• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.250-257
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• 2010

In this study, three different devices, Norland, Osteocore and Lunar were used to compare and analyze the measurement error by each bone density measurement device by classifying the physical characteristics into age, height and weight, the subject of total 300 sampling 100 persons for each device. Categorizing Lumbar region and Femoral neck as normal (T-score$\geqq$-1.0), osteopenia (-1.0>T-score>-2.5) and osteoporosis (T-score$\leqq$-2.5), the findings were observed as follows. Norland device showed the least measurement error in age and height, while Lunar showed the least in weight among the devices. And, the result of comparing the bone density measurement error based on the lumbar region showed that all of Lunar, Norland and Osteocore have the least variation of measurement error in osteopenia and the result of comparing based on the femoral neck showed that all of Lunar, Norland and Osteocore have the least variation of measurement error in osteoporosis. For each variable, the measurement error was observed to be vary upon the device. To solve this, standardized common Phantom should be used to compare and converge the measured value of each company and cross-calibration would be necessary when replacing the software.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of study was to extend the understanding and knowledge of hwa-byung by identify the relationship between anger and depression level in hwa-byung patients. Method : The subjects in this study were 69 hwa-byung patients who hwa-byung clinic in oriental hospital. The data were collected through the personal interviews with questionnaires and the period for data collection was from March. to June. 2001. The tools of the measurement were the anger scale that developed by Spielberg and translated by June, et al. The tools of the measurement were the Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) that developed by Radloff and translated by Shin. The data was analyzed by the SPSS computer program that included the descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation. Result : 1. The mean score for anger was 17.4, 24.9, and the mean score of depression was 20.3. 2. There was the significant difference in the score for anger according to the age(t=7.02, p=.000), the marital status(t=3.34, p=.001), the average monthly income(t=5.48, p=.000), the occupation (t=2.18, p=.031). 3. There was the significant difference in the score for depression according to the age(t=3.58, p=.016), education(t=6.35, p=.002), the average monthly income(t=11.37, p=.000), 4. Anger in Hwa-byung patients showed significant correlation with depression level(r=.405, p=.000). Conclusion : From this study, a relationship between anger and depression in hwa-byung patients was identified. Therefore, nursing interventions are needed to assessment anger and depression level with hwa-byung patients.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2010

Several risk factors for osteoporosis are known relatively well. Some nutrients are directly or indirectly needed for metabolic processes related to bone. Recently, an increased prevalence of osteoporosis has been reported in patients with hemochromatosis, an iron overload disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out if there was any relationship between serum ferritin and T-score of bone mineral density in healthy women. We recruited 1,101 subjects females aged between 39 and 85 years. We measured serum ferritin, glucose tolerance indices, lipid profiles, inflammatory indices, hormones, calcium, alkaline phosphatase. Also, anthropometric, blood pressure, and bone mineral density measurements were performed. T-score was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.425; P<0.01), systolic (r=-0.109; P<0.01) and diastolic (r=-0.093; P<0.01) pressure, follicular stimulation hormone (r=-0.190; P<0.01), alkaline phosphatase (r=-0.235; P<0.01), and serum ferritin (r=-0.090; P<0.05) and positively with body mass index (r=0.050; P=0.01), HDL-cholesterol (r=0.314; P<0.01), and estradiol (r=0.200; P<0.01). After adjustment for age, alkaline phosphatase, body mass index, HDL-cholesterol, estradiol, and follicular stimulation hormone, serum ferritin was independently inversely correlated with T-score (${\beta}$=-0.001; P<0.05). It is possible that an increase of serum ferritin in females be risk to osteoporosis.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

Objectives : the purpose of this study is to report the improvement of stenosis patients, who treated by M.S.T.(Motion Style Treatment) Methods : the clinical study was done on 2 cases of patients with lumbar stenosis who admission in Jaseng Oriental Medicine hospital. We checked VNRS score after the treatment of M.S.T.(Motion Style Treatment) each day, and checked ODI score at admission and discharge. Results : VNRS score and ODI score decreased after the treatment of M.S.T.(Motion Style Treatment)

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.273-296
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the pain relief score and the degree of satisfaction among elderly people. This study has done from July 11th, 2001 to August 31st, 2001 at Hydrotherapy Facility in the College of Bogun(Taejon Health Sciences College) located in Taejeon, Korea. Eighty-eight patients were participated to the questionnaire. The results were as follow. 1. The mean value of the pain relief score in the female group was higher than the mean value of the pain relief score in the male group(p<0.05). The mean value of the pain relief score in the group having religion was higher than the group not having religion(p<0.05). The pain relief score was not significantly different in age, presence of spouse, the way of housing, and academic background. The degree of satisfaction was not significantly different in sex, age, presence of spouse, the way of housing, religion, and academic background. 2. The pain relief score and the degree of satisfaction were not significantly different in the presence of comorbidity, going with the hydrotherapy, and the moment of diagnosis. 3. According to the ADL, the mean value of the pain relief score in the Independent was higher than the mean value in maximal assistance and minimal assistance(p<0.05). Independent, maximal assistance and minimal assistance were not significantly different in the degree of satisfaction (p<0.05). 4. The pain relief score and the degree of satisfaction were not significantly different in the legion of pain.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3870-3878
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate 119 rescue party's violence experiences and to analyze their responses of violence experiences based on the pre-hospital emergency medical field. Data were collected from the self-administered survey of 226 rescue party in Jeollabuk-do area in Korea from January 1 through March 2, 2009. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis using SPSS Win 12.0. The results were as follows: first, all of 119 rescue unit in the pre-hospital emergency medical field reported that they got violence experiences more than once a week, and 62% of rescue team were exposed to physical violence. Patient's factors that caused violence were drug abuse or alcohol(56.2%), on the other hand rescue party's factors were shortage of human resources. Second, 42% of the respondents replied that they did not have any educational experiences for prevention and coping methods about violence within 5 years. 77.4% of those surveyed indicated that they wanted to receive specific educations which can prevent and cope with violence. Third, the mean value of total violent response scores was 2.53, and emotional response score was 3.2, social response score was 2.22, and physical response score was 2.17. Fourth, violent response score related to general characteristics proposed that physical(t=-2.08, p=o.38), emotional(t=-7.13, p=.006), and total responses(t=-4.764, p=.000) were statistically significant. And emotional(t=4.257, p=.000) and total responses(t=8.1330, p=.000) related to age were also statistically significant. Finally, among current tenure qualification scores, social response(t=9.987, p=.012) and total score(t=8.130, p=.000) were statistically significant. Between fire departments, violent response score suggested that physical(t=9.987, p=.000), emotional(t=2.433, p=.012), social(t=6.738, p=.000), and total score(t=5.943, p=.000) were statistically significant.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 1995

The author compared indices of thyroid function in 76 patients with panic attack and 80 control subjects. And SCL-90-R was performed to evaluate the relationship between the psychiatric symptoms and thyroid indices in the patients with panic attack The results were as follows: 1). No siginificant differences in T3, T4 or TSH were found between the two groups. But T3 level was significantly lower in male panic patients than male controls(p<0.005). 2) The T3 level was significantly lower in male panic patients who had higher depression socre than average in SCL-90-R(p<0.025). 3) The TSH level was significantly lower in patients with higher anxiety(p<0.001) and phobia(p<0.05) score and in female panic patients(p<0.001) with higher anxiety and phobia score than average in SCL-90-R. 4) The phobic symptom(p<0.001) was siginificantly higher and the T3 level(p<0.005) was lower in the male than the female patients with panic attack.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.113-128
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between self concept and depression of middle-age women. Data were collected by a questionnaire from June 23 to July 3, 1997. The subject for this study were 138 women between 40-60 years of age living in Seoul and Incheon. The instruments used for this study were the self concept scale developed by Rosenberg and Choi, Jung-Hun and the depression scale developed by Rockliff and the investigator. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows 1. Mean score of self concept was 3.58, in minimum score 2.86 to maximum score 3.99. 2. Mean score of depression scale was 1.95, in a minimum score 1.50 to maximum score 2.61. 3. The relationship between self concept and depression was statistically significant negative correlation(r=-0.5121, p<0.001). 4. General characteristics variables significantly related to the level of self concept were marital status(t=-3.22, p<0.01), experience of disease in a year(t=2.76, p<0.01), child problem(t=-2.59, p<0.05), marital satisfaction(F=6.80, p<0.05). 5. General characteristics variables significantly related to the level of depression were possession of house(t=-2.42, p<0.01), experience of disease in a year(t=-4.32, p<0.001), child problem(t=3.12, p<0.05), husband problem(t=5.29, p<0.001), marital satisfaction (F=8.36, p<0.001). 6. Obstetrical characteristics variables significantly related to the level of self concept was times of pregnancy(F=3.54, p<0.05). 7. Obstetrical characteristics variables significantly related to the level of depression were age of menarche(F=3.87, p<0.05), times of abortion(F=2.49, p<0.01) number of children(F=3.36, p<0.01). 8. In the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the main influencing variables on depression of middle aged women were self concept($R^2$=.26, p<0.001), husband problem ($R^2$=.37, p<0.001), experience of disease in a year($R^2$=.41, p<0.001) and possession of house($R^2$=.44, p<0.001).

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.259-267
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• 2018

In this study, we study the system to remotely transmit musical score based on Internet of Things(IoT). When musicians play music, they occasionally use the instrument and the musical score at the same time. At this time, the degree of immersion in music is reduced. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes automatic sheet page turning system based on Internet of Things(IoT). The system can be remotely adjusted using the foot without using the hand. The system consists of a Wireless Smart Button equipped with Bluetooth and an application capable of operating the Wireless Smart Button. The Wireless Smart Button used Arduino based open source. We designed an application(App) to utilize it and proposed an intuitive UI.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.199-217
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• 2000

This descriptive longitudinal study was done to identify the ethical value of nursing students and to compare the differences of results with one year interval. The data were collected twice in 1999 and in 2000, from the 82 first year and 64 second year nursing students who have been attending at C college in Chonnam province. The analysis of data was done by frequency, mean, paired t-test, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of data were summarized as follows: 1. The total ethical value score of the first year students was 3.48 (maximum : 5) and, one year later, the score was lowered to 3.26. Especially, the degree of their ethical value was significantly decreased in the sub-areas of human-life and nurse-nursing task. 2. The total ethical value score of the second year students was 3.24 and, one year later, the score was increased to 3.39. The degree of their ethical value was significantly increased in the subarea of nurse- client relationship. 3. In the subarea of human-life, the mean score of ethical value was 3.25 and, one year later, the score was 2.95. The degree of ethical value was significantly lowered among the first year students with an utilitarian position. 4. In the subarea of nurse-client relationship, the mean score of ethical value was 3.39 and, one year later, the score was 3.67. The degree of ethical value was significantly increased among the second year students with a deontological position. 5. In the subarea of nurse-nursing task relationship, the mean score of ethical value was 3.38 and, one year later, the mean score was 3.08. The degree of ethical value was significantly decreased among the first year students. 6. In the subarea of nurse-collaboration relationship, the mean score of ethical value was 3.96 and, one year later, the mean score was 4.08 in second year students. There was no statistically significant difference. 7. The ethical values of nursing students were significantly different depending on their religion, length of study, attitude toward nursing and the experience of dying during their clinical practice.