• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 2024

A taxonomic examination of hydroids collected from the subtidal zones of Ulleungdo and Dokdo located in the East Sea of Korea from 2017 to 2023 was conducted. Through this study, Antennella aurantia n. sp., a new species belonging to the family Halopterididae, was newly added to the hydrozoan fauna of Korea. This new species is clearly distinguished from similar species by the different morphology and size of the hydrothecae, lateral nematothecae, and gonothecae. By comparing the 16S rRNA sequence with 7 recorded species within the Antennella, the interspecific genetic distance to the new species was 8.2-28.9%, which is very high compared to the intraspecific variation of 0.0%, showing that it was clearly distinguished from other species. As a result of this study, a total of 4 Antennella species are reported in the hydrozoan fauna of Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2024

A taxonomic examination of Zygophylax species collected from the subtidal zone of Seongsan Ilchulbong in the east of Jeju Island and a reexamination of the voucher specimens previously described as Z. biarmata were conducted. Through this study, the species previously reported as Z. biarmata in Korea was redescribed as Z. pacifica, and the specimens from Seongsan Ilchulbong were confirmed to be Z. biarmata. Zygophylax biarmata has two nematothecae on the apophysis of the hydrotheca, a clear distinction between the apophysis and the pedicel of the hydrotheca, and much smaller hydrothecae, whereas Z. pacifica has a single nematotheca on the apophysis of the hydrotheca, no distinction between the apophysis and the pedicel of the hydrotheca, and much larger hydrothecae. As a result of this study, a total of two species belonging to genus Zygophylax have been reported in the hydrozoan fauna of Korea to date.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.233-243
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• 1995

A survey has conducted on two hundred high school students of the first and second grade by way of questionnaine in Seoul. The purpose of this study on the information from the survey is to cstimate the level of awareness and probe how they feel and what they wish on sex. X2 inspection is designed to assess general aspects of responded contents by way of percentage and examine degree of satisfaction on previously experienced sex education and demand for sex education. The result is as follows. 1. As a result of the examination of degree of awareness on sex of respondents, 62% delines sex as human relationship including moral values for harmony between men and women. 64% of the men and 70% of the women say that sex is a natural thing. It comes to the conclusion that most of the respondent sgenerally consider sex positive. On chastity, 68.5% of the respondent answer that it means physical chastity, 12.5% that chastity before marriage should be kept, and 43% that it should be kept as far as possible. Most of them pespond that it should be kept. 2. As a result of the examination on the contents of sex, they answer they know well in the order of masturbation(72%), pregnancy(76%), and sex(63%). Contraception, abortion and ejection are contents they poorly informed of. 3. As a result of the examination on experienede of sex education, 83% of men and 100% of women have experienced sex, education, but their degreeof satisfaction to it is very low. And 49% of the whole is dissatisfactory to it. There is some difference between male and female students.(p=0.000) That result translates that female studeuts are educated on sex tjhrough more systematic subjects than male ones. In addition, it turns out that teenagers get most information on sex through friends, seniors, and mass media such as videos, TV and radios. Correct and systematic sex education is need because wrong information on sex culd be taught and bring them to misbehave. 4. 87.5% of the respondents answer that sex education is necessary, so that degree of necessity for sex education, turns out to be very high. Also the main subject that should perform sex education is in the order of school(50%), Society(24.5), home(18.5%). They respond that most appropriated period for the beginning of sex education is about elementary school age(43%), and 34% believes it to be put ahcad of elementary school age. Anurse teacher accounts for 54% for the main subject that addresses sex education, to male students visit teachers are most favored for 50%. As a result of those, it could be concluded that most high school students want sex education from responsible persons who have systematic and professional knowledge on sex. 5. In order to perform proper sex education by the above results, better educational effects are obtained when characteristics and natures of teenagers are known and most wanted knowledge by them is taught in priority in times of planning sex education. Besides, the contents of sex education suitable for each school should be planned before elementary school age and sex education should be performed in accordance with students' demand. In addition, sex education should be attentively performed by home, all organizations of society as well as school. Therefore, sex education will play a great role in making teenagers reestablish their conception on sex when the traditional and moral value systems of our country and the new value systems which are being formed under the influence of the western culture are in harmony.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-81
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• 2000

This study examined nursing care in a Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) by reviewing nursing activities for the newborns. Through direct observation, time used for nursing care according to the nursing activity, shift, day of the week, and position of the nurses was measured. This study was done on November 15, 21, 24, 1999 at a university medical center hospital and included eight nurses and 179 newborns as the study subjects. The data were collected from the medical records, and by using a nursing activity record for the NICU, and a nursing activity time record for the NICU. The first step in the data collection process was to develop a list of nursing activities which was done through a literature review, examination of medical affairs and duty records. Content validity was measured by a panel of three professors who were experienced clinicians. In the second step two pre-training sessions were held with three sophomore student nurses who then measured the time for each nursing activity using a stopwatch. The data were analyzed using frequencies for nursing activities, averages, percentages and ANOVA for differences between shift and between days of the week, and percentages and t-test for differences according to position of the nurse. The results are as follows: 1) The total number of activities was 156, direct or indirect nursing activities. Direct nursing activity classified according to physical, educational, emotional/social/economic/spiritual needs. There were 109 direct nursing activities in 16 fields. 2) The order of nursing activities, according to time required, was record keeping, nutritional care, measurement/observation, medication, hygiene care, examination and specimen collection, and checking supplies, and according to frequency, measurement/ examination, record keeping, nutrition care, hygiene care, elimination care and medication. 3) According to shift, direct care during the night shift at 313.4 minutes was the longest time and indirect nursing care during the night shift at 252.2 minutes was the highest time. 4) For days of the week, Monday had the highest time for direct care 275.8 minutes (34.6%) and Wednessday had the highest time for indirect nursing care 269.6 minutes (36.1%). 5) For nursing time according to position of nurse, general nurses had the highest for direct care (330.7 minutes), nurse managers for indirect nursing activities (239.0 minutes) and general nurses for individual private time (63.9 minutes). The results of this study show that the major nursing time consuming activities included record keeping, nutrition care and measurement/examination. For newborns, time needs to be allowed for care to be sensitive, sophisticated and specialized rather than concentrated on indirect nursing tasks such as record keeping. Therefore, it is imperative to develop computerized systems that support a systematic approach to record keeping which is more efficient. Moreover, nursing needs according to shift, day or position of nurse can be utilized in assessing nursing resources through a computerized process.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.285-298
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• 2004

Transportation digital map has built based on NGIS (national geography institute's 1 :5000 digital database) which derived from the aerial photo materials. Transportation digital map is a part of National Transportation Database Building Project carried out by the Korea Transport Institute and Ministry of Construction and Transportation. Transportation digital map for the purpose of transportation plan and investment has been updated and corrected the NGIS database especially for road network. Transportation digital map database is essential basic data fully applied for transportation policy and planning. The database must be reliable and objective to be applied for national transportation policy decision and transportation analysis. In addition, it needs accuracy and currentness to reflect the road network for the survey year. To satisfy the purpose of the database, following steps are necessary first, data Production and building has to be done by guideline of survey and database building. Secondly, geometric and logical errors which can occur during the survey and database building should be carefully detected. Thirdly, sectional guideline for database examination and procedure needs to be set up systematically and coherently This study is about examination guidelines for section and procedure on nodes and links which are essential object in transportation digital map database. According to the type of error, consistent and systematic error examination can lead to quality guarantee for objective and reliable database.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.71
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• pp.259-304
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• 2018

In this paper, we analyzed and analyzed the entry path and the capacity of translation competent personnel who participated in the translation project for the last 5 years. For this purpose, the entry path of the translation workforce is classified as 'employee', 'research course', 'vt', and 'external expert'. And the number of manpower and the amount of translated manuscripts were examined by year. In addition, the average amount of manpower for one translator was also examined. As a result of the research and analysis, the proportion of the total translation companies in the translation business was in the order of external experts - from the research course - from the qualification examination - from the staff. The proportion of manuscripts is in the order of from the research course - external expert - from the qualification examination - from the staff. In addition, we surveyed and analyzed the present status of each of the translators and discussed the characteristics and problems of each business sector. In the translation of historical documents, the proportion of manpower is the largest in the research process, but the proportion of manuscripts is the highest in the qualification test, and that of the experts in the translation and special classics is significant. In addition, it was judged that translation work of translator was proceeding inefficiently by analyzing average manpower quantity of translation worker. In order to solve these problems, three plans were proposed: 'Need to plan the use of translation personnel based on business plan', 'Improvement of qualification examination for cross-country and translation committee members', 'Training of translation experts in specialized fields and expansion of entry routes'. Each of these measures must be validated and validated through detailed analysis and research. However, it is hoped that the translator will help the translation project by establishing a more systematic and planned business plan and a plan to utilize the translation workforce.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.97-113
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• 2002

This research is an attempt to establish a basic material in discovering the subjective types of the dental coordinators occupational consciousness, utilizing the Q-Method Theory, which is capable of measuring the subjective nature of human being by scientific and systematic method. The characteristics of each type were analyzed so as to have the dental coordinator to possess the desirable understanding of the occupational view together for them to have self-confidence as a lifetime specialty occupation. Upon completion of the study, it was found that there are three types of subjective views pertaining to the occupational consciousness on the dental coordinator. The result on the analysis of the characteristics is as follows : Type 1 is the Taking Serious View on the Patient Service, which priority is placed on kindness and looking after any difficulties of the patient, namely, it is the type that puts the importance on the high level medical examination and treatment based on good service. Because of the kind service to the patient, those under this category considered their job satisfaction have been improved. It goes without saying that they were developing the services, which satisfy themselves, and it was confirmed that they thought that they should make things smooth for any development of problems that may arise between the patient and the dentist. Type 2 is the Taking Serious View on Career and Organizational Strength. This is a type that aims on the systematic nature of the internal job, namely, organizational strength itself viewed from the stand point thai either self-confident or work merit is proportional to experience. This type is to actively treat the problem and endeavor to solve the issue when dissatisfaction is held by the dental hospital system, which is either followed according to the work responsibility or by an organization having an appropriate system on remuneration, Type 3 is the Placing of Importance on the Overall Circumstances. This is the type that places importance on the overall now of the dental hospital, and it is the type, that most greatly recognizes the importance of the role of the dental coordinator. The dental coordinator should provide the sense of reliability to both the dentist and to the staff of the medical examination and treatment and should be able to adjust smoothly the overall now of the medical treatment. The dental coordinator is expected to be a medical service specialist, who is capable to solve the problems of the staff of the medical treatment intuitively and to adjust the relation between the employees. With the above result, it was found that although there was no mutual exclusiveness between the respective types, there are particular characteristics among each type. Therefore, this research has discovered and analyzed the subjective view types relative to the occupational consciousness of the dental coordinator for the proper understanding on the characteristics of each type to enable the dental sanitary students and the graduates of the Dental Sanitary Department, who are aspiring to become dental coordinator, as the basic guide material to be actively utilized.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.13-26
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• 2018

Objective : The aim of the study was to investigate the application of nonpharmacological cognitive interventions in patients with dementia. Methods : We searched published studies in KISS, PubMed, and Sciencedirect databases from January 2013 to December 2017. The main keywords used were "Dementia" AND "Cognitive stimulation OR Cognitive rehabilitation OR Cognitive training" and a total of ten studies were selected for analysis from 753 searched articles. Results : Seven of the ten selected studies showed significant improvements in cognitive function after intervention, whereas three studies showed no improvement in cognitive function; however, activation of brain waves, improvement in the relationship between care givers and patients, improvement in the quality of life of care givers, and improvements in visual motor skills were shown. Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) was used as the assessment tool for identifying the effects of the cognitive function improvement, and in four studies the quality of life of dementia patients was measured as an intervention effect. The main subject of the cognitive intervention is patients with mild to moderate dementia. Conclusion : The results of this study can be used as a basis for the selection of intervention methods, as well as their duration and assessment, according to the characteristics of dementia patients.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2010

No systematic study has examined the relationship between acoustic variability and /w/-deletion in Korean. Most previous studies on /w/-deletion have described /w/-variants in categorical terms, i.e., /w/-deletion or a full glide (Silva 1991; Kang 1997; Yun 2005). These studies are based either on impressionistic judgements without a systematic acoustic analysis or on an exclusive examination of internal acoustic variability of /w/ such as F2, without examining the availability of external acoustic cues such as voice onset time (VOT) of a consonant. However, given the important influence of the adjacent sounds for segmental realizations, it is necessary to examine possible acoustic variability in the differentiation of /w/-variants. The present study aims to address this issue by evaluating the acoustic properties of /CwV/, including VOT and formant transitions. In the analysis, 432 tokens in word-initial position (216 /CwV/ words and 216 /CV/ words) were examined. The results indicated that /w/ exhibits four different variants. Firstly, /w/ is realized as a full glide. Such a variant is characterized by a VOT difference and significant differences in F1 and F2 at voicing onset compared with /CwV/ and /CV/. Secondly, /w/ can be maintained but coarticulated with the following vowel. Such a variant is demonstrated by differences in VOT and F2. Thirdly, /w/ is categorically deleted, which is indicated by the absence of any differences in VOT, F1, and F2. Fourthly, /w/ overlaps a consonant. The F2 difference without VOT difference is manifested in the variant. In contrast to VOT, F1, and F2 differences, pitch plays little role in determining /w/-variants in Korean. These findings suggest that allophones can be produced along a gradient continuum of acoustic cues, exhibiting sounds intermediate between the full realization of a given category and its deletion. Furthermore, each variant can be cued by a set of internal and external acoustic cues.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 1999

For studying on the actual condition of the oral health control of the old there were invastigations on the Questions with the college of the old in Chonbuk as the central figure from June 1 to June 30, 1998 and the analyses about the frequency and the mutual relation through χ²-test. The results are as follow: 1. According to the result of the investigation into the actual condition about the oral health of the old, two times a day in the frequency of tooth brush per day was the highest at the rate of 50.35％, the use of dentifrice was 45.4％, and the exchanging time of tooth-brush after six months was the highest at the rate of 19.7％. And 96.1％ didn't use dental floss and 73.6％ didn't do scaling. It is thought that since 50％ used tooth sticks and match sticks we have to inform the old of the necessity of dental plague and period oral examination. 2. In oral health situation, it showed that the number of people who were very week was the highest at the rate of 37％ and there was the mutual relation between the use of tooth sticks and match sticks and present situation of oral health. And 54.93％ visited the dental clinic wethin a year, and 22.3％ among them made full denture. There was the mutual relation between the visit of dental clinic within a year and the consultation content and the number of people who teld that the consultation expense was very expensive was the higest at the rate of 27.8％ and 87％ didn't experience the oral education. So it is thought that we have to make an systematic education about the oral to the old and inform them of the necessity of oral health control. 3. We think it needs the establishment and plane of the systematic basis material and the oral education which is necessary in oral public industry for the dental preventive suitable to the characteristic of the old.