• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2005

저자는 2000년 1월부터 2003년 12월까지 부산대학교병원 구강내과에 측두하악관절장애를 주소로 내원한 환자 중 임상검사와 방사선검사를 시행하여 측두하악관절의 골관절염으로 진단되어, 초진 시와 종결 시에 골스캔과 SPECT를 각각 촬영한 환자 27명을 대상으로 골스캔의 SUR 와 SPECT의 온점의 개수를 치료 전, 후로 비교하고 병력, 기여요인, 증상, 치료방법, 치료기간 등을 기준으로 골스캔의 SUR 과 SPECT의 온점의 개수를 비교 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 골관절염에 이환된 관절군에서 치료 전 골스캔의 SUR 과 SPECT의 온점의 개수가 골관절염에 이환되지 않은 관절군에 비해 유의하게 높은 소견을 보였다(P<0.05). 2. 골관절염에 이환된 관절에서 치료 전 골스캔의 SUR 과 SPECT 온점의 개수가 보존적 치료 후에 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.01). 3. 교합장치를 이용해서 치료한 군에서 골스캔의 SUR 과 SPECT 온점의 개수가 치료 후에 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.01,P<0.05). 4. 만성군에서 치료 전 골스캔의 SUR 과 SPECT의 온점이 치료 후에 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 5. 관절음에 대한 불편감 정도가 낮은 환자군의 치료 전 골스캔의 SUR과 SPECT의 온점의 개수가 치료 후에 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.01). 6. 외상 병력이 없고, 악습관이 있고, 정신사회적 배경이 없는 환자일수록 골스캔의 SUR과 SPECT의 온점의 개수가 치료전에 비해 치료후에 현저히 낮았다. 7. 초진 시 골스캔의 SUR과 SPECT의 온점의 개수가 높을수록 많은 치료기간이 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.279-283
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• 2000

Disc displacement, deformation, perforation or osteoarthritis may induce the joint space narrowing. This study was designed to get the normal joint space width which could be used as a standard comparing with damaged joints. Twenty asymptomatic volunteers' MR images were evaluated and coronal images of thirty joints having normal disc position in sagittal and coronal views, were selected. The joint spaces were measured at center, medial and lateral side on the coronal views. In normal joints, the mean joint space was $3.57{\pm}0.63mm$ at center, $2.77{\pm}0.51mm$ at medial and $2.41{\pm}0.41mm$ at lateral side of mandibular condyle. The mean of joint space of male was wider than that of female at center, but not significantly different at medial and lateral side of the condyle.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to perform a pattern analysis in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) resulting from unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis. Methods: Thirty participants with signs or symptoms of TMD who engaged in unilateral mastication due to periodontitis-related discomfort (test group) were selected. Another 30 subjects exhibiting signs or symptoms of TMD resulting from unilateral mastication not due to chronic periodontitis (control group) were also recruited. An interview-based questionnaire was administered, and an examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with determination of periodontal status was performed. Results: The duration of unilateral mastication was significantly longer in the control group than in the test group. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of unilateral mastication and the Community Periodontal Index score. Using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) axis I algorithms, all the subjects were assigned to 3 main groups. The test group exhibited significantly a higher diagnostic distribution of group III (arthralgia, osteoarthritis, or osteoarthrosis), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the non-chewing side. The control group showed a significantly higher diagnostic distribution of group I (myofacial pain), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the chewing side. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis could induce not only pain but also structural TMJ changes if adequate treatment is not administered and supported within a short time from the onset of the condition. Therefore, immediate treatment of chronic periodontitis is recommended to prevent not only the primary progress of periodontal disease, but also secondary TMJ-related problems. Furthermore, subjects who have suffered chronic long-term periodontitis without treatment should be urged to undergo a TMJ examination.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.497-503
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to induce artificial arthritis on rabbit TMJ by injecting collagenase. Materials and Methods: An experimental animal model of arthritis induced by surgical method or intraarticular injection of chemical agent like LDH, papain, ketorolac. Surgical method is complex and needs a long time in inducing arthritis. Intra-articular injection of chemical agent like LDH, papain, ketorolac is simple. But chemical agent like LDH, papain, ketololac needs multiple injections to induce arthritis and mechanism inducing arthritis was known. Collagenase destroys helical domain of type II collagen in extracellular matrix produced by chondrocyte and then induces arthritis. We injected collagenase (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg) into the temporomandibular joint of rabbit. In the control group saline was intra-articularly injected. The condylar cartilage, disk and synovia were histologically examined at 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks after the initiation of collagenase injections. Results: Four weeks after injection of 2.0 mg collagenase, we could see histologic change like arthritis. In other groups, we couldn't see arthritis-like change. Conclusion: In our study, we produce arthritis on temporomandibular joint of rabbit by using injection of collagenase in temporomandibular joint of rabbit. And this experimental osteoarthritis is a useful animal model.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2012

2007년부터 2011년까지 부산대학교 병원 구강내과를 내원한 측두하악장애 환자 중 임상 검사 및 방사선 검사, cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) 영상 촬영 결과 측두하악장애 골관절염으로 진단된 환자 114명 228개의 관절을 대상으로, 치료 후 6~35.5개월(평균 10개월)후 CBCT를 재촬영하고, 임상 검사를 실시하였다. 구강내과 전문의와 구강악안면방사선과 전문의가 영상 진단을 하였고, 임상 검사 결과와 CBCT의 영상 결과를 추적 연구 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 측두하악관절 관절염의 골변화 양상은 다음과 같다. 1) 관절염의 골변화 진행 양상은 대부분 초기 상태를 유지하였다. 2) 침식은 침식, 편평화, 정상 관절, 골경화, 골증식체 순으로 골변화 진행 양상이 나타났다. 3) 편평화는 편평화, 골증식체, 정상 관절 및 골경화 순으로 진행 양상이 나타났다. 4) 골증식체는 골증식체, 침식, 골경화, 편평화 순으로 진행 양상이 나타났다. 5) 골경화는 골경화, 골증식체, 침식, 정상 관절 순으로 진행 양상이 나타났다. 2. 골변화에 따른 임상 증상의 변화는 다음과 같다. 1) 침식은 침식으로 유지된 경우 통증, 관절음, 개구제한, 최대 편이 개구량 모두 증상 개선이 있었고, 편평화로 이행된 경우 통증, 개구제한, 최대 편이 개구량에서, 정상 관절면으로 이행된 경우 통증, 관절음, 개구제한에서 증상 개선이 있었다. 침식에서 침식으로 유지된 경우 보다 침식에서 편평화로 이행된 경우 최대 편이 개구량에 있어 개선 효과가 높았다. 2) 편평화는 편평화로 유지된 경우 통증, 관절음, 개구제한에서 증상 개선을 보여 주었고, 편평화가 골경화로 이행된 경우, 개구제한에 있어 유의성있는 증상 개선을 보여주었다. 3) 골증식체가 골증식체로 유지된 경우 통증, 개구제한, 최대 편이 개구량에서 증상 개선 효과가 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.373-382
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• 2000

Temporomandibular disorders arised from joint itself was caused by inflammation or mechanical irritation of the retrodiskal tissues. Histologic changes of the retrodiskal tissues of temporomandibular joint(TMJ) internal derangement, such as inflammatory cell infiltration, hyalinization, myxoid change, fatty change, arterial obliteration, and so on, were reported, but relationships between magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings and histologic findings of the retrodiskal tissue were few reported. The purpose of this study was to find histologic changes of the retrodiskal tissues for status of joint and joint effusion in MRI of the temporomandibular joint which had surgical treatment. Materials were surgically treated 52 temporomandibular joints with internal derangement or osteoarthritis in TMJ clinic, Yongdong Severance Hospital. All joints were confirmed by magnetic resonance T1- and T2-weighted imagings bofere surgery. Status of joint was categorized by normal position, disc displacement with reduction, disc displacement without reduction, disc displacement without reduction associated with osteoarthrosis using preoperative MR T1-weighted images. Magnetic resonance evidence of joint effusion was observed in T2-weighted images and classified by its amount; degree 0(not observed), degree 1(small amount), degree 2(moderate amount), degree 3(large amount). Histologic features were observed whether the retrodiskal tissue has inflammatory cell infiltration, myxoid change, hyalinization, chondroid metaplasia and arterial obliteration. The distribution of elastic fibers were also observed. The results were as follows; 1. Inflammatory cell infiltration was not observed in any retrodiskal tissues. 2. MRI findings such as status of joint and evidence of joint effusion did not have significant relationship with myxoid change, hyalinization, chondroid metaplasia, arterial obliteration of the retrodiskal tissues. 3. Hyalinization and chondroid metaplasia were found in 8 joints(15.4%) and 5 joints(9.6%). All of them were found in disc displacement without reduction and disc displacement without reduction associated with osteoarthrosis. 4. Arterial obliteration was observed more frequently in disc displacement without reduction(55.6%) than disc displacement without reduction associated with osteoarthrosis(28.6%). Further studies with proper controls and more materials will be necessary.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

2005년부터 2007년까지 진주 OOO치과의원 턱관절/구강안면통증클리닉에 내원한 측두하악장애환자 95명, 190개의 관절을 대상으로 한 명의 검사자가 측두하악관절장애 분석검사와 파노라마영상검사를 엄격히 시행하고, CBCT영상을 촬영하여 구강내과 전문의와 치과방사선과 전문의가 각각 영상진단 하였으며, 임상적 진단과 CBCT영상의 결과를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 구강내과 전문의와 치과방사선과 전문의에 의한 CBCT의 영상진단의 일치도(Kappa: 0.681)가 높았다. 2. 파노라마영상과 CBCT의 영상진단과의 일치도(Kappa: 0.169)가 낮으며, 파노라마영상에서 골변화의 위음성이 높았다. 3. 임상적으로 비퇴행성골관절염으로 진단된 관절 중 CBCT의재진단시 54.2%에서 골변화가 관찰되었으며, 퇴행성골관절염으로 진단된 관절 중 CBCT의 재진단시 15.3%에서 골변화가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다. 4. 관절통은 침식성 골변화에서 높게 나타났으며, 골증식체의 골변화에서 염발음이 가장 많이 나타났으며 병력기간도 가장 길었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.520-527
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• 2010

Introduction: This study examined the treatment patterns of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) including conservative and surgical procedures. Materials and Methods: Patients with TMD who visited Gangnam Severance Hospital from June 2007 to May 2008 were enrolled in this study. All patients were examined from the orthopantomogram, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tomography, and a clinical examination. The patients who required a further evaluation were examined by magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography. The treatment patterns were divided into counseling, medication, splint therapy, botulinum toxin injection (BTI) and surgical treatment. Results: Among the 2,464 patients, the average age was 31.8 years (ranging from 6 to 93); 764 (31.0%) were male and 1,700 (69.0%) were female. 2,355 (95.6%) patients were treated with conservative therapy; 1,460 (62.0%) patients were treated with medication, 931 (39.5%) patients were treated with splint, and 46 (2.0%) were treated with BTI. There were 109 (4.4%) patients treated surgically. Eight (0.3%) patients were treated with total temporomandibular joint replacement surgery. Conclusion: Almost all patients with TMD were treated using conservative methods. Those patients who received surgical treatment because of an ineffective response to conservative treatment had definite problems with the internal derangement and/or osteoarthritis or had severe clinical symptoms.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2007

본 연구는 측두하악장애가 관절과 근육 등 다양한 구조물에 이환되는 복합적인 질환을 통칭하는 용어인 점을 고려하여 이환 구조물에 따라 세부 진단군으로 분류하여 최대교합력을 조사함으로써 진단에 따른 교합력의 차이 및 치료 전후의 교합력 변화를 평가하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 단국대학교 치과대학 부속병원 구강내과에 내원한 측두하악장애 환자 중 교합이 비교적 정상이고 치아상실이나 치주질환이 심하지 않은 편측성 증상과 징후를 환자 중에서 치료가 종결된 환자 36명 (남:여=7:29, 평균연령 $28.1{\pm}13.7$세)을 대상으로 하였다. 첫 내원시에 교합력측정기를 이용하여 이환측 및 비이환측의 견치와 제1대구치에서 최대교합력을 측정하여 비교한 다음, 치료가 종결된 상태에서 다시 한번 최대교합력을 측정, 비교하였다. 통계분석을 위해 paired t-test, ANOVA, multiple comparison t-tests를 사용하였다. 연구의 결과, 견치에서는 증상측과 비증상측 모두 치료 전에 비해 치료 후 최대교합력이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이며 증가했으며,(p=0.001, p=0.000) 제1대구치에서는 증상측에서만 다소 증가된 경향을 보여주었다.(p=0.081) 치료전후의 최대교합력의 변화는 견치에서 뚜렷하게 나타났으나 측두하악장애를 이환 조직에 따라 저작근장애군, 관절내장증군, 관절염증군 및 골관절염군으로 나누어 비교했을 때 증상측 구치부에서 각 진단군간에 유의한 차이를 보여주었고,(p=0.023) 견치에서는 일부 군에서만 차이가 관찰되었다. 견치와 제1대구치 모두에서 골관절염군의 최대 교합력이 다른 군과 비교하여 가장 낮았는데, 이는 통증과 정형적 불안정이 교합력의 감소를 유발한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 치료전후의 차이는 저작근장애군과 관절내장증군에서는 증상측에서 유의하게 관찰된 반면, 골관절염군에서는 비증상측에서 유의하게 관찰되었다(p<0.05). 즉, 본 연구는 근육 또는 관절 기원의 통증, 기능이상, 정형적 불안정은 최대교합력의 감소를 야기하며 이는 보존적인 치료 후에 회복됨을 보여주는데, 치료 전후의 변화는 제1대구치보다 견치에서 뚜렷하게 나타났음을 시사한다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2005

In the progression of the Temporomandibular Joint Disorder(TMD), not only deformation and perforation of disc occur. But also fibrotic adhesion and inflammatory changes to the retrodiscal tissue can be seen in addition to the condylar degenerative change (e.g. osteoarthritis). However, the correct diagnosis,?planning for appropriate treatment, and prediction of prognosis are limited, because there are no means to stage the progression of the disorder. In this study relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue in MRI and the synovial fluid concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and Interleukin-6(IL-6) in the 23 temporomandibular joints(TMJ), from 17 patients with TMD were evaluated as a possible diagnostic marker. The relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue was referenced to brain gray matter with same region of interest(ROI) size. The concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-6 were evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The collected data were compared with condylar degenerative change, joint effusion and disc position observed in MRI. The relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue was increased significantly when degenerative changes were present. In addition, there was significantly high signal intensity in the presence of a disc displaced without reduction. The concentration of IL-6 was significantly increased when condylar degenerative change was no observed. And there were no changes in the levels of IL-6 according to disc position and joint effusion measurement. Moreover, there were no significant relevance between the concentration of total MMP-2 and active MMP-9 in synovial fluid, relative to degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle, to joint effusion, and to disc position observed on MRI images. In conclusion, the relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue can be regarded as a mean of diagnosing the procession of TMD in a non-invasive manner. But more additional studies are required for the levels of MMP-2. MMP-9, and IL-6 to determine their potentials as a diagnostic marker for TMD.