meanings were discussed in the pathophysiological perspectives.

경희의료원 제3 중환자실(동서협진중환자실)에 입원한 89명의 중증 급성기 뇌경색 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰 (Clinical Analysis of 89 Patients with Severe Acute Ischemic Stroke from 3rd Intensive Care Unit(East-West Integrated Intensive Care Uint) of Kyung Hee Medical Center)

  • 허홍;소형진;임주혁;조인영;이혜영;민경윤;류재환;이범준
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.863-871
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    • 2007
  • Objects : To gain better insights of East-west integrated treatment of ischemic stroke. We analyzed 89 patients with severe acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the East-west integrated intensive care unit. Methods : Subjects enrollment was from the East-west integrated intensive care unit of Kyung Hee Medical Center from March 2006 to February 2007. Patients were admitted within 14 days after the onset of ischemic stroke. We assessed the subjects' general characteristics, risk factors, admitting routes and periods, diagnostic imaging, process of western treatment and Korean traditional treatment, complication and consequence. Results : The proportion of males was 50.6%, of females 49.4%, average age was male 66.0$\pm$10.3 and female 71.1$\pm$10.5. Average length of hospital stays was 19.5 days. Monthly admissions were highest in November and December. The admission route was through emergency room (61.8%) or ward (34.8%). Mean Glasgow coma scale score was 10.0$\pm$2.5, average time from symptom of onset to hospital admission was 2.3$\pm$2.2 days. Dominant ischemic vascular territory was middle cerebral artery (66.3%). Initial western treatment was argatroban (22.5%), urokinase (28.1%), and heparinization (38.2%). Distribution of Sasang constitution of So-yang to Tae-eum to So-eum was equal to 5.4 to 2.9 to 1.5. Major complications were observed in 40 (42.7%) patients. In hospital mortality was 12.4% (11 deaths), all of them caused by aggravation of neurological deficit and only 3 of them with major complications. There appears to be a significant positive relationship between length of hospital stay and occurrence of complications (P<0.05). After discharge from the ICU, 64 (71.9%) patients were improved, 11 (12.4%) patients had expired, and 14 (15.8%) patients were transferred. Conclusions : From this study, we suggest that patients with severe acute ischemic stroke should be treated with East-west integrated therapy for more favorable consequences and decreased mortality.

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도시철도 지하역사 PSD 설치에 따른 배기시스템 개선 연구 (A study on the improvement of the air exhaust system at the PSD installed subway station)

  • 권순박;송지한;류승원;조주환;오태석;배성준;김효규
    • 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.353-362
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    • 2015
  • 도시철도 지하역사에 설치되어 운영중인 승강장 안전문(PSD)은 승객의 추락방지 등 안전사고 예방에 큰 기여를 하고 있지만, 기존 승강장 선로 배기설비의 차단으로 인해, 일부 역사에서 승강장내 환기효율 저하문제를 발생시키고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PSD가 설치된 승강장의 기존 급배기 시스템의 환기효율 개선을 위해, 승강장과 대합실로 통하는 계단부 하부공간의 무효한 공간(창고)에 국부적인 하부 배기시스템을 추가하고, 승강장 배기용 덕트를 선로부의 기존 배기시스템에 연결하여 연동함으로써 기존 시스템에 무리 없이 승강장 실내환경을 개선하고자 하였다. 즉, PSD 설치이후 승강장 내부의 전체적인 기류혼합효과와 오염된 실내공기를 효율적으로 배출하기 위한 하부배기 방식을 연구하였다. 이러한 하부배기 방식의 효과를 예측하기 위하여, 서울지하철 2호선 역사를 선정하여 급배기량을 실측하고, 이를 바탕으로 전산수치해석 연구를 수행하여 개선효과를 예측해보았다. 하부 배기시스템의 적용은 승강장 기류의 지체상태 및 환기효율 특성을 나타내는 공기연령 측면에서 약 16.5%의 개선효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

남자 음경(陰莖)과 여자 유방(乳房)의 체질별 크기에 관한 연구 (Study of constitutional difference on man's penis and women's breast)

  • 류제훈;김달래
    • 사상체질의학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.281-293
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    • 1999
  • 연구배경(硏究背景) ; 사상체질의학에서 체질의 정확한 진단은 매우 중요하다. 전체적이고 직관적으로 제시된 동의수세보원의 체질진단 방법을 명확히 하기 위해서는 각 체질간의 특성을 확실히 알아야 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 취지를 바탕으로 이채로운 주제인 남자 음경과 여자 유방크기의 체질별 차이를 살펴보아 이들의 형태가 체질을 진단하는 데 있어서 어떠한 유의성이 있는지 살피고자 하였다. 방법(方法) ; QSCCII등을 이용한 전문의 진단으로 체질이 구분된, 특별한 질병이 없는 한국사람 86명(남자 39명, 여자 47명)을 대상으로 각각 남자에게는 이완시 음경의 길이를 자를 이용하여 음경뿌리부터 귀두부(部) 끝까지 재게 하였고, 굵기는 실과 자를 이용하여 중간부분을 재게 하였으며, 흥분시 음경의 길이와 굵기를 같은 방법으로 재게 하였고, 여자에게는 개별면담으로 키, 몸무게, 가슴둘레, 브래지어 컵 사이즈를 조사하였다. 연구결과(硏究結果) 및 결론(結論) ; 86명의 사상체질(四象體質) 유형(類型)은 태음임(太陰人) 28명(32.6%), 소음인(少陰人) 37명(43%), 소양인(少陽人) 21명(24.4%)이었고, 음경(陰莖)과 유방(乳房) 크기 분석(分析) 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 남자(男子) 음경(陰莖) 길이의 체질적(體質的)인 차이(差異)에 대한 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 단지 태음인(太陰人)의 음경(陰莖)이 평소(平素)에 가장 길고 그 대신 가장 적게 늘어나며, 음경(陰莖)의 굵기는 이완시(弛緩時), 흥분시(興奮時) 전부 태음인(太陰人), 소음인(少陰人), 소양인(少陽人)의 순서(順序)로 굵기대소가 진행(進行)되는 경향(傾向)이 있을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 여자(女子) 유방(乳房) 크기의 체질적(體質的)인 차이(差異)에 대한 유의성(有意性) 또한 없었다. 단지 가슴둘레나 브래지어 컵 사이즈를 보았을 때, 예상대로 태음인(太陰人)의 가슴이 가장 컸고, 소음인(少陰人)과 소양인(少陽人)의 비교(比較)에서, 가슴둘레 그리고 몸무게에서 가슴이 차지하는 비율은 소음인(少陰人)이 더 컸다. 브래지어 컵사이즈는 소음인(少陰人), 소양인(少陽人)이 대등(對等)했다. 소음인(少陰人) 여성(女性)의 가슴이 흉금지포세(胸襟之包勢)가 성장(盛壯)한 소양인(少陽人) 여성(女性)의 가슴보다 작지 않다는 경향(傾向)이 있을 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 통계적(統計的)으로 유의성(有意性)을 가지지는 않았으나 음경(陰莖)의 대소(大小)와 여성(女性) 가슴의 대소(大小)는 사상체질별(四象體質別)로 특징적(特徵的)인 경향성(傾向性)이 있다고 사료(思料)되고 많은 연구(硏究)가 기대되었다.

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