• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.517-520
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• 1993

돈육의 pH가 5.0에서 7.0으로 증가할수록 저장중 산패치는 유의차 있게 감소하였다. 본 실험 결과 고 pH 돈육의 낮은 유리철 함량과 높은 GPx 활성은 저장중 돈육의 산패 억제에 관여하는 중요한 요인들인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 pH 조절에 의한 산패 억제에 관여할 수 있는 그 밖의 다른 가능한 인자들을 찾는 연구 또한 중요하다고 하겠다. 나아가서 유리철 ion의 방출 억제나 불활성화 방안, GPx의 또 다른 활성화 방안 및 천연항산화제로서의 활용 가능성등이 계속 연구, 검토되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구의 결과는 돈육의 저장성 증진은 물론, 규명된 항산화 기작들을 다른 작품 system에 응용하는 데에도 이용될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

The effects of adding goldenrod leaf powder (GLP) and goldenrod stem powder (GSP) (0.1% and 0.5%) to raw ground pork on antioxidant activity were examined. The following six treatment groups were used: Control (without antioxidant), GLP1 (with 0.1% GLP), GLP2 (with 0.5% GLP), GSP1 (with 0.1% GSP), GSP2 (with 0.5% GSP) and AS (with 0.05% ascorbic acid). The chemical compositions, pH values, instrumental color, conjugated diene (CD), free fatty acids (FFA) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) value were measured during 15 d of storage at chilled temperatures. The addition of GLP and GSP showed no effect on moisture, protein and fat contents of the samples. However, adding 0.5% GSP increased the ash contents of ground pork (p<0.05). The pH values of treated samples decreased until day 7, and then increased thereafter. The addition of GLP and GSP decreased the $L^*$ and $a^*$ values and increased the $b^*$ value (p<0.05). The CD, FFA and TBARS value of the control were higher (p<0.05) than samples containing GLP and GSP. The addition of GLP and GSP resulted in a significant decrease in CD, FFA and TBARS values. Overall, this study demonstrated that GL and GS could be used as an antioxidant of raw ground pork.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2005

The effects of dietary Gleditschia on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n=40) were fed a diet containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 1% Gleditschia for 14 weeks and slaughtered at 110 kg average. The longissimus throracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 hr postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition, ultimate pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), color ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), drip loss and water-holding capacity. There was no significant difference of moisture and crude fat percent in between treatment and control group, and the color stability of pork loin better in all treat groups was more improved during cold storage. The change of pH was significantly increased (p<0.05) in 0.2, 0.4, 1% treatment groups compare to the control group. Water-holding capacity of pig loins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treat groups than in control group; 0.2% treat group was the highest in the water holding capacity followed by 0.4, 1, and 0.1% treat groups. Less drip loss of pig loin was observed with samples from Gleditschia-fed pigs except 1% treat group. Unsaturated fatty acid were tend to be decreased and saturated fatty acid were tend to be increased in Gleditschia-treated group. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was significantly higher than that of the Gleditschia-fed group (p<0.05).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.675-683
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxidation and anti oxidative enzyme activity as indices of oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Fifty Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 7 weeks were used as experimental animals, which were divided into the non-diabetic control group and the diabetic group. The diabetic group received an intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Then the diabetic rats were divided into four dietary groups which contained different amounts of $\beta$-carotene; 0%, 0.002%, 0.02%, or 0.2% of the diet. The diabetic rats were fed the experimental diets and the non-diabetic rats were fed the basal diet without $\beta$-carotene supplementation for 2 weeks and then sacrificed. The diabetic group had a significantly higher blood glucose level than the non-diabetic group. However, blood glucose level were not significantly changed by the level of dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation. Compared to the non-diabetic control group, the diabetic control group indicated a significant increase of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Liver TBARS level also tended to be higher in diabetic control group, although it was not significant. The $\beta$-carotene supplementation did not reduce plasma TBARS level. However, Liver TBARS level was significantly decreased when 0.02% or more $\beta$-carotene was supplemented in the diet. The liver lipofuscin level in the diabetic control group was higher than in the non-diabetic control group, but the effect of $\beta$-carotene supplementation did not show any differences. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lower in the diabetic group, but it was increased in groups receiving 0.02% or more $\beta$-carotene. Compared to the non-diabetic control group, lower activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase were observed in the diabetic control group, although it was not significant. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities tended to increase as the levels of $\beta$-carotene supplementation increased, although it was not statistically significant. Therefore, it seems that dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation might reduce diabetic complications by partly decreasing the lipid peroxidation and increasing the activity of antioxidative enzyme in diabetes.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

본 연구는 육계에 오메가 3계열을 다량 함유한 정어리유 1%와 쑥의 급여수준(0, 1, 2, 4%)에 따라 4처리구로(T1, T2, T3, T4)구분하여 5주간 급여 후 도계하여 대퇴 부위 근육을 냉장온도$(4{\pm}1^{\circ}C)$에서 10일간 저장하면서 pH, VBN, TBARS 및 육색의 변화를 조사하였다. 증체량은 T3구에서 가장 낮았으며, pH는 대조구에 비하여 처리구에서 높았고, 저장 기간이 경과하면서 유의성 있게 상승하였다(P<0.05). VBN과 TBARS는 처리구에서 저장기간이 지남에 따라 증가하였을지라도 대조구는 처리구에 비하여 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 육색은 처리구에서 $L^*$과 $b^*$값이 대조구보다 높은 경향이었다. 이상의 실험 결과로 미루어 육계사료에서 정어리유를 1%급여시에 2%까지 첨가하면 계육의 품질 및 저장성 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2016

The study investigated the effects of adding bovine plasma protein(PP) hydrolysates on the quality properties of cooked pork patties. Pork patties were prepared as follows: manufactured with pork back-fat(control); replacement of back-fat with 40% olive oil(T1), 40% olive oil and 2% PP hydrolysates(T2), and 40% olive oil and 4% PP hydrolysates(T3). The olive oil modified the fatty acid profiles of the pork patties by lowering the saturated fatty acids(SFAs) percentage. Olive oil and 4% PP hydrolysates addition reduced the level of 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance(TBARS) values in pork patties, compared to the controls. Furthermore, the pork patties with added PP hydrolysates had higher pH values than the control. All samples containing olive oil and PP hydrolysates had increased levels of DPPH radical scavenging activity. In particular, added PP hydrolysates were more effective in increasing antioxidant activity than were the other treatments. Therefore, PP hydrolysates could be used as a natural antioxidative in cooked pork patties.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1337-1342
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• 2004

현재 대부분의 굴비는 마른간법을 이용한 방법이 사용되고 있다. 마른간법은 제조 과정인 섞기에 있어서 조기의 상처가 발생할 뿐만 아니라 품질이 균일하지 못한 단점이 있다. 물간법을 이용하여 굴비를 가공할 때 상승효과를 위해서 10% 양파즙, 10% 마늘즙, 또는 양파즙과 마늘즙을 동량혼합한 것을 10% 첨가하고 12일간 상온에서 저장하면서 TVB-N, TBARS, TMA, 총균수변화를 관찰하였다. 분석 결과 마늘과 양파 혼합즙액으로 처리한 제품에서의 TVB-N 값은 88.2 mg/100 g, TMA와 TBARS는 각각 14.13 mg/100 g과 3.1$\mu$mol/kg으로 여러 처리구 중 가장 낮은 값을 보여주었다. 굴비의 지방산 조성은 30일간 저 장하면서 생조기, 염장조기, 마늘과 양파 혼합즙액을 처리한 염장조기에 대하여 지방산의 변화를 살펴본 결과 생조기와 굴비 모두 포화지방산의 비율은 32∼35%로 나타났으며, 포화지방산 중 가장 많은 비율을 차지하는 것은 palmitic acid로 21∼23%였다. 불포화지방산 중 이중결합이 1개인 monoenes의 비율은 39∼45%범위로 oleic acid가 가장 많은 비율을 차지하였다. 다가 불포화지방산의 비율은 생조기는 14%였으나 5일 건조한 것은 15∼19%로 나타났다. 저장 30일째 $\omega$-3계 지방산인 docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid에 있어서 염장 않은 굴비는 7.37%와 3.71%를 보여 주었으나, 물간법에 의한 굴비는 9.46%와4.08%, 마늘 양파 혼합즙액이 함유된 물간법으로 제조된 굴비에서는 9.91%와 4.25%로 높게 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.525-532
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the age-related changes of the lipid metabolism and thrombogenic capacity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at the ages of 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 months old. Total lipid, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol in plasma and liver, HDL-cholesterol concentration, and eicosanoid contents in plasma were measured. Lipid peroxides were determined by the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in LDL fraction. Body weight was increased continuous until 16 months and decreased after 20 months. Epididymal fat pad (EFP) weight was increased continuously until 20 months and decreased at 24 months. Total lipid and TG concentrations in plasma were increased until 20 months and then rapidly decreased at 24 months but plasma cholesterol was increased continuously with aging. HDL-cholesterol level was increased continuously until 12 months, but decreased at 16 months and maintained there after. The TBARS levels in LDL fraction were the highest level at 24 months. Liver total lipid, TG, and total cholesterol concentrations were shown a tendency to increase with aging, and especially TG concentration was increased rapidly from 12 months to 16 months. Plasma thromboxane B$_2$ (TXB$_2$) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F$_1$ (6-keto-PGF$_1$) contents did not change with aging, but the ratio of TXB$_2$/6-keto-PGF$_1$ was increased with aging, especially from 8 to 12 months. These results showed that lipid levels in plasma and liver, TBARS levels in LDL fraction, and TXB$_2$/6-keto-PGF$_1$ ratio were increased with aging.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.153-171
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• 2005

Objective : This experiment has been done to evaluate the effects of Gamisogunjung-tang(GST) on antioxidant capability and lipidic concentration in blood which are presumed to be related to aging. Method : In this study, we divided 14 weeks old SD rats into normal group, control group and GST group. Control and GST group were induced aging by D-galactose. At the same time GST group were administered extract of Gamisogunjung-tang for 6 weeks. After then we took blood, and measured the activities of SOD, GSH-px, catalase in erythrocytes and measured TBARS values, concentrations of total lipid, tryglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol in plasma. Results : The activities of SOD, GSH-px, catalase in erythrocytes increased significantly in GST group compared with control group. The value of TBARS and the concentration of total lipid, total cholesterol in plasma decreased significantly in GST group compared with control group. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol increased significantly in GST group compared with control group. The concentration of triglyceride were not noticeable. Conclusion : it is considered that Gamisogunjung-tang has an influence on control aging by activation the antioxidative enzyme systems in erythrocytes and decreasing the concentration of lipid in blood plasma.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2005

Objectives : Ojayeonjonghwan(五子衍宗丸) is composed of Polygonum multiflorum THUNB, and some medical herbs that are known as formula of senescence delay effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate th effect of Ojayeonjonghwan on antioxidant enzyme activities, such as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT), Glutathione preoxidase (GSH-px) in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, Normal group (supplied enough water and feeds only, Normal Group), D-galatose administered group(injected D-galatose 50mg/kg, 1time/day for 6 weeks, Control Group) and Ojayeonjonghwan administered group (D-galactose 50mg/kg and Ojayeonjonghwan extracts 245.0mg/200g 1time/day for 6 weeks, OJY Group). Rats were sacrificed and TBARS, SOD, CAT, GSH-px, Plasma total lipid, Plasma triglyceride and cholesterol were measured in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma. Results : TBARS in plasma concentration of OJY group was significantly lower than that of control group. Red blood cell(RBC) SOD activity of OJY group was significantly higher than that of control group(F=16.057, p=0.0001, ANOVA test), RBC GSH-px activity of OJY group was increased(F=4.271, p=0.034, ANOVA test). RBC catalase activities of all experimental group were not significantly different. Total lipid and triglyceride concentration in plasma of all experimental groups were not significantly different. Total cholesterol concentrations in plasma of OJY group were significantly lower than those of control group(F=4.387, p=0.032, ANOVA test). Conclusions : According to the above results, it is considered that Ojayeonjonghwan is effective in inhibiting lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidative enzyme activities in D-galactose induced aging rat.