• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 2001

Lichen planus is a unique inflammatory cutaneous and mucous membrane reaction pattern of unknown etiology. Lichen planus of the soles generally occurs as an isolated phenomenon. The lesions differ from classic lesions of lichen planus in that the papules are larger and aggregate into semitransluecent plaques with a globular waxy surface. We report a 38-year-old female patient with lichen planus of right sole. The lesion shows erythematous eroded patch, swelling and severe pain. We thought that she might have envolved erysipelas. So, we gave her oriental medicine and antibiotics, so she was improved. But after long walking, lesion began to getting worse. There appeared oozing, ulcer, pus, pain and swelling in her lesion. We gave her oriental medicine and wet dressinf. But it didn't work.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2023

Five species of South Korean species of the genus Triclistus Förster, 1869 are newly discovered; Triclistus crassus Townes & Townes, 1959, T. mimerastriae Kusigemati, 1971, T. nigrifemoralis Kusigemati, 1971, T. planus Momoi & Kusigemati, 1970, and T. uchidai Kusigemati, 1971. We report those five species of Triclistus herein. Diagnoses, photographs of newly recorded species of this genus, and key to South Korean Triclistus are provided.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to measure the static foot pressure distribution of children between forefoot and rearfoot, and the percentage of static pressure were measured from 1256 normal children in a primary school by the TPScan(Triple Pod Scan) systemCommercial system). The measurement were performed while standing with their comfortable state using the TPScan system. The static pressure distribution between forefoot and rearfoot was analyzed by paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. The Pes cavus and Pes planus of students was 4.936%. 2. The Pes cavus were 42 children(3.343%) and Pes planus was 20 children(1.592%). 3. The Pes planus were seen in 42 of 1256 children with Grade I in 11 feet (26.2%), Grade II in 24(57.1%), Grade III in 6(57.1%), Grade IV in zero. 4. Pes planus and Pes cavus were significantly difference in foot pressure between forefoot and rearfoot(P<0.05). The future study needs detailed research and comparison with various variance between theses before and after correction.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 2020

Background: The longitudinal arch is important for individuals with pes planus. The toe spread out exercise (TSO) has been widely used to continuously support the longitudinal arch by increasing the abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle activation. However, the AbdH muscle is commonly lack of the sufficient activation during the TSO especially in individuals with pes planus. Objects: This study was performed to investigate the effect of arch support on the muscle activity and strength of the AbdH during TSO in standing position in individuals with pes planus. Methods: Twenty subjects with pes planus between 20 and 30 years of age participated in this study. The muscle activity and strength of the AbdH were measured using surface EMG system and the Smart KEMA tensiometer system. The AbdH muscle was evaluated during TSO between individuals with and without longitudinal arch support in standing position. The longitudinal arch was supported by using the insole. The paired t-test was used. The level of statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Results: The muscle activity and strength of the AbdH during TSO with arch support in standing position was significantly greater than that without arch support. Conclusion: The muscle activity and strength of the AbdH during TSO in standing position can be influenced by the longitudinal arch support in individuals with pes planus. The AbdH strengthening during TSO in standing with arch support can be recommended especially in individuals with pes planus in the clinical settings.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2011

Personal characteristics of female lichen planus patients were analyzed psychologically using the SCL-90-R. The subjects were 51 female lichen planus patients who visited Orofacial pain clinic of the Department of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Dental Hospital from 2009 to 2010. The female control group were collected from Pusan Kyungnam area. 45 female burning mouth syndrome patients, 36 female temporomandibular joint disorder patients, 23 female trigeminal neuralgia patients were subjected at Orofacial pain clinic of the Department of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital from 1998 to 2010. 1. Lichen planus patients group, burning mouth syndrome patient group, temporomandibular joint disorder patients group, trigeminal neuralgia patients group and the control group were within normal range. 2. The T-Scores of O-C, IS, DEP, ANX, HOS, PHOB in lichen planus patients group were significantly higher than in the control group. 3. The T-Scores of O-C, IS, DEP, ANX, PAR, PSY in chronic group was significantly higher than in acute group. 4. The T-Scores of SOM, O-C, DEP, ANX, in burning mouth syndrome patients group was significantly higher than in lichen planus patient group. 5. There was no significant T-score difference between lichen planus group and temporomandibular joint disorder patient group. 6. There was no significant T-score difference between lichen planus group and trigeminal neuralgia patient group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2012

Personality characteristics of recurrent aphthous ulcer patients was analyzed psychologically by means of the SCL-90-R. The patients, 20 recurrent aphthous ulcer(RAU) patients, 33 oral lichen planus patients who visited Department of Oral Medicine, in Pusan National University Dental Hospital from 2010 to 2011. 59 control were collected from students of School of Dentistry, in Pusan National University. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Mean values of T-scores on 9 basic scales in RAU patients group, oral lichen planus patients group and control group were within normal range. 2. The T-score of SOM in RAU patients group were significantly higher than that in the control group. 3. The T-score of SOM, DEP, HOS in RAU female patients group were remarkably higher than that in the female control group. 4. The T-score of HOS in RAU patients group were significantly higher than that in the oral lichen planus patients group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.363-369
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• 2009

Erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) are T-cell mediated inflammatory immune disorders. It was investigated mRNA expression pattern of several regulatory factors, such as, CD28, CD45, CD152, CD154, CD279, which influence T lymphocyte in unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) of EOLP and RAS patients. It was collected unstimulated whole saliva during 10 minute in EOLP 18 people, RAS patients 12 people, healthy control 8 people. We investigated mRNA expression of T lymphocyte regulatory factors, such as, CD28, CD45, CD152, CD154, CD279, with real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In EOLP group, CD45, CD279 expressed higher and CD154 expressed lower than control. In RAS, CD45, CD270 expressed higher and CD28, CD154 expressed lower than control. In addition CD152 salivary mRNA expression of EOLP is higher than that of RAS. The above results were suggested that the mRNA expression of T lymphocyte regulatory factors in unstimulated whole saliva of EOLP and RAS contributes to diagnosis of diseases.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.401-412
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of hip joint exercises and orthotics on RCSP, ankle's range of motion, and core muscle strength of middle school students with pes planus. Method : Out of the original pool of 200 students, 60 students with pes planus (RCSP < -2) were selected for the study. The selected 60 students were then divided into four groups. The first group was a combined orthotics and exercise group (12 students), the second was the orthotics-only group (9 students), the third was the exercise-only group (8 students), and the last was the control group (10 students). Exercise groups worked out twice a week for 60 minutes per session over 8 weeks. The independent variables were corrective hip joint exercises and orthotics. The dependant variables consisted of kinematic and kinetic variables. The kinematic variables were RCSP, and ankle's range of motion (dorsiflexion and plantarflexion). The kinetic variables were muscles forces that consist in core muscle strength, which are hip joint adduction, abduction, and flexion muscles forces. Statistical analysis was performed via SPSS 18.0 with multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and a paired t-test was used. Results : The left foot was more responsive to the treatments, both exercise and orthotics, than the right foot. RCSP improved significantly in the left foot for the first and third groups. Only the first group significantly improved hip joint adduction, abduction, and flexion muscles' strengths. As for the ankle's range of motion of the left foot, plantarflexion showed improvement when treated with exercise, orthotics, or both. Conclusion : This study found that exercise is more effective in correcting RCSP and foot orthotics is more effective in reinforcing core muscle strength. Future studies should expand on these results to examine the relationship between the ankle, hip, and pelvis.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.321-335
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck traction and foot type on plantar pressure distribution during walking. Method: Total of 24 data were collected from women working with a computer for more than 6 hours every day. Three groups by foot type were divided: Pes Planus, normal foot, and Pes Cavus. Depending on the foot type and cervical traction, plantar pressure variables were measured; CA, MF, PP, and CT. Each variable was divided into 12 masks. MANOVA was performed for the difference of plantar pressure variables by foot type, and a paired t-test was performed for the cervical traction within groups. Results: The total CA decreased in the Pes Planus (p<.001) and Pes Cavus (p<.05) groups. MF increased in the big toe (p<.01) and 2nd toe (p<.05) of the normal foot, and MF-3rd metatarsal decreased (p<.01). The MF-2nd toe (p<.01) and 3rd toe (p<.05) of Pes Cavus decreased. The PP decreased in 2nd toe (p<.05), 3rd toe (p<.01), and 4th toe (p<.05) of the Pes Cavus. In normal foot, the PP-3rd metatarsal (p<.05) and PP-4th metatarsal (p<.01) reduced. In Pes Planus, PP decreased in the hindfoot (p<.05). In Pes Cavus group wearing a neck-tractor, the CT-hindfoot increased (p<.05). Conclusion: There was a significant change in the plantar pressure change by foot type after neck traction. When walking with a neck-tractor, the heel impact was alleviated in the Pes Planus, and the Pes Cavus showed the smooth and effective propulsion in the push-off. Overall, weight acceptance was effectively performed when walking with neck-traction. It was also found that the neck-tractor corrects the alignment of the neck, thereby creating a more stable gait pattern.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the immediate effects of five toed shoes on foot structure. Subjects consisted of 26 college-aged women with pes planus. X-ray analysis of student feet were performed both barefooted and with five toed shoes. Dependent variables were hallux valgus angle, calcaneal inclination angle, 1st metatarsal declination angle, and intermetartarsal angle. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis along with SAS. Overall, there were statistically significant changes of test subject's dependent variables when wearing five toed shoes. Specifically, the hallux valgus angle decreased, the calcaneal inclination angle and 1st metatarsal inclination angle increased, and intermetatasal angles both increased and decreased, shifting towards normal range. In every case the dependent variables shifted towards a more normal range while subjects wore five toed shoes. This study only examined the immediate corrective effects of five toed shoes on foot structure, but long-term studies are needed to understand the prolonged effects of five toed shoes on foot structure.