• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2011

본 실험은 전통발효식품인 청국장의 기능성 및 품질향상을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 생약초(표고버섯, 더덕, 어성초) 추출물을 각각 동량 섞어 제조한 것을 청국장환에 10%, 20% 및 30% 첨가하여 제조한 다음 이들의 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 생약초 추출물 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 색도 중 L값과 b값은 다소 증가하였으며, pH의 경우 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 일반성분 중 조단백질, 조지방과 조섬유 함량은 생약초 첨가수준이 높을수록 다소 감소하였으며, 수분과 회분은 증가하였다. 구성 아미노산 함량은 glutamic acid > aspartic acid > leucime > arginine 순이었으며, 지방산 조성의 경우 linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid 순으로 나타났다. 경도의 경우 추출물 첨가수준이 증가할수록 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 더덕의 지표 성분인 조사포닌과 어성호에 많이 함유된 쿼세틴 함량을 분석한 결과 생약초 함량이 증가할수록 증가하는 정의 상관관계를 보여 생약초 추출물 30% 첨가구가 가장 많은 함량 분포를 보였다. 첨가수준별 청국장의 관능검사를 실시한 결과 생약초 추출물 20% 첨가하여 제조한 제품이 기호도면에서 가장 좋은 점수를 받았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 생약초 추출물 첨가한 청국장환은 추출물 함량이 증가할수록 영양성분이나 기능성 물질의 함량이 대부분 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 관능검사를 실시한 결과 생약초 추출물을 20% 첨가하여 제조한 청국장환 제품이 기호도면에서 가장 좋은 제품으로 판단되어, 소비자들의 기호도를 고려한 최종 제품은 생약초 추출물을 20% 까지 첨가하여 제조하는 것이 가장 좋은 제품으로 나타났으며 이러한 사실은 여러 가지 생약초가 갖는 장점 등을 청국장환에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.7549-7554
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• 2015

본 이 연구의 목적은 부유 기술을 이용하여 제형이 위에 더 오래도록 머무르면서 약물을 지속적으로 방출하는 이중정을 개발하는 것이다. 실험방법으로는 메트포르민을 주 약물로 선정하였는데, 그 이유는 메트포르민은 주로 소장 상부에서만 흡수되는 좁은 흡수 영역 대를 가지고 있는 점, 용해도가 매우 높아 약물 방출을 조절하는 것이 쉽지 않은 점 등 때문이다. 정제의 부유를 위한 가스를 생성하는 부분과 약물의 방출을 조절하는 부분의 간섭을 최소화하기 위해 이중정 타정 기를 사용해 이중정으로 제조하였으며, 정제의 모양, 질량 및 경도를 측정하였고, 부유정의 중요한 요소인 부유 촉발시간과 부유유지 시간을 평가하였다. 또, 약물의 방출 조절을 평가하기 위해 용출시험을 시행하였으며, 그 결과를 시판되고 있는 메트포르민 서방성 제제인 Glucopharge XR$^{(R)}$과 비교평가 하였다. 그 결과, 부유 촉발제인 $NaHCO_3$ 및 약물 방출 조절제인 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)의 사용량에 따라 13초의 부유 촉발시간, 10시간 이상의 부유 유지시간 및 시판 제제와 매우 유사한 약물 방출 거동을 확인할 수 있었다 ($f_2$: 89.6). 결론적으로 메트포르민을 함유한 위 체류 이중정을 성공적으로 개발할 수 있었으며, 그로 인해 메트포르민의 치료효과도 극대화 할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2023

현재 태블릿 PC 가 점점 더 인기를 끌면서 매장 운영에 있어 편리함을 제공하지만, 일부 고객은 불만을 느낄 수 있다. 그림자노동의 관점에서 고객은 태블릿 PC 를 사용하는 것이 추가 작업, 즉 서비스 직원으로부터 업무가 이전되어 고객 스스로 작업을 해야 한다고 느낄 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 고객이 태블릿 PC 를 이용할 때 그림자노동에 대한 인식(지각된 사용 어려움 및 지각된 사용 강제성)의 원인과 그림자노동에 대한 인식이 태블릿PC 주문 서비스에 대한 재사용 의도에 어떤 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 조사하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 또한 고객의 그림자노동에 대한 지각이 디지털 리터러시와 정보 과부하에 영향을 받는지 여부를 조사하며, 태블릿 PC 를 사용할 때 발생하는 혜택이 그림자노동 지각에 미치는 긍정적인 영향을 조사한다. 본 연구는 음식점에서 태블릿 PC 를 이용하여 주문하는 고객을 대상으로 중국의 설문조사 전문 사이트인 "원쥬엔싱" (Wenjuanxing)를 통해 온라인 설문조사를 수행한 후, 총 376 개의 유효한 데이터에 대해 SPSS 24.0 을 활용하여 인구통계학적 특성, 빈도 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 타당성 분석, 상관관계 분석 등을 실시했다. 또한 가설들은 회귀분석을 통해 검증하였다. 376 명 응답자의 실증분석 결과, 디지털 리터러시와 정보 과부하가 그림자노동 인식에 영향을 미치며, 태블릿 PC 주문 서비스 재사용 의도에도 영향을 미친다는 점을 밝혔다. 또한 혜택은 이러한 관계에 대해 유의한 조절 효과를 보였다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to assess the requirements of tablet PC-based PMIS applications designed for use on construction sites to determine whether these new programs can play a significant role in increasing the efficiency of a project. In this research, the current market conditions of PMIS running on a tablet PC were analyzed. In addition, two industry surveys were conducted. A research team interviewed some industry experts and identified fourteen useful and desirable functions that can be incorporated into tablet PC-based applications and project management tools. Through a questionnaire survey, the most effective functions for the tablet PC-based PMIS were identified. The three top-rated functions among those suggested were Contact Information for Job-Related Personnel; Receive and Respond to Submittals, RFIs, and Notices; and Problem Solving for Design and Engineering Issues. The results of this research are expected to provide helpful information for mobile application developers and members of other interested groups in the construction industry.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2011

Tablet dosage forms have been preferred over other formulations for the oral drug administration due to their low manufacturing costs and ease of administrations, especially controlled-release applications. Controlled-release tablets are oral dosage forms from which the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is released over an intended or extended period of time upon ingestion. This may allow a decrease in the dosing frequency and a reduction in peak plasma concentrations and hence improves patient compliance while reducing the risk of undesirable side effects. Conventional singlelayered matrix tablets have been extensively utilized to deliver APIs into the body. However, these conventional single-layered matrix tablets present suboptimal delivery properties, such as non-linear drug delivery profiles which may cause higher side effects. Recently, a multi-layered technology has been developed to overcome or eliminate the limitations of the singlelayered tablet with more flexibility. This technology can give a good opportunity in formulating new products and help pharmaceutical companies enhancing their life cycle management. In this review, a brief overview on the multi-layered tablets is given focusing on the various tablet designs, manufacturing issues and drug release profiles.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ciprofloxacin tablets, Ciprobay (Bayer Korea Ltd.) and Rofcin (Binex Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The release of ciprofloxacin from the two ciprofloxacin tablets in vitro was tested using KP XIII Apparatus I method with dissolution media (0.01 M HCl). The dissolution profiles of two ciprofloxacin tablets were very similar at dissolution media. Twenty four healthy male volunteers were divided into two groups and a randomized 2$2{\times}2$2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet (250 mg ciprofloxacin) was orally administrated, blood was taken and the concentrations of ciprofloxacin in serum were determined using HPLC with UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two ciprofloxacin tablets based on the Ciprobay were -0.63%, 3.98% and -9.23%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two tablets in these parameter. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25)(e.g., log(0.9520)~log(1.0523) and log(0.9689)~log(1.1663) for $AUC_1\;and\;C_{max}$, respectively). Thus, Rofcin tablet was bioequivalent to Ciprobay tablet.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.267-274
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• 1998

Biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) has been used for the treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis. However, its poor solubility in water, $2.5\;{\mu}g/ml$, caused low bioavailability of the drug after its oral administration. In order to increase the dissolution of DDB in gastrointestinal tracts, consequently to increase the bioavailability of the drug, DDB tablet was prepared with solid dispersion of DDB with poloxamer 338 or 407 using a direct compression method. To improve the flowability of the solid dispersion, Aerosil was used as an adsorbent. The effect of formulation variables (poloxamer and Aerosil contents) on the dissolution rate of DDB from tablets was investigated using an analysis of variance. The dissolution rate of DDB from tablets was evaluated with KP II (paddle) method. The dissolution patterns of the drug from the tablet prepared with poloxamer 407 were affected significantly by the contents of poloxamers and Aerosil over the range employed, but those of the drug from the tablet prepared with poloxamer 338 were not. The optimum formulation of the DDB tablet, showed the same dissolution pattern as that of the reference, was obtained after polynomial equations of drug dissolution profiles for each formula were fitted to contour plots. The optimum formulation ratios of DDB:poloxamer 407:Aerosil were 1:2.5:2.5 and 1:5:5.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 1989

Even though two different preparations are chemically equivalent, the variance of bioavailability differenciates the clinical effect of preparations, so that the preparations need to be evaluated by comparing bioavailability in vivo as well as chemical equivalence. In this study, bioequivalence tests of commercially available isoniazid tablets A, B, C and D (standard) were performed to give some guidelines to bioequivalence test. The bioavailability parameters obtained by drug administeration were statistically analyzed. Statistical evaluation of the data involved an analysis of variance for a cross over design. Cross over design was employed with 8 healthy volunteers. The results were within 20% difference of mean value in the AUC, Cmax, Tmax and amount of urinary excretion (Au) between standard and isoniazid tablets. The results of ANOVA showed no significant differences for 'group or sequence', but almost not for 'between subjects'. The tablet. A, B and D were within 20 min, but tablet C was within 50 min. Tablet A was biologically equivalent in the Au. tablet B biologically equivalent in the Au and AUC. Tablet C was biologically equivalent in the Au. The relationship between the dissolution rate and Au was significant.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1051-1055
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the screen size of smart devices on the bending angle of the cervical spine. The subjects of this study were 30 healthy adults(15 men and 15 women) who used smartphones and tablet PC(personal computer). The changes in the bending angle of the upper and lower cervical spine were measured in the subjects after they had used a smartphone and a tablet PC for 300 seconds each. To make sure that all subjects began in the same starting position, an angle-measuring instrument was used to set the angles of the ankle, knee, hip, and arm joints to 90 degree. The subjects were asked to keep the trunk straight. They were asked to hold a smartphone in their hand and to bend their neck so that they could look down at the screen. Once they began using the smartphone in this manner, they were free to change their posture. We used a paired t-test to compare the bending angle of the cervical spine on subjects who used smartphones and tablet PC in the long-term and short-term there production error of cervical and the significance level was cervical. The results showed that, when using a smartphone and a tablet PC for 300 seconds, there was no significant difference in the bending angle of the upper cervical spine(p>.05), although there was a significant difference in the bending angle of the lower cervical spine(p<.05).

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.161-169
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• 1984

The tests of dissolution and bioavailability of six formulas of lorazepam tablet under various binders were performed. Lorazepam can be seperated in pharmaceutical preparation and biological plasma by high performance liquid chromatograph. Dissolution process of lorazepam tablet was largely influenced by binder and the dissolution rate was increased by sodium starch glycolate and microcrystalline cellulose, the slower dissolution rate in starch. Bioavailability of lorazepam tablet got relationship with dissolution rate, because tablets containing sodium starch glycolate and microcrystalline cellulose as binder maintained higher plasma level than other binders.