• 청정기술
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2003

고온 연료가스 정제를 위하여 ZnO-CuO 혼합탈황제를 제조하였으며, 탈황제들의 반응특성을 조사하였다. ZnO와 CuO의 혼합비율에 따른 황화반응 속도는 CuO의 함량이 증가할수록 빨라졌다. ZnO와 CuO 비율을 달리한 각 탈황제의 재생특성을 조사하기 위하여 TPO실험을 수행한 결과, $400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 $CuSO_4$가 생성되고 $700^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 $CuSO_4$가 열분해 됨을 알았다. $600^{\circ}C$에서 재생된 탈황제는 $CuSO_4$에 의한$SO_2$ slippage 현상이 관찰되었으나, $700^{\circ}C$에서 재생할 경우에는 $SO_2$ slippage가 관찰되지 않았다. 이로써 ZnO와 CuO의 혼합으로 CuO는 ZnO의 휘발을 억제하고, ZnO는 CuO에 대한 $SO_2$ slippage를 최소화 시켰다.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2003년도 제3회 국제심포지움 및 학술대회
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• pp.86-86
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• 2003

Research has been in progress for more than a decade to production of useful proteins by genetic modification in cattle. However, the levels of protein production in transgenic cattle have been reported very low. To enhance protein production in transgenic animal, we tried homologous recombination to donor cells for production of transgenic clone cattle through nuclear transfer procedure. Thus, we constructed the two targeting vectors of human thrombopoietin (TPO) at bovine $\beta$-casein locus using homologous recombination with 13.6 kb and 9.6 kb homology. In two targeting vectors, positive selection was through the neomycin resistance gene and negative selection was by the diphtheria toxin (DT). Gene targeting was attempted in bovine embryonic fibroblasts (bEF) and bovine ear skin fibroblasts (bESF). To determine the most appropriate concentration of neomycin for bEF and bESF, G4l8 resistance was confirmed by culturing the cells in various concentrations of the drug and both of the cells were optimally selected at $900 \mu g/ml$ of neomycin. The transfected bEF and bESF by the targeting vectors were colonized efficiently at the ratio of DNA to transfection reagent such as $4 \mu g$:2 ${mu}ell$ and $1 \mu g$:$2 \mu l$. Comparing number of healthy clones from passage 4 to passage 8, bESF (17%) persist in culture for much longer than bEF (6%). The two gene-targeted bESF clones of 30 random-integrated clones with 9.6 kb homology length were confirmed, however, nothing was out of 72 random integration clones with 13.6 kb homology length, The DT also worked more efficiently in clones transfected with the vector of 9.6 kb homology length. Our data suggests that the choice of donor cell for long culture period should be considered to obtain targeted cell clone, and the gene-targeting frequency and the DT working efficiency are dependent on the length of target homology.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 제대혈 유래의 조혈줄기세포를 효과적으로 배양하기 위한 선행 연구로서 세포 배양 환경에 따른 조혈줄기세포 증식능의 변화를 관찰하였다. 제대혈의 단핵구 세포에서 분리한 $CD34^+$ 세포를 성장인자 조성-I(이하, coc-I) (EPO, GM-CSF, SCF, IL-3) 및 성장인자 조성-II(이하, coc-II) (TPO, G-CSF, SCF, IL-6, Flt3/Flk-2 ligand)가 포함되어 있는 IMDM(Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium) 및 무혈청 배지(serum free media, SFM)에서 배양하였으며, 우태아혈청(FBS)의 첨가 영향, 2차원 및 3차원 배양 후 각 조건에서의 세포 증식 및 콜로니 형성능을 비교하였다. 일반적으로 coc-I에서의 세포 증식 및 콜로니 증식이 coc-II에서보다 높았다. 3차원 배양(methocult)에서는 가장 높은 세포 증식($2,258{\pm}456$배)을 나타냈으며, 같은 조성의 2차원 배양(IMDM + coc-I + FBS)에서는 가장 높은 콜로니 증식(BFU-E: $652{\pm}19$, CFU-GM: $520{\pm}58$, CFU-GEMM: $339{\pm}100$배)이 나타났다. 배지를 기준으로 보면, coc-II 조성에 우태아혈청이 포함되지 않은 경우를 제외한 모든 경우에서 세포 증식 및 콜로니 증식이 무혈청 배지에서보다 IMDM에서 높았다. 결론적으로, 모든 배양 조건 중에서 'IMDM + coc-I + FBS' 및 'IMDM + coc-I'에서 가장 좋은 콜로니 증식을 보였으며, 우태아혈청의 첨가 및 2차원 배양 조건이 콜로니 증식에 더 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 앞으로 조혈줄기세포의 체외 증식에 필요한 공정개발이나 생물반응기 설계에 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.555-561
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 연소 배기가스로부터 포집된 이산화탄소를 다시 일산화탄소 또는 탄소로 전환하여 산업에 다시 활용하고자 하는 탄소순환형 기술개발이 목적이다. 그러나 이산화탄소는 안정한 화합물로 쉽게 분해되지 않기 때문에 적합한 금속계 산화물(활성화제)이 필요하며, 가능한 낮은 온도에서 분해되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Zn계 페라이트를 사용하여 $CO_2$를 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 CO나 C로 전환할 수 있는 금속계 산화물을 수열합성과 고상법을 이용하여 제조하였다. 이산화탄소의 분해 특성을 실험하기 위해 TPR/TPO 장치와 TGA분석장비를 사용하였다. 수소에 의한 환원곡선 면적과 $CO_2$에 의한 흡착분해 곡선면적을 측정한 결과 ZnO가 5 wt% 포함되어 있는 Zn 페라이트가 가장 크게 나타났다. 또한 수소에 의한 흡착환원이 26.53 wt% 발생하였고, $CO_2$에 의한 산화량도 25.73 wt%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 이산화탄소의 흡착특성이 높지는 않았지만 분해효율이 96.98%로 우수한 산화 환원 특성을 나타내었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2013

Objectives : Brassica campestris var narinosa (BCN), Canavalia gladiata DC semen (CGD) and their combinational prescription (BCN+CGD) have been use to demonstrate to regulate hematopoiesis. In the current study, we investigated whether Brassica campestris var narinosa, Canavalia gladiata DC semen and their combinational prescription is related to hemato-potentiating function using Sca-$1^+$ hematopoietic stem cells (Sca-$1^+HSCs$) as a testing system. Methods : Sca-$1^+HSCs$ isolated from femur in C57bl/6 mice with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). Then, Real-time PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression, ELISA and haematopoiesis-related gene (EPO, TPO, IL-3, SCF, c-kit, GM-CSF), the phosphorylation of JAK2, GATA-1 and STAT-5a/b were observed by western blot, and the numbers of $CD117^+/Sca-1^+$ cell and the number of granulocyte erythrocyte monocyte macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GEMM) and erythroid burst forming units (BFU-E), semisolid clonogenic assay was performed. Result : When Sca-$1^+HSCs$ were treated with Brassica campestris var narinosa, Canavalia gladiata DC semen and their combinational prescription with rIL-3/rSCF, the expression of haematopoiesis-related (EPO, TPO, IL-3, SCF, c-kit, and GM-CSF) were significantly increased at the levels of mRNA as well as production in Sca-$1^+HSCs$. Additionally, CGS enhanced phosphorylation of JAK2, GATA-1, and signal transducer and activator of transcription-5a/b (STAT-5a/b) in Sca-$1^+HSCs$. Furthermore, their combinational prescription (BCN+CGD) significantly enhanced the growth rate of granulocyte erythrocyte monocyte macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GEMM) and erythroid burst forming units (BFU-E) in vitro. Conclusion : These result suggest that Brassica campestris var narinosa (BCN) and Canavalia gladiata DC have hematopoietic enhancement via hematopoietic cytokine-mediated JAK2/GATA-1/STAT-5a/b pathway, and their combinational prescription (BCN+CGD) has superior hematopoietic enhancement to those of individual extracts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.620-629
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• 2022

가열 속도, 몰 공간속도, 질화반응온도 등 다양한 실험 조건을 변화하며 바나디움 산화물과 암모니아와의 승온 질화반응을 통하여 바나디움 산화질화물을 제조하여 특성분석을 수행하였으며 제조된 바나디움 산화질화물 상에서 암모니아 분해반응의 촉매 활성을 검토하였다. 제조된 촉매의 물리·화학적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 N₂ 흡착분석, X-선 회절분석(XRD), 수소 승온환원(H₂-TPR), 산소 존재 하 승온산화 (TPO), 암모니아 탈착 (NH₃-TPD), 투과전자현미경(TEM) 분석을 수행하였다. 340 ℃에서 5 m² g^-1의 낮은 비표면적을 갖는 V₂O₅의 환원에 의하여 V₂O₃ 으로의 변환은 미세 기공 형성에 의해 115 m² g^-1 높은 비표면적 값을 보여주었으며 그 이상의 질화반응 온도가 증가함에 따라 소결현상에 의해 지속적인 비표면적의 감소를 초래하였다. 비표면적에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 질화반응 변수는 반응온도였으며, 단일 상의 VN_xO_y의 x + y 값은 질화반응온도가 증가함에 따라 1.5에서 1.0으로 근접하였으며 680 ℃의 높은 반응온도에서 입방 격자상수 a는 VN 값에 근접하였다. 본 실험 조건 중에 질화반응온도가 가장 높았던 680 ℃에서 암모니아 전환율은 93%로 나타났으며 비활성화는 관찰되지 않았다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.511-512
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• 2008

For the $CO_2$ reforming of $CH_4$, Ni catalyst was supported on La-hexaaluminate or on $\gamma$-$Al_2O_3$. The catalytic activities of Ni/La-hexaaluminate catalysts were measured at $700^{\circ}C$ using gas chromatography (GC) for 72 h, and the reaction was maintained up to 72 hfor the investigation of catalyst deactivation. The surface of each catalyst after 72 h reaction was investigated using SEM and TEM, and the composition of the carbon deposits was investigated by using EA, TPO and TGA. Ni/La-hexaaluminate shows higher resistance to coke deposition than conventional Ni/$Al_2O_3$ which seems to be due to strong interaction between Ni and the support material. As a result of the reforming reaction, various types of carbon deposits were created on catalyst surface and the amounts of them were much smaller in the case of La-hexaaluminate than on $Al_2O_3$.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-107
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• 1999

The primary purpose of this study is to inquire into the characteristic of exposure presented in fashion, identify the correct concept of exposure from an aesthetic perspective, and grasp the contemporary meaning of exposure presented in fashion. As a result of study, the following findings were obtained: First, the surrealist style of fashion exhibited representations such as the relocation of the partial details, the harmonization of the natural and the artificial, the emphasis or expansion of each part of the body, and the like. It used highlighted the genital region with ornamentations or used the technique of paradoxically exposing the part of the body always covered. And it exbibited the paradoxical relationship of exposure and concealment by exposing the concealed part of the human body. Second, the post-modern style showed the complicated phenomenon that the values of several meanings such as the historic, the folk, and the like appeared in its fashion. It shares in spatiotemporal eclecticism, pluralistic characteristics and the like found in the post-modern culture. Third, the deconstructive style gets rid of the distinction between the external space and the private space by translating underwears into outer garments. It destroys clothing by tearing or perforating clothing whereby it represents the poor image. Coupled with women‘s psychology of exposure and the new generation’s way of thinking indifferent to others‘ eyes, this fashion of deconstruction occupies the great current of fashion. Deconstructive fashion gets away with the rule of ‘having to wear clothing to suit TPO(Time, Place and Occasion), the traditional norm of wearing clothing.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2005

Although much is known about the molecular biology of platelets, the megakaryocytes' (MKs) molecular biology was not understood so well because of their rareness. By the cloning and characterization of thrombopoietin (TPO), which is the principal regulator of the growth and development of the MKs, researches on the MKs have been growing rapidly. To understand megakaryocytopoiesis, we investigated the gene expression profile of the MKs using oligonucleotide microarray where 10,108 unique genes were spotted. Comparing the fluorescence intensities of which ratio is $\ge$ ${\mid}2{\mid}$, 372 genes were up-regulated and 541 genes were down-regulated in MKs. For confirmatory expression, RNase protection assay (RPA) establishing abundant apoptotic gene expression was carried out. In MKs, many of the known genes, including several platelet related genes, GATA binding protein were highly expressed. Particularly, TGF beta, clusterin (complement lysis inhibitor), and thymosin beta 4 (actin-sequestering molecules) were expressed highly in MKs. As MKs specific expressed genes may regulate normal and pathologic platelet (and/or MK) functions, the transcript profiling using microarray was useful on molecular understanding of MKs,

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1081-1091
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• 2012

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of clonal hematologic neoplasms characterized by morphologic dysplasia, aberrant hematopoiesis and peripheral blood refractory cytopenias. MDS is recognized to be associated with an increased risk of symptomatic anemia, infectious complications and bleeding diathesis, as well as a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia, particularly in patients with a high IPSS score. The advent of use of hematopoietic growth factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) has improved symptoms in MDS patients in addition to some data that suggest there might be an improvement in survival. G-CSF is an effective therapeutic option in MDS patients, and it should be considered for the management of refractory symptomatic cytopenias. G-CSF and EPO in combination can improve outcomes in appropriate MDS patients such as those with lower-risk MDS and refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS). This article reviews use of growth factors for lower-risk MDS patients, and examines the data for G-CSF, EPO and thrombopietic growth factors (TPO) that are available or being developed as therapeutic modalities for this challenging disease.