• 제목/요약/키워드: Tactics

검색결과 374건 처리시간 0.024초

기록물관리 전문요원의 전문적 영향력이 기록관리 담당자의 직무몰입과 직무만족에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Effect of the Archivist's Expert Power on the Job Engagement and Job Satisfaction of Record Management Personnel)

  • 김석준;김지현
    • 한국비블리아학회지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.161-178
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    • 2018
  • 본 논문은 기록물관리 전문요원의 전문적 영향력이 기록관리 담당자들의 직무몰입과 직무만족에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 조사하였다. 연구방법은 설문조사 방법을 사용하였으며 광주광역시 학교 기록관리 담당자들을 대상으로 2017년 9월부터 10월까지 설문조사를 실시하여 총 103명의 응답을 분석에 활용하였다. 분석 방법은 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석, 독립표본 T검정, 일원배치분산분석을 사용하였다. 분석 결과 기록물관리 전문요원의 전문적 영향력 요인인 전문성, 영향력전술, 영향력요건 중 전문성과 영향력전술은 기록관리 담당자의 직무몰입과 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과를 토대로 본 논문은 기록물관리 전문요원의 기록관리 직무교육 확대와 기록관리 담당자와의 소통을 제언하였다.

Cyber Kill Chain-Based Taxonomy of Advanced Persistent Threat Actors: Analogy of Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures

  • Bahrami, Pooneh Nikkhah;Dehghantanha, Ali;Dargahi, Tooska;Parizi, Reza M.;Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond;Javadi, Hamid H.S.
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.865-889
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    • 2019
  • The need for cyber resilience is increasingly important in our technology-dependent society where computing devices and data have been, and will continue to be, the target of cyber-attackers, particularly advanced persistent threat (APT) and nation-state/sponsored actors. APT and nation-state/sponsored actors tend to be more sophisticated, having access to significantly more resources and time to facilitate their attacks, which in most cases are not financially driven (unlike typical cyber-criminals). For example, such threat actors often utilize a broad range of attack vectors, cyber and/or physical, and constantly evolve their attack tactics. Thus, having up-to-date and detailed information of APT's tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) facilitates the design of effective defense strategies as the focus of this paper. Specifically, we posit the importance of taxonomies in categorizing cyber-attacks. Note, however, that existing information about APT attack campaigns is fragmented across practitioner, government (including intelligence/classified), and academic publications, and existing taxonomies generally have a narrow scope (e.g., to a limited number of APT campaigns). Therefore, in this paper, we leverage the Cyber Kill Chain (CKC) model to "decompose" any complex attack and identify the relevant characteristics of such attacks. We then comprehensively analyze more than 40 APT campaigns disclosed before 2018 to build our taxonomy. Such taxonomy can facilitate incident response and cyber threat hunting by aiding in understanding of the potential attacks to organizations as well as which attacks may surface. In addition, the taxonomy can allow national security and intelligence agencies and businesses to share their analysis of ongoing, sensitive APT campaigns without the need to disclose detailed information about the campaigns. It can also notify future security policies and mitigation strategy formulation.

현장 소방활동 중 소방공무원 화상사고 사례 분석 연구 (Case Studies of Firefighter Burns Safety Accident during Fire-fighting Activities)

  • 최신웅;이소연
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제37권6호
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    • pp.136-147
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze four cases of firefighter burns in various fire scenes and to find prevention measures to decrease firefighter injuries. Among the analysis reports prepared by the National Fire Research Institute of Korea from 2016 to 2020, four burn-related accidents are summarized and the main causes are conveyed. The four accidents include second-degree burns from using extinguishers during containment of fires; nine firefighters burned due to re-ignition in the LPG car repair shop; two firefighters injured with third-degree burns from using fire extinguishers during life-saving events in residential housing; and injuries from the radiant heat of the tank BLEVE near the factory fire. These cases are comprehensively investigated in their respective scenes and analyzed based on the fire site investigation reports from the fire department and related theoretical explanations of risk for each accident scene. In the third case study, some experimental research is conducted to evaluate the risk involved with the use of safety gloves. This is evaluated by reviewing Fire Tactics and Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) to determine improvements and recommendations for an efficient firefighting response. Results show that the main causes of burn accidents are the insufficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as safety gloves, and the failure to follow firefighting tactics or SOPs. Through the accident investigation and assessment, it is concluded that to reduce the frequency of burn accidents, the performance of firefighting equipment, SOPs, protection tactics, and safety policy systems require improvement.

서로 다른 환경에서 서식하는 수리부엉이(Bubo bubo)의 먹이 이용 (Diets and Foraging Tactics of Eurasian Eagle Owls(Bubo bubo) in Two Different Habitat Types)

  • 남현영;이우신;최창용
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 2007
  • 한국중부 지역에 서식하는 수리부엉이(Bubo bubo)의 먹이를 확인하고 서식 환경에 따른 먹이습성을 파악하기 위하여 사냥흔적 및 먹이 잔존물 82개, 소화되지 않은 먹이 덩어리인 펠릿(pellet) 55개를 각각 분석하였다. 그 결과 조류, 포유류 및 곤충으로 구성된 총 150개체의 먹이가 확인되었으며, 그 중 조류의 이용 빈도(56.67%) 및 생물량(78.04%)이 가장 높았다. 집쥐류(Rattus spp.), 꿩(Phasianus colchicus), 등줄쥐(Apodemus agrarius)를 흔히 이용하였으나, 생물량 측면에서 꿩이 가장 중요한 먹이로 나타났다. 척추동물을 기준으로 한 수리부엉이 먹이의 평균 생물량은 503.3g으로서 비교적 다양한 크기의 먹이를 포식하였으나, 개활지 보다 산림지역에서 더 크고 다양한 먹이를 이용하였다. 산림지역에서는 꿩과 원앙(Aix galericulata) 등의 조류를 많이 포식하였으나, 특정 분류군을 선호하기 보다 적정 크기의 먹이를 선호하는 양상을 보였다. 반면 개활지에서는 소형의 특정 포유류(설치류)에 의존하면서 큰 생물량을 가진 꿩 등의 조류를 일부 이용하는 기회주의적인 먹이습성을 보였다.

Effectiveness and Ecological Implications of Anuran Defenses against Snake Predators

  • In-Ho Choi;Sung Ho Lee;Robert E. Ricklefs
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.247-252
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    • 1999
  • The aim of this study was to characterize antipredator tactics of anurans and to evaluate the effectiveness of these tactics for predator avoidance in real confrontations. Two types of experiments were conducted. In one experiment, one predator and one prey were placed together for one hour in a small confined space (one-to-one interaction). In another experiment, one predator and several prey were placed together for one day in a large enclosure in a field (field-based interaction). The prey consisted of three anuran species, Rana nigromaculata, R. rugosa, and Bombina orientalls: a snake species, Rhabdophis tigrinus tigrinus, was used as a predator. Results of both experiments demonstrated a range in antipredator responses of the frogs, from toxicity and warning coloration, coupled with slow responses in Bombina to little (or only slight) toxicity, crypsis, and fast take-off responses to the predator in the ranids. oth ranid species exhibited lower survival(57%) than Bombina (95%) in the field-based interaction, suggesting that motor responses of the palatable prey due to attacks of the predator ultimately limited their survival. The jumping of the ranids increased the activity of the predator, which became more likely to strike. Simple crouching(seen in R. rugosa and B. orientalis) and chemical defense (in Bombina) reduced predatory attacks.

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도서관 마케팅 모형 (Library Marketing Model)

  • 이성신
    • 한국도서관정보학회지
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.249-270
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구의 목적은 도서관 마케팅 모형의 제안에 있다. 연구 목적 달성을 위해 활용된 방법론은 국내 문헌정보학자들의 도서관 마케팅관련 연구논문들에 대한 내용분석방법이다. 관련 연구논문들에 대하여 질적 내용분석방법을 활용하여 분석하였으며, 이의 결과를 일반 비영리조직의 마케팅모형과 비교 분석하여 최종 도서관 마케팅모형을 제시하였다. 최종 도서관 마케팅모형의 구성요소는 첫째, '고객(도서관 이용자)', 둘째, '내적 환경 변화', 셋째, '외적 환경 변화', 넷째, '도서관 마케팅 목표 설정', 다섯째, '다양한 도서관 마케팅 전략', 여섯째, '구체적 마케팅 실행계획의 수립', 일곱째, '실행계획의 집행', 여덟째, '평가', 아홉째, '긍정적 평가 결과', 열 번째, '부정적 평가 결과', 열한 번째, '고객만족', 열두번째, '도서관 이용률 제고', 열세 번째, '도서관의 긍정적 사회적 가치 확립'이다.

New Tactics for Stereospecificity in Metallocene-based Olefin Polymerization

  • Kim, Seong-Kyun;Park, Sung-Jin;Kim, Hwa-Kyu;Yoon, Seung-Woong;Lee, Jun-Seong;Park, Myung-Hwan;Do, Young-Kyu
    • 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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    • pp.221-221
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    • 2006
  • The stereochemical control in polypropylenes and styrene-ethylene copolymers based on homogeneous single-site polymerization catalysts has received great attention since the stereocpecificity is one of the key factors in tailoring the polymer properties. Thus, we have developed new tactics for isospecificity in propylene polymerization with the unbridged metallocenebased systems and syndiospecific styrene-styrene sequence in styrene-ethylene copolymerization with the group 4 metallocene system. Brief details of the synthesis, structures and the polymerization behavior of a set of new metallocene catalysts will be presented.

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Korean EFL Learners' Cognitive Tendencies in Critical Reading of Argumentative Texts

  • Lee, Jong-Hee
    • 영어어문교육
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.107-125
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    • 2006
  • This article reports some Korean EFL learners' cognitive tendencies drawn up from their responses to logical fallacies in the argument passages, and its pedagogical implications. The findings of experimental study show the meaningful disparities in three sets of judgment tests designed to identify and explicate faulty arguments: based on the three general types of fallacies using language, emotions, and distraction tactics, subjects on average gained the highest scores in the test questions with language-loaded fallacies and the lowest scores in those with emotion-based ones among the three different types; for this reason, the scores that subjects obtained in the test of distraction-loaded fallacious arguments fell in between the two poles. These discrepancies, mainly based on statistical inferences, support the possibility that the Korean EFL learners are most likely to be manipulated by emotions/distraction- loaded argument tactics than by language-based ones in the three types of fallacious arguments; and, they are least likely to be influenced by language-oriented trickeries. As a consequence, such variances in abilities to recognize the intrinsic elements of logical fallacies suggest some basic instructional approaches to critical reading of argumentative texts with due weights on the Korean EFL learners' culture-specific cognitive tendencies.

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학교시설(學校施設) 거주평가(居住評價)에 따른 건축기획(建築企劃) 개선(改善) - 철골조학교(鐵骨造學校) 프로젝트 서화.갈마초등학교(初等學校)의 경우(境遇) (Architectural Programming via Post Occupancy Evaluation: Case of Steel Framed School Building Seowha and Galma Primary School)

  • 장성준
    • 교육시설
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.13-26
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    • 2001
  • The study is a Post-Occupancy-Evaluation on newly constructed steel framed school buildings sponsored by POSCO, and presents alternative tactics for planning and programming for the kind of project. The schools in concern are Seowha Primary School(Incheon city) and Galma Primary School(Daejeon city) which were completed in February 1999 and since occupied. The POE-2000 study results had to be compared to the POE-1999 which dealt on Jigog Primary School(Pohang city) and Iwol Primary School(Jincheon township) to develop an improved project tactics. In this reason we had to use the same questionnaire forms envisaged by the former study, ie. POE-1999. To begin with the same study format, it might be appropriate to differentiate whether a 'satisfaction' comes from the 'steel framed construction' or from the 'newly built environment'. However it was difficult with the POE-1999. As the intention to compare the 4 school building were the firstly achieved objective of this study that we had to continue to apply the same format and the analysis procedure. Except this condition, everything the POE-1999 conducted were valuable to this POE-2000. The satisfaction survey form includes 36 questions for individual items and 2 questions for general items.

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캠페인 실행에 영향을 미치는 디지털 마케팅 성과모형 연구 (A Study on Digital Marketing Model for Improving Campaign Performance)

  • 이상호;김종배
    • 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.205-211
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    • 2012
  • 본 논문은 기업의 마케팅 캠페인 실행 성과를 향상시키기 위한 디지털 마케팅 모델에 대한 연구 결과를 제시하고 있다. 최근 ERP, CRM, SCM 등 비즈니스 가치 사슬 프로세스를 개선하기 위한 프로젝트를 마친 기업들은 마케팅 프로세스를 전사적으로 개선하기 위한 작업을 진행하고 있다. 기존 마케팅 기법의 한계를 극복하기 위해서 디지털 마케팅 기법을 활용하기 위한 시도가 많다. 특히 마케팅 프로세스의 실행 단계인 캠페인 수행성과를 향상시키기 위해 디지털 마케팅 기법들을 적용하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 디지털 마케팅 연구 모델과 연구 가설을 수립하고, 마케팅 전문가 설문 조사를 통한 통계적 분석 방법을 통해 검증하고자 하였다. 연구를 통해서 디지털 마케팅 모델 중에서 웹 분석, 소셜 분석, 개인 맞춤형 고객 관계 분석, 캠페인 실행 자동화, 실시간 캠페인 관리 등의 기법이 기업의 마케팅 캠페인 실행 성과에 영향을 미치는 것을 실증적으로 검증하였다.