• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.977-980
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• 2013

Background: Endometrial cancer is common in western women, and the rates are very high; however in India, the rates are as low as 4.3 per 100,000 (Delhi). Objective: To estimate the survival of endometrial cancer patients based on age, education, family history, tobacco habit, number of pregnancies, clinical extent of disease and treatment received. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, India, between 1999-2002. 310 cases treated in TMH were considered as eligible entrants for the study. Five-year survival rates were estimated using actuarial and loss-adjusted (LAR) methods. Results: The proportions of patients dying above 50 years of age, non-residents and illiterates was higher than their counterparts. 54.8% of patients had some form of treatment before attending TMH. There were only 4.2% tobacco-chewers and only 6.1% had a family history of cancer. There were 25.8% who had 3-5 pregnancies (not living children) and 38.1% did not remember the pregnancy history. The 5-year overall survival rate was 92%. The five-year rates indicated better prognosis for those aged less than 50 years (97%), non-tobacco-chewers (94%), with no family history of cancer (93%), with localized disease (93%) and those treated with surgery either alone or as a combination treatment (95%). Conclusions: The present study showed that endometrial cancer patients with localized disease at diagnosis have a good outcome in India. A detailed study will help in understanding the prognostic indicators for survival especially with the newer treatment technologies now available.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: The present study looked at the role of radical surgery in gallbladder cancers (GBC) with limited metastatic disease. Methods: The retrospective observational study was conducted to screen the database from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2019. Patients of GBC found to have low-volume metastatic disease upon surgical exploration were included. Results: Of the 1,040 patients operated for GBC, 234 patients had low-volume metastatic disease (microscopic disease in station 16b1 node or N2 disease isolated port-site metastases, or low burden peritoneal disease with deposits less than 1 cm, in adjacent omentum or adjacent diaphragm or Morrison's pouch or a solitary discontinuous liver metastasis in adjacent liver parenchyma) detected intraoperative. Of these, 62 patients underwent radical surgery for R-0 metastatic disease followed by systemic therapy, while the remaining 172 patients did not undergo radical surgery and were given palliative systemic chemotherapy. Patients who underwent radical surgery had significantly superior overall survival (19 months versus 12 months, p < 0.01) and superior progression-free survival (10 months versus 5 months, p < 0.01) when compared to the rest. This difference in survival was more significant amongst patients when operated on after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Regression analysis showed that a sub-group of patients with incidental GBC with limited metastases showed more favorable outcomes with radical surgery. Conclusions: Authors suggest a possible role for radical treatment of advanced GBC with a limited metastatic burden. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be used for preferentially selecting patients of favorable disease biology for curative treatment.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2019

This study provides the analysis and prediction of fruits diseases related to weather conditions (temperature, wind speed, solar power, rainfall and humidity) using Linear Model and Poisson Regression. The main goal of the research is to control the method of fruits diseases and also to prevent diseases using less agricultural pesticides. So, it is needed to predict the fruits diseases with weather data. Initially, fruit data is used to detect the fruit diseases. If diseases are found, we move to the next process and verify the condition of the fruits including their size. We identify the growth of fruit and evidence of diseases with Linear Model. Then, Poisson Regression used in this study to fit the model of fruits diseases with weather conditions as an input provides the predicted diseases as an output. Finally, the residuals plot, Q-Q plot and other plots help to validate the fitness of Linear Model and provide correlation between the actual and the predicted diseases as a result of the conducted experiment in this study.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2005

생쥐의 도파민 수용체 조절인자 (DRRF)유전자는 몇몇 Spl 결합부위를 가지고 TATA가 없는 프로모터로부터 전사된다. 본 연구에서는 이 유전자의 발현을 조절하는 기능성 조절인자들을 밝힌다. $D_2$ 도파민 수용체를 발현하는 NB41A3 세포에서 Spl은 pCAT-DRRF-l153/+17에 포함된 DRRF 프로모터부터 의 전사를 촉진시키지만 DRRF는 전사를 억제시켰다. -1153과 -1122 사이의 31 bp 단편의 결손에 의해 전사활성은 약 $60\%$ 정도 감소하였다. 이 단편은 기능성 AP1 결합부위를 포함하고 있다 게다가, -901과 -772사이의 129 bp영역의 결손에 의해 전사활성이 더욱 더 감소하였다. 이 영역은 기능성 AP2 결합부위를 가진다. DRRF_AP1 (bases -1153 to -1121) 탐침을 이용한 gel shift실험에서 특정 벤드가 관찰되었고, 이 벤드는 API 상보성 경쟁자에 의해 효과적으로 사라졌다. 더욱이, DRRF_AP2 (bases -873 to -846) 탐침을 이용한 gel shift실험에서도 특정 벤드가 관찰되었고, 이 벤드도 AP2상보성 경쟁자에 의해 효과적으로 사라졌다. 본 연구결과로, Spl과 DRRF가 DRRF 프로모터를 효과적으로 조절한다는 사실과, AP1과 AP2 역시 이 유전자를 조절한다는 사실을 알 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권2호통권82호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2007

생쥐 신경교세포 유래 신경영양인자 유도성 전사인자(mGIF)의 발현조절에 필요한 전사기작을 연구하기 위하여 mGIF cDNA를 탐침자로 이용하여 genomic clone을 분리하였다. 전체 유전자 13-kb 영역 중 전사개시점에서 4-kb 상류영역의 유전자 서열을 파악한 결과, 프로모터 영역에서 TATA box와 CAAT box는 발견할 수 없었으며 G+C content는 높은 것으로 나타났고 여러 개의 Sp1 전사인자 결합영역이 있었다. 또한 mGIF 유전자는 AP2 결합에 필요한 보존적 영역이 있었다. mGIF 유전자의 프로모터 영역의 단편들을 프로모터가 없는 pGL2-Basic 플라스미드의 luciferase 유전자의 상류에 연결하여 서로 다른 5종류의 결손 돌연변이체를 제조하고 NB41A3 세포주를 이용하여 전사활성을 측정하였다. Transient expression assays 결과, 모든 결손 돌연변이체에서 전사활성이 나타났으며 -213과 -129사이에 전사촉진 영역이 존재하며 -806과 -214사이에 전사억제 영역이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 신경세포주인 NB41A3과 신경교세포주인 C6 그리고 간세포주인 HepG2에서 mGIF 유전자 프로모터의 높은 활성이 관찰되었으며, 근육세포주인 C2C12에서는 낮은 활성이 관찰되었다. 따라서 mGIF 유전자는 조직특이적으로 발현하며 도파민 수용체 유전자와 구조적, 기능적 유사성이 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2020

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are retrotransposons present in various metazoan genomes and have been implicated in metazoan evolution as well as in nematodes and humans. The long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons contain several regulatory sequences including promoters and enhancers that regulate endogenous gene expression and thereby control organismal development and response to environmental change. ERVs including the LTR retrotransposons constitute 8% of the human genome and less than 0.6% of the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) genome, a nematode genetic model system. To investigate the evolutionarily conserved mechanism behind the transcriptional activity of retrotransposons, we generated a transgenic worm model driving green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression using Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV)-K LTR as a promoter. The promoter activity of HERV-K LTR was robust and fluorescence was observed in various tissues throughout the developmental process. Interestingly, persistent GFP expression was specifically detected in the adult vulva muscle. Using deletion constructs, we found that the region from positions 675 to 868 containing the TATA box was necessary for promoter activity driving gene expression in the vulva. Interestingly, we found that the promoter activity of the LTR was dependent on che-1 transcription factor, a sensory neuron driver, and lin-15b, a negative regulator of RNAi and germline gene expression. These results suggest evolutionary conservation of the LTR retrotransposon activity in transcriptional regulation as well as the possibility of che-1 function in non-neuronal tissues.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.625-630
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• 2013

Background: Hardcore smoking is represented by a subset of daily smokers with high nicotine dependence, inability to quit and unwillingness to quit. Estimating the related burden could help us in identifying a high risk population prone to tobacco induced diseases and improve cessation planning for them. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smoking in three South-East Asian countries and discussed its implication for smoking cessation intervention in this region. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data of India, Bangladesh and Thailand were analyzed to quantify the hardcore smoking prevalence in the region. On the basis of review, an operational definition of hardcore smoking was adopted that includes (1) current daily smoker, (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration, (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting, (4) time to first smoke within 30 minutes of waking up, and (5) knowledge of smoking hazards. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using hardcore smoking status as response variable and gender, type of residence, occupation, education, wealth index and age-group as possible predictors. Results: There were 31.3 million hardcore smokers in the three Asian countries. The adult prevalence of hardcore smoking in these countries ranges between 3.1% in India to 6% in Thailand. These hardcore smokers constitute 18.3-29.7% of daily smokers. The logistic regression model indicated that age, gender, occupation and wealth index are the major predictors of hardcore smoking with varied influence across countries. Conclusions: Presence of a higher number of hardcore smoking populations in Asia is a major public health challenge for tobacco control and cancer prevention. There is need of intensive cessation interventions with due consideration of contextual predictors.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.134-143
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• 2006

Out of all types of motions the critical motions leading to capsize is roll. The dynamic amplification in case of roll motion may be large for ships as roll natural frequency generally falls within the frequency range of wave energy spectrum typical used for estimation of motion spectrum. Roll motion is highly non-linear in nature. Den are various representations of non-linear damping and restoring available in literature. In this paper an uncoupled non-linear roll equations with three representation of damping and cubic restoring term is solved using a perturbation technique. Damping moment representations are linear plus quadratic velocity damping, angle dependant damping and linear plus cubic velocity dependant damping. Numerical value of linear damping coefficient is almost same for all types but non-linear damping is different. Linear and non-linear damping coefficients are obtained form free roll decay tests. External rolling moment is assumed as deterministic with sinusoidal form. Maximum roll amplitude of non-linear roll equation with various representations of damping is calculated using analytical procedure and compared with experimental results, which are obtained form forced tests in regular waves by varying frequency with three wave heights. Experiments indicate influence of non-linearity at resonance frequency. Both experiment and analytical results indicates increase in maximum roll amplitude with wave slope at resonance. Analytical results are compared with experiment results which indicate maximum roll amplitude analytically obtained with angle dependent and cubic velocity damping are equal and difference from experiments with these damping are less compared to non-linear equation with quadratic velocity damping.