• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2009

This paper describes a new tiled display framework called, iTDF (Interactive Tiled Display Framework), that is designed to support rapid construction of the interactive digital 3D contents running on top of the cluster-based tiled display. This framework allows synchronizing the rendering slaves, sharing software's state over the network, the features, such as, launching multiple applications on a cluster-based computers, moving and resizing windows, synchronization of rendering slaves, distributed shared memory, and unified input interface. This paper analyzes the requirements of the framework and describes the design and implementation of the framework. A couple desktop-based applications are ported with the new iTDF and to find out the usefulness and usability of the framework.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.197-201
• /
• 2004

In order to recycle animal by-products from food processing as food seasonings, pig bone (PB), chicken bone (CB) and tuna dark flesh (TDF) were studied. PB and CB extract prepared by hot water extraction for 18 h were hydrolyzed with protease and lipase. The DHs of PB and CB extract were increased to 70% and 80%, respectively, when Flavourzyme was treated after pancreatic enzyme treatment. When TDF was hydrolyzed with Alcalase and Flavourzyme, dry matter yield and total protein yield were around 22% and 9%, respectively. Also the free ammo acid content in hydrolysate reached up to 27% of total solid. The sensory properties of three hydrolysates containing 1% NaCl were, in order of their overall acceptance, TDF, PB and CB. Therefore, tuna dark flesh turned out to be the suitable animal by-product as raw material for seasoning ingredient.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.20-29
• /
• 2018

Background: For various reasons such as agricultural and economical purposes, land-use changes are rapidly increasing not only in Korea but also in the world, leading to shifts in the characteristics of local carbon cycle. Therefore, in order to understand the large-scale ecosystem carbon cycle, it is necessary first to understand vegetation on this local scale. As a result, it is essential to comprehend change of the carbon balance attributed by the land-use changes. In this study, we attempt to understand accumulated soil carbon (ASC) and soil respiration (Rs) related to carbon cycle in two ecosystems, artificially turned forest into pastureland from forest and a native deciduous temperate forest, resulted from different land-use in the same area. Results: Rs were shown typical seasonal changes in the alpine pastureland (AP) and temperate deciduous forest (TDF). The annual average Rs was $160.5mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the AP, but it was $405.1mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the TDF, indicating that the Rs in the AP was lower about 54% than that in the TDF. Also, ASC in the AP was $124.49Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ from litter layer to 30-cm soil depth. The ASC was about $88.9Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$, and it was 71.5% of that of the AP. The temperature factors in the AP was high about $4^{\circ}C$ on average compared to the TDF. In AP, it was observed high amount of sunlight entering near the soil surface which is related to high soil temperature is due to low canopy structure. This tendency is due to the smaller emission of organic carbon that is accumulated in the soil, which means a higher ASC in the AP compared to the TDF. Conclusions: The artificial transformation of natural ecosystems into different ecosystems is proceeding widely in the world as well as Korea. The change in land-use type is caused to make the different characteristics of carbon cycle and storage in same region. For evaluating and predicting the carbon cycle in the vegetation modified by the human activity, it is necessary to understand the carbon cycle and storage characteristics of natural ecosystems and converted ecosystems. In this study, we studied the characteristics of ecosystem carbon cycle using different forms in the same region. The land-use changes from a TDF to AP leads to changes in dominant vegetation. Removal of canopy increased light and temperature conditions and slightly decreased SMC during the growing season. Also, land-use change led to an increase of ASC and decrease of Rs in AP. In terms of ecosystem carbon sequestration, AP showed a greater amount of carbon stored in the soil due to sustained supply of above-ground liters and lower degradation rate (soil respiration) than TDF in the high mountains. This shows that TDF and AP do not have much difference in terms of storage and circulation of carbon because the amount of carbon in the forest biomass is stored in the soil in the AP.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to analyze dietary fiber content of 113 common Korean foods. Content of total dietary fiber(TDF) in vegetables, mushrooms, fruite, and seaweeds was determined by enzymatic-gravimetric method developed by Prosky et al. and adopted by AOAC. The average TDF content of the foods analyzed was 3.62$\pm$2.09% for green vegetables, 5.90$\pm$7.61% for light vegetables, 14.27$\pm$18.11% for mushrooms, 3.02$\pm$4.48% for fruits, and 11.39$\pm$12.68% for seaweeds. The foods containing the highest TDF values in the food groups were boiled radish leaves(10.84%) in green vegetables, dried braken(38.36%) in light vegetables, dried juda's ear(18.18%) in mushrooms except dried manna lichen(52.87%), dried persimon(17.73%) in fruits and dried sea mustard(37.77%) in seaweeds. Dried Seaweeds such as sea mustard (37.77%), sea tangle(29.30%), and laver(31.36%) were good sources of dietary fiber. When we consider the health and therapeutic benefits of dietary fiber, it is recommended to continue to consume traditional Korean diet which are mainly composed of vegetables rather than animal foods and to increase consumption of dried mushrooms and seaweeds which contain high content of TDF.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 1993

In this study, dietary fiber contents in vegetables and seaweeds were determined by Mongeau-Brassard method and the AOAC official method. The average total dietary fiber(TDF) contents by AOAC official method were 6% for vegetables, and 33% for seaweeds. The average ratios soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents to TDF contents were 47% for vegetables and 57% for vegetables except bellflower root and 1.0% - 8.0% for seaweeds. TDF$\pm$error boundary values by Mongeau-Brassard method were a little higher than those by AOAC official method. But, F/Fc of all samples were lower than 1.0. Therefore, Mongeau-Brassard method was evaluated as precisely as AOAC official method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2017

This study proposes an evaluation method for time delay function(TDF) of Point Detonation(PD) fuse using underwater explosion and water entry phenomena. Until now, nothing but the naked eyes of an observer or video images have been used to determine whether the TDF of PD fuze is operated or not. The observer has verified the performance of TDF by analysing the shape of the plume formed by underwater explosion. However, it is very difficult to evaluate the TDF of PD fuse by these conventional methods. In order to overcome this issue, we propose a method using underwater sound signal emitted from the underwater explosion of high explosive charge. The result shows that the measured sound signal is in accord with the physical phenomena of water entry of warhead as well as underwater explosion. Also, from the hypothesis test of bubble period, difference on underwater sound analysis between dud event and delay one is proved.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.360-365
• /
• 2009

The dietary fiber and crude fiber contents of different thallus regions (blade, stipe, and holdfast) in three brown algae (Laminaria japonica, Ecklonia stolonifera, and E. cava) were detennined at different ages, and then compared with one another. On a dry matter basis, the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content was highest ($10.8{\pm}0.5%$) in the holdfast of 2-year old L. japonica, and the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), total dietary fiber (TDF), and crude fiber (CF) contents were highest in the holdfast of 2-year old E. cava at $44.5{\pm}0.7%$, $50.2{\pm}0.5%$, $6.8{\pm}0.7%$, respectively. The IDF, TDF, and CF contents of these three species were measured in the following order: holdfast > stipe > blade, and the SDF contents of L. japonica exhibited the reverse of this trend. The TDF/CF ratio of 1-year old L. japonica, E. stolonifera, and E. cava was greater than was observed in the corresponding 2-year old samples. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report demonstrating that the holdfasts of L. japonica, E. stolonifera, and E. cava are rich in dietary fiber contents, especially IDF, TDF, and CF.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.247-253
• /
• 1992

The total dietary fiber (TDF) contents in cultivated dodok, wild dodok and ginseng were determined by AOAC method and Mongeau et al's method. Also, the nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) contents of them were analyzed by Englyst et al's gas chromatographic (GC) method. The TDF values by AOAC method and Mongeau et al's method were 34.50% and 35.92% for wild dodok, 46.40% and 47.55% for cultivated dodok, and 14.93% and 14.03% for ginseng, respectively. The ratios of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents to TDF contents by Mongesu et al's method were 64.17% for wild dodok, 75.77% for cultivated dodok, and 53.74% for ginseng, respectively. The major sugar constituents of NSF in wild dodok, cultivated dodok and ginseng by GC were glucose, galactose and uronic acid. The Enalyst's TDF contents, i.e., NSP plus lignin contents in wild dodok, cultivated dodok, and ginseng were 20.65%, 20.03% , and 9.72%, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.98-106
• /
• 1993

In this study, dietary fiber contents in cereals and pulses were determined by Mongeau-Brassard method to compare those to the AOAC officied method. The average total dietary fiber (TDF) contents by AOAC official method were 3% for cereals and 21% for pulses. The average ratios of soluble dietary fiber contents to TDF contents were 40% for cereals and 43% for pulses. The differences between TDF values (dry matter basis) by two methods were 0.1%-1.0% for cereals and 1.0-7.0% for pulses. The differences between two methods were caused by residual protein in fiber by Mongeau-Brassard method and by residual starch in fiber by AOAC official method. TDF\\error boundary values by Mongeau-Brassard method were little higher than those by AOAC official method. But seven foods except highly milled rice, brown rice and mungbean were F/Fc>1. Therefore, Mongeau-Brassard method was evaluated as precise as AOAC official method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.396-403
• /
• 1995

Eightly nine common Korean foods were analyzed by the enzymatic-gravimetric method developed by Prosky et al. and adopted by AOAC to determine total dietary fiber(TDF) content. The average TDF content of the foods analyzed was 4.78${\pm}$3.55% for cereal and grain products, 2.56${\pm}$1.65% for potatoes and starches, 1.94${\pm}$0.77% for sugar and sweets, 10.81${\pm}$6.57% for pulse and pulse products, 9.70${\pm}$5.92% for nuts and seeds, 15..38${\pm}$15.76% for seasonings, and 4.98${\pm}$4.35% for beverages. The foods containing the highest TDF values in the food groups were whole grain barley(17.88%) in cereals, yellow soybean(21.05%) in pulses, black sesame(21.34%) in nuts and seeds, and red pepper powder(39.37%) in seasonings except San Cho powder(52.43%). TDF content of rice, the main staple food of Korea, was 2.75% for brown rice and 0.96% for well-milled rice. The TDF value of the foods analyzed ranged from 0.12 to 23.4 times that fo crude fiber reported in the Korean food composition tables. When we consider dietary fiber contents of foods and food consumption patterns together, it is recommended to consume brown rice instead of well-milled rice and increase the consumption of minor cereals and pulses to raise dietary fiber intake.