• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

A sedimentation basin for agricultural water quality improvement was researched to analyze the water quality purification characteristics. The sedimentation basin constructed at the inlet of Gamdon reservoir in Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do was selected as the research field of this study. The surface area of the sedimentation basin is $34,000m^2$, volume is $122,000m^3$, and hydraulic retention time is 0.3hr~7.3day. The average influent loading of SS was 156.6kg-SS/d, and the effluent loading was 67.5kg-SS/d with the average removal rate of 56.9%. The average influent loadings of BOD and COD were 33.0kg-BOD/d and 60.3kg-COD/d respectively, and the effluent loadings were 26.4kg-BOD/d and 48.6kg-COD/d with the average removal rate of 20.1% and 19.3% respectively. Therefore, the results of this study show that a sedimentation basin can purify SS and organic matters. The average influent loadings of T-N and T-P were 28.7kg-TN/d and 2.97kg-TP/d respectively, and the effluent loadings were 16.3kg-TN/d and 1.41kg-TP/d with the average removal rate of 43.0% and 52.6% respectively. In conclusion, the overall results of this study show that a sedimentation basin is a feasible alternative to purify organic matters and nutrients.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1189-1197
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the nutrient removal using Mg-Sericite flocculant in the dyeing wastewater. Mg-Sericite flocculant was removed successfully > 98% of the Color, SS. COD and BOD in the dyeing wastewater at the following optimal Mg-Sericite dosage: 100 mg/L for Colour and SS, 300 mg/L for BOD and COD. The removal of TN and TP was obtained 92.00% with 50 mg/L and 87.80% with 100 mg/L Mg-Sericite dosage, respectively. These results was indicated that the amount of 0.79~1.31, 0.22~0.37, 0.5 and 0.16 mg/L Mg-Sericite was necessary for 1 mg/L removal BOD, COD, TN and TP, respectively. The biopolymer, Mg-Sericite, can be a promising flocculants due to its high efficiency and low dose requirements. In addition, Mg-Sericite does not contaminate treated wastewater, which can be recycled to reduce not only the cost and the demand for water but also the extra operational costs for reusing wastewater. This flocculation method is helpful to lower the wastewater treatment cost.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.292-300
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• 2016

담수호 수질오염방지를 위해 유역종합대책과 호내 대책으로 수질오염방지 종합대책 수립 및 인공습지를 적용하였다. 본 연구는 화성호 수질 개선 및 자연생태계 보호를 위한 호소 수변지역 인공습지 조성에 따른 수질정화 효율과 인공습지 효율 제고를 위한 설계 고려사항을 도출하기 위하여 수행하였다. 연구대상 시설은 경기도 화성시에 위치한 인공습지 시스템으로forebay와 wetland로 구성되어 있다. 모니터링은 강우시 2회, 건기시 10회 수행하였으며, 분석 결과 인공습지 유입 및 유출의 유속은 COD와 TN의 부하량과 높은 상관성을 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 인공습지의 forebay 지점에서 건기시에는 COD, TN 및 TP의 농도가 감소하는 것으로 조사되었으며, 비 강우시에 비해 강우시에 저감효율이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 강우시에 인공습지에 유입되는 양에 비해 유출되는 양이 상당히 작은 것으로 강우유출수 저감 효과에 뛰어난 것으로 분석되었다. 건기시 및 강우시의 인공습지의 전반적인 효율의 경우 TSS는 50% 이상, TP는 20~35%으로 조사되었으며, TN은 26~94%로써 다른 오염물질에 비하여 높은 저감효율을 나타냈다. 이러한 모니터링 자료는 향후 담수호 수질정화효율 증대를 위한 인공습지 설계 시 중요한 자료를 제공할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.509-517
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 도심지역 중소하천의 효율적인 수질정화를 위해 물리화학적, 생물학적 처리공정을 결합한 장치형 하천수질정화공법의 적용성을 평가하는데 있다. 본 연구의 하천정화시설은 TSS 및 TP 제거를 위한 가압부상(Micro Bubble Process, MBP)공정과, BOD 제거를 위한 관로형 미생물 부착(Attached Microbial Pipe System, AMPS)공정으로 구성하였다. 각 장치의 실험 조건은 MBP 공정의 부상조 체류시간 및 초미세기포 주입량 변화와 AMPS 공정의 체류시간의 변화를 설정하였다. 또한 계절 변화에 따른 각 공정의 오염원 제거효율을 평가하였다. 각 공정의 연속운전 결과 MBP 공정에서는 최대 TSS 83.69%, TP 95.15%의 처리효율을 나타냈으며, AMPS 공정의 TBOD5 제거효율은 최대 53.0%를 나타냈다. 또한 각 공정의 순환운전 결과 MBP 공정에 의해 최대 TSS 69.75%, TP 70.17%의 처리효율을 나타냈으며, AMPS 공정에 의해 TBOD5 제거효율은 최대 68.58%를 나타냈다. 따라서 본 하천정화시설은 도심지역 내 오염된 하천의 수질을 개선하는데 효과적이라고 사료된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2019

최근 강우시 수계로 유출되는 비점오염물질로 인한 수질오염의 문제를 해결하고자 저영향개발(Low Impact development, LID)을 적용하고 있다. LID 시설 중 침투도랑 (Infiltration trench, IT) 과 침투화분 (Infiltration Planter, IP) 은 높은 침투율 및 침강지를 통한 오염물질 제거와 식생을 통한 영양염류 저감효율이 높다. 따라서 본 과제에서는 장기간 모니터링을 통한 침투도랑(IT)과 침투화분(IP)의 영양염류 오염물질 제거효율에 대해 분석하였다. 침투도랑(IT)과 침투화분(IP) 두 시설 모두 TSS 약 84%, TP 약 76%이상으로 제거효율이 높은것으로 나타났는데 이는 인의 화합물과 퇴적물간의 이온교환으로 인한 것으로 나타났다. 질소의 경우 침투화분시설(IP)의 제거효율이 침투도랑(IT)에 비해 약 28% 높은것으로 분석되었다. 이는 침투도랑(IT) 내 여재와 침강지에서의 침전을 통한 입자성 질소를 제거하는데 효과적이었으며, 암모늄질소(NH₄-N)와 아질산염 질소(NO₂-N)의 감소 및 질소(NO₃-N)의 증가는 질산화 및 탈질산화로 인한것으로 나타났다. 침투도랑(IT 모니터링 이벤트 중 강우강도가 11mm/hr로 강한 강우사상에서의 TN 및 TP의 저감효율은 각 34% 및 55%로 저감효율이 낮았으나, 5mm이하의 강우강도에서의 저감효율은 약 100%로 높은것으로 분석됬다. 반면 침투화분시설(IP)은 최대 강우강도 27mm/hr에서도 TN 및 TP의 저감효율은 97%이상으로 높은것으로 나타났다. 두 시설 모두 영양염류의 제거효율은 좋은것으로 나타났으나, 시설용량 및 HRT가 높고 시설 내 식생이 적용된 침투화분시설(IP)이 영양염류 제거효율이 더 높은것으로 분석되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.705-714
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• 2008

Three Mesh Screenning Reactors (MSRs) were operated in three different modes to investigate the effect of the mesh opening size and the filtrate flux on the removal of particulate matters and the production of soluble organic matters. The mesh opening size was $82{\mu}m$ (Mode 1), $61{\mu}m$ (Mode 2) and $38{\mu}m$ (Mode 3), respectively, and each mode has three different filtrate flux; $0.47m^3/m^2/d$, $0.95m^3/m^2/d$ and $1.42m^3/m^2/d$, respectively. TSS removal efficiency of mode 1, 2, and 3 fed with 191 mgTSS/L was 27%, 36%, and 60%, respectively. The SCOD concentration of 91mg/L in influent for the mode 1, 2, and 3 increased to 117 mg/L, 127 mg/L, and 155 mg/L, respectively. For the all MSRs, there was no significant effect of filtrate flux on the removal of particulate matters and the production of soluble organic matters. However, the mesh opening size greatly affected the removal of particulate matters and the production of soluble organic matters in wastewater. Three parallel A2O processes consisting of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic reactors maintaining mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) of 3,000 mg/L were operated to investigate the effectiveness of MSR on the removal efficiencies of the organic matters, nitrogen, and phosphorus; MSR influent was introduced to System 1 (183 mgTSS/L, 324 mgTCOD/L, 87 mgSCOD/L, 45.2 mgTKN/L, and 6.6 mgTP/L) and MSR efluent was introduced to System 2 and 3(72 mgTSS/L, 289 mgTCOD/L, 141 mgSCOD/L, 40.2 mgTKN/L, and 4.2 mgTP/L). HRTs of the anaerobic reactors in systems 1, 2 and 3 were 1 h, 1 h and 0.6 h, respectively and anoxic reactors were 2 h in all systems. HRTs of the aerobic reactors in systems 1, 2 and 3 were 5 h, 3 h and 3 h, respectively. TSS concentration in effluent of both system 2 and 3 is about 8 mg/L and lower than that of system 1 effluent. Despite higher TCOD loading and SCOD loading, both Systems 2 and 3 had a greater TCOD and SCOD removal efficiency at 91% and 92% than System 1 was at 88% and 82%, respectively. The nitrification efficiency for system 2 was greater than observed for System 1 (99% verses 97%). The denitrification efficiency for systems 1, 2 and 3 was 78%, 88% and 87%, respectively. System 2 and 3 showed about 12% higher TN removal efficiency than system 1 (85% verses 73%). The effluent TP concentration for system 2 was less than observed for system 1 and 3.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 경기도 고양시 소재 I 수질복원센터의 공정별 유량과 총인(TP) 농도를 활용하여 2015년도 기준 TP 물질수지도를 작성하고, 이를 분석하여 하수처리시설에서 인(P)을 회수할 수 있는 최적의 단위공정을 실증적으로 선정하고자 하였다. 인 회수공정의 도입 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 유량, TP농도, TP부하량 및 SS에 대한 정량적 지표를 제안하는 한편, 이를 I 수질복원센터에 적용하였다. 또한 I 수질복원센터의 탈수여액을 대상으로 인 회수공정의 도입 가능성에 대한 기초실험을 실시하였다. TP 물질수지를 분석한 결과, 하수처리장 유입수에 비해 유량은 1/16로 적지만 TP농도는 약 78배, TP부하량은 4.8배에 달하는 반류수 계통을 대상으로 인을 회수하는 것이 하수처리시설 전체의 TP부하를 저감하는데 유효한 것으로 나타났다. 반류수 계통의 단위공정들을 대상으로 본 연구에서 제안한 정량적 지표를 활용하여 인 회수공정의 도입 가능성을 상세히 평가한 결과, (잉여농축조 상징액+잉여저류조 월류수) 또는 탈수여액이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, TP농도가 141.5 mg/L에 달하는 탈수여액을 대상으로 결정화에 의한 인 회수 기초실험을 실시하였다. 탈수여액의 pH를 10으로 조정한 후 칼슘이온($Ca^{2+}$)을 각각 250, 500, 1000 mg/L씩 주입하여 완속교반을 실시하였다. 기초실험 결과 탈수여액 중의 $PO_4-P$ 및 TP를 95% 이상 제거할 수 있는 것으로 나타나 인 회수공정의 도입 가능성이 확인되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

The waste water treatment facility at rural and mountainous region in catchment areas of dams should be small scale. The wastewater treatment facility of small scale has some specification as follows;1)simple process, 2)low maintenance cost, and 3)high removal efficiency. So, we developed the bioreactor which can be satisfied with the specification of small scale waste water treatment facility. The bioreactor consisted of the anoxic and oxic zone. The two zones were effectively separated by cone type baffle. By the effective separation through CTB, the nitrification and denitrification reaction occurred effectively. Therefore, the removal efficiency of total nitorgen (TN) increased compared to other types of baffle. And, we put into the bio activated media in oxic zone to increase the concentration and activity of microbiology. The media contained the components which were made of many kinds of the minerals to increase the activity of microbiology. Additionally, we observed that the phosphate removal efficiency increased by bio activated media. This is resulted from the coagulation-sedimentation reaction by mineral in components. The average removal efficiencies of TN and TP during Run 2 were 69 and 89% which were 4 and 25% higher than those during Run 1 without the MA, respectively. For BOD, COD, SS and TKN, the average removal efficiencies at Run 2 were slightly higher than those at Run 1. Therefore, we could maintain the high concentration and high activity of microbiology through bioreactor developed in this study. And the removal efficiency of TN and TP increased.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.178-189
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• 2024

This work aims to investigate the efficiency of electrocoagulation (EC) of pistachio processing industrial wastewater (PPIW) using the continuous EC process. The tubular reactor made of stainless steel with an internal diameter of 60 mm was used as a cathode electrode. The effect of some parameters was examined on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenols (TP) removal efficiency. The influences of the initial pH of wastewater (from 4 to 8), flow rate (from 25 to 125 mL/min), current density (from 7 to 21 mA/cm²), and supporting electrolyte type (NaCl, NaNO₃, and Na₂SO₄), supporting electrolyte concentration (from 10 to 100 mg/L NaCl) on removal efficiency were investigated to determine the best experimental conditions. The examination of the physico-chemical parameters during the EC treatment showed that the best removal efficiency was obtained under conditions where the flow rate was 25 mL/min (20 min reaction time), the pH value was 5.2, and the current density was 21 mA/cm² has set. Under these experimental conditions, COD and TP removal efficiency were found to be 75% and 97%, respectively, while energy consumption was 18.5 kW h/m³. The study results show that the EC can be applied to PPIW pre-treatment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2014

The aim of this study was evaluated the effects of total rainfall, rainfall intensity and antecedent dry days and identify the correlation analysis with the EMC removal efficiency, in order to provide an understanding of the operation and maintenance factors of constructed wetland in flood pumping station. This study was conducted total of 20 monitoring in a catchment(326.2 ha) of constructed wetland in Ga-un flood pumping station located at the downstream of the Wang-suk stream. The determined EMC removal efficiencies were $36.04{\pm}9.45%$ for BOD, $38.50{\pm}13.50%$ for $COD_{Mn}$, $34.34{\pm}13.05%$ for TN and $34.22{\pm}14.27%$ for TP, respectively. These results showed that the pollutants concentration and EMC were reduced while passing through the constructed wetland. In the correlation analysis, the highly correlations with EMC removal efficiency of BOD and $COD_{Mn}$ were observed for total rainfall and rainfall intensity (P<0.05). However, the correlations were not found with TN and TP for rainfall variables.