• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.888-897
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• 2016

Stable expression of Foxp3 is ensured by demethylation of CpG motifs in the Foxp3 intronic element, the conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2), which persists throughout the lifespan of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, little is known about the mechanisms on how CNS2 demethylation is sustained. In this study, we found that Ten-Eleven-Translocation (Tet) DNA dioxygenase protects the CpG motifs of CNS2 from re-methylation by DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) and prevents Tregs from losing Foxp3 expression under inflammatory conditions. Upon stimulation of Tregs by interleukin-6 (IL6), Dnmt1 was recruited to CNS2 and induced methylation, which was inhibited by Tet2 recruited by IL2. Tet2 prevented CNS2 re-methylation by not only the occupancy of the CNS2 locus but also by its enzymatic activity. These results show that the CNS2 methylation status is dynamically regulated by a balance between Tets and Dnmts which influences the expression of Foxp3 in Tregs.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analysis of marginal adaptation of metal cores fabricated by selective laser sintering. Methods: Main model was prepared and ten stone models were fabricated. Ten single metal cores were fabricated by selective laser sintering(SLS group) and another ten single metal cores using lost wax technique and casting method were manufactured(CAST group). The marginal adaptation of metal cores were analysis using by the silicone replica technique. Silicone replicas were sectioned two times. The marginal adaptations were measured using by digital microscope. Statistical analyses was performed with independent t-test(${\bullet}{\cdot}=0.05$). Results: Means of marginal adaptations were 90.3 ${\ss}{\uparrow}$ for SLS group and 65.1 ${\ss}{\uparrow}$ for CAST group. Two groups were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Marginal adaptation of metal cores fabricated by selective laser sintering were ranged within the clinical recommendation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.566-571
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• 1997

To gain further insight into how estrogens modulate cell function, the effects of estrogen on cell proliferation were studied inhuman breast cancer cells. We examined the effects of estrogen on the proliferation of three human breast cancer cell lines that differed in their estrogen receptor contents. Ten nM estradiol markedly stimulated the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells that contained high levels of estrogen receptor $1.15{\pm}0.03 pmole/mg protein)$(over that of control. In T47D cells that contained low levels of estrogen receptor $0.23{\pm}0.05 pmole/mg protein)$, Ten nM estrogen slightly stimulated the proliferation over that of control. MDA-MB-231 cells, that contained no detectable levels of estrogen receptors, had their growth unaffected by estrogen. These results showed their sensitivity to growth stimulation by estrogen correlated well with their estrogen receptor content. Also we examined the effect of estrogen on cellular progesterone receptor level as well as plasminogen activator activity in MCF-7 cells. Ten nM estradiol showed maximal stimulation of progesterone receptor level as well as plasminogen activator activity in MCF-7 cells. It is not clear whether these stimulations of progesterone receptor and plasminogen activator activity by estrogen are related to the estrogen stimulation of cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Studies with estrogen in human breast cancer cells in culture indicate that sensitivity to growth stimulation by estrogen correlates well with estrogen receptor contents.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the cumulative fatigue of trunk muscles andthe period of recovery time during repetitive lifting and lowering tasks with symmetric and asymmetric postures.Ten subjects participated in the experiment. Subjects had 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 minutes recovery time respectivelywhile they were performing the lifting and lowering task repeatedly for 3 minutes with the weight equivalent to25% level of MVC. EMG signals from ten trunk muscles were collected and the fatigue level was analyzedquantitatively. In results, the local muscle fatigue was no longer accumulated when 5 minutes recovery time wasgiven in symmetric position. For asymmetric position, it took longer minutes to prevent the fatigue accumul-ation. Different trunk muscles indicated slightly different recovery patterns in terms of MPF (Mean Powerfrequency) value.This result would help ergonomist design the length of recovery time to control the cumulative fatigue of trunkmuscles in industry with repetitive lifting and lowering task.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2012

Objective: The Work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) have been a problem on industrial occupational safety and health in Korean shipyard industry. It has been a big social problem. Background: As a result, Korean government enacted a law to prevent musculoskeletal disorders at work and some major companies have already implemented an ergonomics program. Method: This paper presents a study on the effect of an ergonomics program in a Korean shipbuilding company during the last ten years. Conclusion: The Incidence of WMSDs, the worker's compensation cost and the lost time were decreased after implementation of the ergonomics program. Application: The results of the publishing will help efficient operation of MSDs prevention activity in other companies.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2000

This study was conducted on ten golf courses in the vicinity of Yongin city to find out the kinds of algae and factors affecting algae development on creeping bentgrass greens. 1. Serious algae contamination was observed on almost of creeping bentgrass greens after and before rainy season. 2. There were ten kinds of algae occurred on creeping bentgrass greens, most of which were Oscillatoria spp. (bluegreen algae) 3. The fact that the same kind of algae inhabiting in the pond was observed on greens indicated that greens were easily contaminated by algae in case of greens watered with the pond. 4. This study showed that the main factor affecting algae contamination on greens was not high total nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the green soil, but pond watering.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.48-53
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate age, noise intensity, work period, hearing loss at frequencies, hypertension and to examine correlation of the total quantity of noise exposure(Dose) and blood pressure (Response) in the auto industry during May 1987-December 1987. To perform this study 65 workers were tested. Results of this study were as follows: 1. In frequency analysis, the CS-dip phenomenon occurred around 4000 Hz. 2. Between under of ten years group and over of ten years group, average hearing loss value was statitically significant (P < 0.05). 3. The prevalence of hypertension of 65 workers was 7.84% . 4. At 90dB(A) over and 10 years under and workers in the 20's group, the total quantity of noise exposure (Dose) and systolic blood pressure (Response) were statistically significant (P < 0.05). 5. At under 10 years of work period group, the total quantity of noise exposure(Dose) and diastolic blood pressure (Response) were statistically significant(r =0.234, P < 0.1).

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

Dyeing liquor was extracted from flowers, leaves and stems of balsamine. Dyeing properties, colorfastness and antibacterial activities of the fabrics dyed with the balsamine extracts were investigated at a variety of dyeing conditions of differing pH. time and temperature. Wool, silk and nylon fabrics showed better dyeability than cellulosic fabrics, i.e. cotton, linen and rayon. Especially, nylon fabrics showed the highest K/S values. The dye-uptake was achieved to the highest degree during the first ten minutes of dyeing procedure. All fabrics were dyed well at $40^\circ{C}$ with no pH adjustment. The pH of unadjusted balsamine extracts was 4.6. Their colorfastnesses to washing, drycleaning and perspiration were good as 4 or 4-5 grade. but the light fastnesses were poor as 1-2 grade. While, the antibacterial activities to Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were excellent with 99.9% of colonies reduction ratio. Their excellent antibacterial activity was kept well after ten times washing.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2014

This study presents an application of adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) to solving the bi-level job-shop scheduling problem (JSP). The test problem presented here is $10{\times}10$ JSP (ten jobs and ten machines) with tribottleneck machines formulated as a bi-level formulation. APSO is used to solve the test problem and the result is compared with the result solved by basic PSO. The results of the test problem show that the results from APSO are significantly different when compared with the result from basic PSO in terms of the upper level objective value and the iteration number in which the best solution is first identified, but there is no significant difference in the lower objective value. These results confirmed that the quality of solutions from APSO is better than the basic PSO. Moreover, APSO can be used directly on a new problem instance without the exercise to select parameters.

• 치과방사선
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.289-297
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to assess the resolution and focal spot size of dental X-ray machines. Fifty dental X-ray machines were selected for measuring resolution and focal spot size. These machines were used in general dental clinics. The time of installation of the X-ray machine varies from 1 year to 10 years. The resolution of these machines was measured with the test pattern. The focal spot size of these machines was measured with the star test pattern. The following results were obtained: 1. The resolution of dental intraoral X-ray machines was not significantly changed in ten years. 2. The focal spot size of dental intraoral X-ray machines was not significantly increased in ten years. The statistical analysis between the mean focal spot size and nominal focal spot size was significant at the 0.05 level about the more than 3 years used machines.