• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.256-260
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• 2002

골수괴사는 골수를 침범하는 매우 드문 조직 소견으로 저자들은 급성 혼합형 백혈병 환아가 요통, 발열을 주소로 방문하여 세번째 재발하였을 때 골수 천자 도말 검사에서 골수괴사가 동반되고 혈청 LDH와 ferritin이 증가되었으며 자기공명영상에서 골수괴사의 특징적인 소견을 보인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.504-508
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• 2014

A 59-year-old male patient had 5-month history of gait disturbance and memory impairment. His initial brain computed tomography scan showed $3.5{\times}2.8cm$ sized mass with high density in the pineal region. The tumor was hypointense on T2 weighted magnetic resonance images and hyperintense on T1 weighted magnetic resonance images with heterogenous enhancement of central portion. The tumor was totally removed via the occipital transtentorial approach. Black mass was observed in the operation field, and after surgery, histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Whole spine magnetic resonance images and whole body 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography could not demonstrate the primary site of this melanoma. Scrupulous physical examination of his skin and mucosa was done and dark pigmented lesion on his left leg was found, but additional studies including magnetic resonance images and skin biopsy showed negative finding. As a result, final diagnosis of primary pineal malignant melanoma was made. He underwent treatment with the whole brain radiotherapy and extended local boost irradiation without chemotherapy. His preoperative symptoms were disappeared, and no other specific neurological deficits were founded. His follow-up image studies showed no recurrence or distant metastasis until 26 weeks after surgery. Primary pineal malignant melanomas are extremely rare intracranial tumors, and only 17 cases have been reported since 1899. The most recent case report showed favorable outcome by subtotal tumor resection followed by whole brain and extended local irradiation without chemotherapy. Our case is another result to prove that total tumor resection with radiotherapy can be the current optimal treatment for primary malignant melanoma in the pineal region.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Objective : Nontraumatic subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common disease, and spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a possible etiology of unknown significance, which is commonly investigated by several invasive studies. This study demonstrates that heavily T2-weighted magnetic resonance myelography (HT2W-MRM) is a safe and clinically effective imaging modality for detecting CSF leakage in patients with nontraumatic SDH. Methods : All patients who underwent HT2W-MRM for nontraumatic SDH workup at our institution were searched and enrolled in this study. Several parameters were measured and analyzed, including patient demographic data, initial modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score upon presentation, SDH bilaterality, hematoma thickness upon presentation, CSF leakage sites, treatment modalities, follow-up hematoma thickness, and follow-up mRS score. Results : Forty patients were identified, of which 22 (55.0%) had CSF leakage at various spinal locations. Five patients (12.5%) showed no change in mRS score, whereas the remaining (87.5%) showed decreases in follow-up mRS scores. In terms of the overall hematoma thickness, four patients (10.0%) showed increased thickness, two (5.0%) showed no change, 32 (80.0%) showed decreased thickness, and two (5.0%) did not undergo follow-up imaging for hematoma thickness measurement. Conclusion : HT2W-MRM is not only safe but also clinically effective as a primary diagnostic imaging modality to investigate CSF leakage in patients with nontraumatic SDH. Moreover, this study suggests that CSF leakage is a common etiology for nontraumatic SDH, which warrants changes in the diagnosis and treatment strategies.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.555-559
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• 2005

Evaluate the triolein emulsion could disrupt the barriers and to suggest as an experimental model in blood-ocular barrier studies. Triolein emulsion was infused into the carotid artery in the experimental group ten cats. Normal saline was used in another the control group ten cats. Pre contrast and postcontrast T1-weighted MR images were obtained at 30 minutes and 3 hours after embolization. Signal intensities were evaluated in the anterior, posterior chamber and in the vitreus qualitatively and quantitatively. Postembolization 30 minutes MR images were not different from those of the control group. Postembolization 3 hour MR images demonstrated delayed contrast enhancement in the anterior chamber of the ipsilateral and contralateral eyeballs and in the posterior chamber of the ipsilateral eyeball. Delayed contrast enhancement of the posterior chamber of the ipsilateral eyeball was statistically significant (P<0.05). The present study demonstrated significant contrast enhancement in the posterior chamber with infusion of triolein emulsion and can be a model in blood-aqueous barrier studies.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2023

Alzheimer's disease is one type of dementia, the symptoms can be treated by detecting the disease at its early stages. Recently, many computer-aided diagnosis using magnetic resonance image(MRI) have shown a good results in the classification of AD. Taken these MRI images and feed to Free surfer software to extra the features. In consideration, using T1-weighted images and classifying using the convolution neural network (CNN) model are proposed. In this paper, taking the subjects from ADNI of subcortical and cortical features of 190 subjects. Consider the study to reduce the complexity of the model by using the single layer in the Res-Net, VGG, and Alex Net. Multi-class classification is used to classify four different stages, CN, EMCI, LMCI, AD. The following experiment shows for respective classification Res-Net, VGG, and Alex Net with the best accuracy with VGG at 96%, Res-Net, GoogLeNet and Alex Net at 91%, 93% and 89% respectively.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2024

This paper focuses on detecting Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The most usual form of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, which causes permanent cause memory cell damage. Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease, increases slowly over time. For this matter, early detection of Alzheimer's disease is important. The purpose of this work is using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to diagnose AD. A Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model, Reset, and VGG the pre-trained learning models are used. Performing analysis and validation of layers affects the effectiveness of the model. T1-weighted MRI images are taken for preprocessing from ADNI. The Dataset images are taken from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). 3D MRI scans into 2D image slices shows the optimization method in the training process while achieving 96% and 94% accuracy in VGG 16 and ResNet 18 respectively. This study aims to classify AD from brain 3D MRI images and obtain better results.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2008

목적 : 저산소성-허혈성 뇌증(HIE)의 확산강조영상(DWI) 소견을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 심폐기능 정지에 의한 뇌손상으로 심폐소생술을 통하여 소생된 6명의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 뇌손상 후 MR검사까지의 시간 간격은 4일에서부터 32일까지 평균 11.8일 이었다. 전 예에서 T1 및 T2강조영상, FLAIR, DWI 및 현성확산계수영상을 얻었다. 병변의 분포, 각 영상에서의 신호 강도를 분석하였으며, T2 및 FLAIR영상과 비교한 DWI에서의 병변의 명확도를 분석하였다. 결과 : 전 예에서 T2, FLAIR 및 DWI에서 기저핵에 양측으로 대칭적인 고신호 강도의 병변을 볼 수 있었다. 현성확산계수영상에서는 이중 4예가 저신호 강도를, 2예는 동등신호 강도를 보였다. 병변의 명확도는 6예 중 4예에서 T2 및 FLAIR영상과 비교하여 DWI에서 뚜렷한 고신호 강도를 보였고, 2예에서는 비슷하였다. 대뇌 피질과 피질하 백질의 경우 6예 중 5예에서 T2, FLAIR 및 DWI에서 양측으로 대칭적인 고신호 강도를 보였고, 그 중 3예에서는 T2 및 FLAIR 영상과 비교하여 DWI에서 명확하게 보였다. 현성확산계수영상에서는 3예가 저신호 강도를, 나머지는 동등신호 강도를 보였다. 대뇌 심부백질의 경우 6예 중 4예에서 T2, FLAIR 및 DWI에서 양측으로 대칭적인 고신호 강도를 보였고, 그 중 1예에서만 T2 및 FLAIR 영상과 비교하여 DWI에서 명확하게 보였다. 결론 : HIE의 DWI 소견은 기저핵 및 대뇌 피질과 백질의 대칭적인 고신호 강도가 특징이며, T2 및 FLAIR영상보다 명확하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2011

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to perform a retrospective evaluation of the radiological and pathological features influencing the formation of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) in meningiomas. Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathology data for 86 patients with meningiomas, who underwent surgery at our institution between September 2003 and March 2009, were examined. We evaluated predictive factors related to peritumoral edema including gender, tumor volume, shape of tumor margin, presence of arachnoid plane, the signal intensity (SI) of the tumor in T2-weighted image (T2WI), the WHO histological classification (GI, GII/GIII) and the Ki-67 antigen labeling index (LI). The edema-tumor volume ratio was calculated as the edema index (EI) and was used to evaluate peritumoral edema. Results: Gender (p=0.809) and pathological finding (p=0.084) were not statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema by univariate analysis. Tumor volume was not correlated with the volume of peritumoral edema. By univariate analysis, three radiological features, and one pathological finding, were associated with PTBE of statistical significance: shape of tumor margin (p=0.001), presence of arachnoid plane (p=0.001), high SI of tumor in T2WI (p=0.001), and Ki-67 antigen LI (p=0.049). These results suggest that irregular tumor margins, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI can be important predictive factors that influence the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas. By multivariate analysis, only SI of the tumor in T2WI was statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that irregular tumor margin, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI may be important predictive factors influencing the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.975-982
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• 2021

본 연구는 체내의 식도용 스텐트와 일플란트에 많이 사용되는 티타늄 성분의 금속성 물질을 사용하여 구리와 black metal, polyester로 구성된 머리카락 보다 가늘게 제작된 mesh로 시험관을 부분적으로 RF를 차폐하여 주변에 위치한 자기공명영상용 팬텀에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 3T Achieva X-series의 Cardiac Coil을 사용하여 TR 500 ms, TE 20 ms, NEX 1, slice thickness 5 mm의 Spin Echo T1강조영상에서 field of view(FOV)에 따른 자기공명영상을 분석하였다. FOV 304 mm × 304 mm에서는 발생하지 않았던 aliasing artifact가 발생하지 않았지만 250 mm × 250 mm 과 170 mm × 170 mm에서는 발생되었다. FOV 170 mm × 170 mm에서 mesh를 사용하지 않은 경우는 SNR이 78.23으로 가장 낮았으며, mesh를 가운데 세워 분리한 경우에는 215.05, mesh로 완전히 차폐한 경우에는 366.44로 높게 측정되었다. 또한 mesh로 완전히 감싸고 차폐한 경우에는 aliasing artifact도 제거되었고, 영상의 왼쪽과 가운데, 오른쪽의 신호 대 잡음비가 높으면서 다른 조건과 비교하여 균질한 영상을 획득할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 mesh로 RF를 부분적으로 감싸고 차단하면 aliasing artifact를 제거할 수 있고, 작은 FOV를 사용하여 영상의 해상도와 균질성이 우수한 자기공명영상을 획득할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1999

목적: 급속 스핀 에코 MR영상과 Dual Echo in Steady State(DESS) 영상을 비교하여 슬관절 연골 연화증의 병소 발견에 있어서 DESS 영상의 유용성을 알아 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 1월부터 1998년 7월까지 관절경 수술과 자기 공명 영상을 시해안 환자중 수술 소견에서 슬관절의 연골 연화가 있었던 26명(남:여=14:12, 평균 46.3세)을 대상으로 하였다. 1.5 T 자기 공명 장치를 사용하였고, 급속 스핀 에코 양자 밀도와 T2 강조영상의 게측 게수로써 TR/TE 3000-4200/16-96msec, FOV $140-160{\times}150-160$, matrix size $180{\times}256$, 절편 두께 4.0mm, 절편 간격은 0.5mm로 하였으며, DESS 영상의 계측계수로써 TR/TE 25.4/9.0msec, filp angle $35-35^{\circ}$, FOV $150-160{\times}150-160mm$, matrix size $192{\times}256$, 효과적 절편 두께 1.5mm로 하였으며, DESS 영상은 시상단면을, 양자 밀도 강조 영상과 T2 강조영상은 시상 단면과 관상 단면을 얻어 비교하였다. 영상의 분석은 2명의 방사선과 의사가 합의하여 후향적으로 분석하였고, 슬개-대퇴 구획, 슬관절의 내측, 외측 구획으로 나누었으며, 자기 공명 영상과 관절경 소견의 등급은 0: 정상, I: 연화 또는 수포, II: 표층 균열, III: 심층 균열, IV: 전층 균열 또는 골노출로 나누었고, 각각의 민감도, 특이도, 그리고 정확도를 구하였다. 결과: 관절경 소견상 I등급 7예, II등급 21예, III등급 6예, IV등급은 18예 였으며, 급속 스핀 에코 자기공명 영상에서의 관절경 소견과 구획과 등급이 일치했던 경우는 등급별로 0%, 14%, 0%, 61%로 나타났으며, DESS 영상에서는 각각 0%, 33%, 50%, 67% 이었다(p=0.001). 또한 각 부위에서 등급을 고려하지 않은 경우, 고식적 자기공명 영상에서의 민감도, 특이도, 그리고 정확도는 59.6%, 88.6%, 78.8% 였으며, DESS 영상에서는 73.1%, 88.4%, 82.2%로 나타났다(p=0.007). 결론: 슬관절의 연골 연화증의 진단에 있어서 DESS 영상이 급속 스핀 에코 자기공명영상보다 높은 발견율과 민감도를 보였다. 그러므로 급속 스핀 에코 MR 영상과 더불어 DESS 영상이 슬관절 연골연화즈의 진단에 보다 더 도움을 줄 것으로 생각한다.