• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.931-956
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• 2019

Documents contain information that can be used for various applications, such as question answering (QA) system, information retrieval (IR) system, and recommendation system. To use the information, it is necessary to develop a method of extracting such information from the documents written in a form of natural language. There are several kinds of the information (e.g., temporal information, spatial information, semantic role information), where different kinds of information will be extracted with different methods. In this paper, the existing studies about the methods of extracting the temporal information are reported and several related issues are discussed. The issues are about the task boundary of the temporal information extraction, the history of the annotation languages and shared tasks, the research issues, the applications using the temporal information, and evaluation metrics. Although the history of the tasks of temporal information extraction is not long, there have been many studies that tried various methods. This paper gives which approach is known to be the better way of extracting a particular part of the temporal information, and also provides a future research direction.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-4
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• 2013

With the recent development of the ubiquitous computing technology, there are increasing interest and research in technologies such as sensors and RFID related to information recognition and location positioning in various ubiquitous fields. Especially, RTLS (Real-Time Locating Services) dealing with spatio-temporal data is emerging as a promising technology. For these reasons, the ISO/IEC published RTLS standard specification for compatibility and interoperability in RTLS. Therefore, in this paper, we designed and implemented Spatio-temporal Query Processing Systems for efficiently managing and searching the incoming Spatio-temporal data stream of moving objects. Spatio-temporal Query Processing Systems's spatio-temporal middleware maintains interoperability among heterogeneous devices and guarantees data integrity in query processing through real time processing of unceasing spatio-temporal data streams and two way synchronization of spatio-temporal DBMSs. Web Server uses the SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol) message between client and server for interoperability and translates client's SOAP message into CQL(Continuous Query Language) of the spatio-temporal middleware.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.218-221
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• 2016

Temporal hollowing is a common complication that occurs after coronal approach surgeries. However, temporal hollowing without previous nerve damage or trauma history is rare. Herein, we present a patient with cryptogenic temporal hollowing. A 22-year-old man without any history of craniofacial interventions or trauma presented with temporal hallowing. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed fatty degeneration of the left temporalis muscle. Electromyography and nerve conduction study showed no signs of neurologic abnormalities. The patient received autologous fat injection of 30 mL harvested from the left thigh using the modified Coleman technique. Temporal hollowing is commonly caused by atrophy of the superficial temporal fat pad. Its incidence is reported to be as high as 6% after coronal approach operation. Augmentation using porous hydroxyapatite or titanium mesh is a treatment option. Autologous fat graft can also be an option for mild to moderate temporal hollowing. In this case, a patient with no history of trauma, surgery, or myogenic disease developed temporal hollowing. Further study of the little-known cryptogenic form of temporal hollowing is warranted.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.365-369
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• 2010

Objective : There has been inconsistency about definition of the temporal stem despite of several descriptions demonstrating its microanatomy using fiber dissection and/or diffusion tensor tractography. This study was designed to clarify three dimensional configurations of the temporal stem. Methods : The fronto-temporal regions of several formalin-fixed human cerebral hemispheres were dissected under an operating microscope using the fiber dissection technique. The consecutive coronal cuts of the dissected specimens were made to define the relationships of white matter tracts comprising the temporal stem and the subcortical gray matters (thalamus, caudate nucleus, amygdala) with inferior limiting (circular) sulcus of insula. Results : The inferior limiting sulcus of insula, limen insulae, medial sylvian groove, and caudate nucleus/amygdala were more appropriate anatomical structures than the roof/dorso-lateral wall of the temporal horn and lateral geniculate body which were used to describe previously for delineating the temporal stem. The particular space located inside the line connecting the inferior limiting sulcus of insula, limen insulae, medial sylvian groove/amygdala, and tail of caudate nucleus could be documented. This space included the extreme capsule, uncinate fasciculus, inferior occipito-frontal fasciculus, anterior commissure, ansa peduncularis, and inferior thalamic peduncle including optic radiations, whereas the stria terminalis, cingulum, fimbria, and inferior longitudinal fiber of the temporal lobe were not passing through this space. Also, this continued posteriorly along the caudate nucleus and limiting sulcus of the insula. Conclusion : The temporal stem is white matter fibers passing through a particular space of the temporal lobe located inside the line connecting the inferior limiting sulcus of insula, limen insulae, medial sylvian groove/amygdala, and tail of caudate nucleus. The three dimensional configurations of the temporal stem are expected to give the very useful anatomical and surgical insights in the temporal lobe.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2018

Background: Atrophy of muscle and fat often contributes to temporal hollowing after pterional craniotomy. However, the main cause is from the bony defect. Several methods to prevent temporal hollowing have been introduced, all with specific limitations. Autologous bone grafts are most ideal for cranial defect reconstruction. The authors investigated the effectiveness of bony defect coverage and temporal augmentation using pterional craniotomy bone flap. Methods: This study was conducted in 100 patients who underwent brain tumor excision through pterional approach from 2015 to 2016. Group 1 underwent pterional craniotomy with temporal augmentation and group 2 without temporal augmentation. In group 1, after splitting the calvarial bone at the diploic space, the inner table was used for covering the bone defect and as an onlay graft for temporal augmentation. The outcome is evaluated by computed tomography at 1-year follow-up. Results: The mean operative time for temporal augmentation was 45 minutes. The mean follow-up was 12 months. The ratio of temporal thickness of operated side to non-operated side was 0.99 in group 1 and 0.44 in group 2, which was statistically different. The mean visual analogue scale score was 1.77 in group 1 and 6.85 in group 2. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a surgical technique using autologous bone graft for successfully preventing the temporal hollowing and improved patient satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.753-758
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• 2005

This study attempts at building an integrated GIS computing framework for evaluating space-time accessibility of an individual with the approach of time geography model. The proposed method is based on the integration of mobile GIS and object-relational spatio-temporal database. Three components are central to our system: ( i ) mobile GIS application that transmits spatio-temporal trajectory data of an individual; ( ii ) spatio-temporal database server that incorporates the time geography model; and (iii) geovisualization client that provides time geographic queries to the spatio-temporal database. As for the mobile GIS application, spatio-temporal trajectory data collected by GPS-PDA client is automatically transmitted to the database server through mobile data management middleware. The spatio-temporal database server implemented by extending a generic DBMS provides spatio-temporal objects, functions and query languages. The geovisualization client illustrates 3D visual results of the queries about space-time path. space-time prism and space-time accessibility. This study shows a method of integrating mobile GIS and DBMS for time geography application, and presents an appropriate spatio-temporal data model for evaluating space-time accessibility of an individual.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 2010

Posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery is very rare and occurs secondary to trauma. Clinical diagnosis is based on past history of trauma and physical examination and can be confirmed by duplex ultrasonogram, digital subtraction angiography, CT and MRI. Ligation of proximal and distal ends of the superficial temporal artery and excision of the pseudoaneurysm has been the standard treatment. Compressive therapy, endovascular coil embolization, percutaneous thrombin injection under ultrasound guidance have been reported as alternative treatment methods. When surgical excision of the superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm is performed, surgeon must be concerned about the anatomical relation between superficial temporal artery and temporal branches of the facial nerve. In this article, we report a rare case of superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm with some review of the literatures about anatomical relation between superficial temporal artery and temporal branches of facial nerve.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.359-375
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• 2019

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the nature of temporal non-use, namely, the type of temporal non-use and the dynamic relationships between temporary non-use and use by expanding the model of dynamic state transition of non-use which is proposed by the previous study. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted grounded theory methodology as a research methodology. Fifteen university students were interviewed for open coding and for selected coding which leads the research model ten students were interviewed. Findings Based on the coding, the types of use were divided into interactive use and one-way use, and the types of temporal use were classified into temporal non-use in which use is intended and temporal non-use in which use is not intended. The dynamic transition model is presented for each type of use and temporalnon-use, and an integrated model that combines them is presented. This study found the following four things: First, all non-use can be temporal Second, there are different types of temporal non-use. Third, the pattern of use is not just one, but new patterns will continue to emerge. Fourth, we found a change in the function of SNS.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.168-170
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• 2003

In this paper, we discuss the concept of Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse and analyze the organization model of spatio-temporal data. Based on the above, we found the framework of Spatio-Temporal Data Warehouse composed of data source, processing tools and application, which covers the whole process from building warehouse to supplying services.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.292-294
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• 2015

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) usually present the widening of internal auditory canal (IAC), and these bony changes are typically limited to IAC, not extend to temporal bone. Temporal bone invasion by VS is extremely rare. We report 51-year-old man who revealed temporal bone destruction beyond IAC by unilateral VS. The bony destruction extended anteriorly to the carotid canal and inferiorly to the jugular foramen. On histopathologic examination, the tumor showed typical benign schwannoma and did not show any unusual vascularity or malignant feature. Facial nerve was severely compressed and distorted by tumor, which unevenly eroded temporal bone in surgical field. Vestibular schwannoma with atypical invasion of temporal bone can be successfully treated with combined translabyrinthine and lateral suboccipiral approach without facial nerve dysfunction. Early detection and careful dissection of facial nerve with intraoperative monitoring should be considered during operation due to severe adhesion and distortion of facial nerve by tumor and eroded temporal bone.