• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

경련성 사경한자 1례에 대하여 TWSTRS와 Tsui score를 사용하여 경련성 사경정의 심한 정도와 치료 결과를 평가하고, 한방치료를 주로하고 양방치료를 보완적으로 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 키네시오 테이프를 이용해 실시한 첩대요법은 사경증의 비틀림을 교정하는데 TWSTRS와 Tsui score 상 일정부분 효과가 있었다. 2. 아시혈을 포함한 치치료와 봉독치료는 TWSTRS상 경부통증과 일상생활 장애를 감소시켰다. 3. 양방협진하에 실시한 trigger point에 대한 국소 steroid 주사요법도 일정부분 통증을 감소시킨 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.456-465
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• 2013

Objectives : A case of cervical dystonia improved after Korean medical treatments by using measurements of Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), and Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (CDIP-58) to evaluate the changes of symptoms. Methods : Korean medical treatments for relieving symptoms of cervical dystonia including acupuncture, herb medication, cupping therapy, and physical therapy were performed. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, TWSTRS and CDIP-58 were used. Results : TWSTRS decreased from 55 to 24.5 and CDIP-58 also decreased from 79.3 to 36.2. Conclusions : This report suggests that Korean medical treatments can be effectively used for patients with cervical dystonia. Further clinical studies are needed to verify the findings.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2013

Background: Spasmodic torticollis is a disorder that is described by sustained muscle contractions causing repetitive and twisting movements, and abnormal postures in a single body region. The purpose of this case is to describe the manual therapy for a patient with spasmodic torticollis. Methods: The patient was a 64 years old man with an 3 month history of left side laterocollis spasmodic torticollis. No known genetic history or trauma. Prior to intervention, his score on the Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) severity score was 24, disability score was 20, pain score was 11. There is a noticeable distinction between left and right side cervical range of motion. The intervention consisted of manual therapy (MET, PNF) 3 times per week for the treatment during 4 weeks. Results: After intervention for 4weeks, his TWSTRS score and range of motion was improved quite a bit before therapeutic exercise. But symptoms are not improving sufficiently fast. Conclusions: Manual therapy is that MET and PNF is effective in improving for patient had spasmodic torticollis with laterocollis of neck.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.346-350
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze in detail the relationship between outcome and time course of effect in medically refractory primary cervical dystonia (CD) with phasic type that was treated by bilateral globus pallidus internus (Gpi) deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods : Six patients underwent bilateral implantation of DBS into the Gpi under the guide of microelectrode recording and were followed for $18.7{\pm}11.1$ months. The mean duration of the CD was $5.8{\pm}3.4$ years. The mean age at time of surgery was $54.2{\pm}10.2$ years. Patients were evaluated with the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and relief scale using patient self-reporting. Results : The TWSTRS total scores improved by 64.5%, 65.5%, 75.8%, and 76.0% at 3, 6, 12 months, and at the last available follow-up after surgery, respectively. Statistically significant improvements in the TWSTRS scores were observed 3 months after surgery (p=0.028) with gradual improvement up to 12 months after surgery, thereafter, the improvement was sustained. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the scores at 3 and 12 months. Subjective improvement reported averaged $81.7{\pm}6.8%$ at last follow-up. Mild dysarthria, the most frequent adverse event, occurred in 3 patients. Conclusions : Our results show that the bilateral Gpi-DBS can offer a significant therapeutic effect from 3 months postoperatively in patients with primary CD with phasic type, without significant side effects.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.246-250
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• 2007

We report here on a case of right side spasmodic torticollis (ST) that was refractory to botulinum toxin type A injection and medication. The patient finally underwent a selective ramisectomy with ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) resection, but the remaining symptoms slowly aggravated, and a contralateral left side SCM spasm began. As conservative therapy for reducing the spasmodic symptoms, accessory nerve block, upper cervical plexus block and stellate ganglion block were performed twice in a week. After 6 months, the spasmodic symptoms significantly decreased. The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) decreased by more than 70%. After one year of serial intermittent local anesthetic blockade therapy, the patient became almost free from the original ST symptoms (TWSTRS = 1). Serial local anesthetic interventions for the ST patient may have a beneficial role on the pathological peripherocentral neural activity of the ST patient and can modulate motor-sensory integration in the patient.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.948-956
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to report a case of cervical dystonia and the effects of a series of traditional Korean medicine treatments applied to the patient. The patient was treated with conventional treatment and traditional Korean medicine consisting of acupuncture, moxa, chuna therapy, and herbal medicine (Hoesu-san-gami) for 48 days. Progress was measured by Tsui's score, the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, and the Neck Disability Index. We observed some improvements in the patient's symptoms: Tsui's score of 15 to 11, TWSTRS of 63.3 to 47.8, and NDI of 24 to 17. These findings indicate that the application of traditional Korean medicine to cervical dystonia can yield decent clinical outcomes.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.127-140
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• 2008

Objectives : This report intended to estimate effects of Jung-an acupuncture on the acquired torticollis caused by muscle contraction. Methods : The patients were treated by Jung-an acupuncture, herb medication and Physical treatment daily. The improvement of the patients was judged by Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale(TWSTRS), Tsui's score and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). Results : After 7 days of treatment, the 2 patients' neck pain and cervical movement were improved. Also, TWSTRS score, Tsui's score and VAS were all reduced. Conclusions : As the Jung-an acupuncture's theological base is organized with meridian theory and myofacial release therapy, We considered the Jung-an acupuncture is effective not only for the skin disease but also for the muscle problem such as torticollis.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment with FCST and Miniscalpel-Acupuncture on patient with cervical dystonia. Methods: In this study, A patient with cervical dystonia was admitted to ◯◯ Korean medicine Hospital from Oct 20th, 2020 to Nov 28th, 2020. During the admission period, the patient was treated by Korean medical treatment (acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herb medicine, etc.), especially using FCST and Miniscalpel-Acupuncture. The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), the Tsui score and CDIP (Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile)-58 were used for measuring the Cervical Dystonia. Results: After treatment for 40 days, the TWSTRS showed a decrease from 52.75 to 13.75, the Tsui score also decreased from 17 to 3 and the CDIP-58 score decreased from 64.1 to 25.5. Conclusions: These results showed that Korean medical treatment especially using FCST and Miniscalpel-Acupuncture may have an effect on reducing symptoms of cervical dystonia. But the further researches are needed.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.152-164
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• 2021

Objective: This case reports on the effect of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) treatment in a patient with psychogenic dystonia. Methods: A patient with generalized tremor and gait disturbance diagnosed as psychogenic dystonia was treated with Yokukan-san-gami, Jakyakgamcho-tang, Yikgeebohyul-tang, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping for 6 weeks. Symptom improvement was evaluated with the unified dystonia rating scale (UDRS) and the Toronto Western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS). Results: After 6 weeks of TKM treatment, the UDRS and TWSTRS decreased, and the patient's clinical symptoms, including generalized tremor and gait disturbance, improved. Conclusions: This case shows that TKM treatment may be effective for improving psychogenic dystonia.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2016

■ Objectives This clinical report is to report the effect of Korean medicine on a patient with torticollis. ■ Methods We used herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmaco-acupuncture and bee venom acupuncture to treat a torticollis patient during hospitalization and out patient department (OPD) treatment for 3months. We observed the changes of symptoms using Toronto Western Spasmodic torticollis Scale (TWSTRS). ■ Results After treatment, the patient's symptoms including torticollis, pain and the general condition were improved. The TWSTRS scores were also improved after treatment. ■ Conclusion This clinical case study suggests that Korean medicine treatment could be effective in the treatment of torticollis.