• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2018

The main purpose of this study is to suggest and recommend the more reliable flow direction methods within the framework of DEM and power law distribution, by investigating the existing methodologies. To this end SFD (single flow direction method), MFD (multiple flow direction method) and IFD (Infinite flow direction method) are applied to analyze the determination of a flow direction for the water particles as seen in the Jeonjeokbigyo basin, and then assessed with respect to the variation of flow accumulation in that region. As the main results revealed, the study showed the different patterns of flow accumulation are found out from each applications of flow direction methods utilized in this study. This brings us to understand that as the flow dispersion on DEM increases, in this case the contributing areas to the outlet grow in sequence of SFD, IFD, MFD, but it is noted that the contribution of individual pixels into outlet decreases at that time. In what follows, especially with the MFD and IFD, the result tends to make additional hydrologic abstraction from rainfall excess, as noted due to the flow dispersion within flow paths on DEM. Based on the parameter estimation for a power law distribution, which is frequently used for identify the aggregation structure of complex system, by maximum likelihood flow accumulation can be thought of as a scale invariance factor. In this regard, the combination of flow direction methods could give rise to the more realistic water flow on DEM, as revealed through the separate flow direction methods as utilized for dispersion and aggregation effects of water flow within the available different topographies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.565-573
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• 2017

The ex-post evaluation of governmental crisis management is an important issues since it is necessary to prepare for the future disasters and becomes the cornerstone of our success as well. In this paper, we propose a data cube model with data mining techniques for the analysis of governmental crisis management strategies and ripple effects of foot-and-mouth(FMD) disease using the online news articles. Based on the construction of the data cube model, a multidimensional FMD analysis is performed using on line analytical processing operations (OLAP) to assess the temporal perspectives of the spread of the disease with varying levels of abstraction. Furthermore, the proposed analysis model provides useful information that generates the causal relationship between crisis response actions and its social ripple effects of FMD outbreaks by applying association rule mining. We confirmed the feasibility and applicability of the proposed FMD analysis model by implementing and applying an analysis system to FMD outbreaks from July 2010 to December 2011 in South Korea.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.139-150
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• 2021

Object orientation has become the predominant paradigm for conceptual modeling (e.g., UML), where the notions of class and object form the primitive building blocks of thought. Classes act as templates for objects that have attributes and methods (actions). The modeled systems are not even necessarily software systems: They can be human and artificial systems of many different kinds (e.g., teaching and learning systems). The UML class diagram is described as a central component of model-driven software development. It is the most common diagram in object-oriented models and used to model the static design view of a system. Objects both carry data and execute actions. According to some authorities in modeling, a certain degree of difficulty exists in understanding the semantics of these notions in UML class diagrams. Some researchers claim class diagrams have limited use for conceptual analysis and that they are best used for logical design. Performing conceptual analysis should not concern the ways facts are grouped into structures. Whether a fact will end up in the design as an attribute is not a conceptual issue. UML leads to drilling down into physical design details (e.g., private/public attributes, encapsulated operations, and navigating direction of an association). This paper is a venture to further the understanding of object-orientated concepts as exemplified in UML with the aim of developing a broad comprehension of conceptual modeling fundamentals. Thinging machine (TM) modeling is a new modeling language employed in such an undertaking. TM modeling interlaces structure (components) and actionality where actions infiltrate the attributes as much as the classes. Although space limitations affect some aspects of the class diagram, the concluding assessment of this study reveals the class description is a kind of shorthand for a richer sematic TM construct.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2023

The Hadith is the second source of Islamic jurisprudence after Qur'an. Both sources are indispensable for muslims to practice Islam. All Ahadith are collected and are written. But most books of Hadith contain Ahadith that can be weak or rejected. So, quite a long time, scholars of Hadith have defined laws, rules and principles of Hadith to know the correct Hadith (Sahih) from the fair (Hassen) and weak (Dhaif). Unfortunately, the application of these rules, laws and principles is done manually by the specialists or students until now. The work presented in this paper is part of the automatic treatment of Hadith, and more specifically, it aims to automatically process the chain of narrators (Hadith Isnad) to find its different components and affect for each component its own tag using a statistical method: the Hidden Markov Models (HMM). This method is a power abstraction for times series data and a robust tool for representing probability distributions over sequences of observations. In this paper, we describe an important tool in the Hadith isnad processing: A chunker with HMM. The role of this tool is to decompose the chain of narrators (Isnad) and determine the tag of each part of Isnad (POI). First, we have compiled a tagset containing 13 tags. Then, we have used these tags to manually conceive a corpus of 100 chains of narrators from "Sahih Alboukhari" and we have extracted a lexicon from this corpus. This lexicon is a set of XML documents based on HPSG features and it contains the information of 134 narrators. After that, we have designed and implemented an analyzer based on HMM that permit to assign for each part of Isnad its proper tag and for each narrator its features. The system was tested on 2661 not duplicated Isnad from "Sahih Alboukhari". The obtained result achieved F-scores of 93%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.541-550
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• 2014

This paper describes a multi-scale user interaction based tiled display visualization system using multiple input devices for monitoring and analyzing Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) observation satellite imagery. This system provides multi-touch screen, Kinect motion sensing, and moblie interface for multiple users to control the satellite imagery either in front of the tiled display screen or far away from a distance to view marine environmental or climate changes around Korean peninsular more effectively. Due to a large amount of memory required for loading high-resolution GOCI satellite images, we employed the multi-level image load technique where the image was divided into small tiled images in order to reduce the load on the system and to be operated smoothly by user manipulation. This system performs the abstraction of common input information from multi-user Kinect motion and gestures, multi-touch points and mobile interaction information to enable a variety of user interactions for any tiled display application. In addition, the unit of time corresponding to the selected date of the satellite images are sequentially displayed on the screen and multiple users can zoom-in/out, move the imagery and select buttons to trigger functions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.256-259
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• 2016

The growth of mobile devices in Internet of Things (IoT) leads to a number of intelligent buildings related IoT applications. For instance, home automation controlling system uses client system such web apps on smartphone or web service to access the home server by sending control commands. The home server receives the command, then controls for instance the light system. The gateway based RESTful technology responsible for handling clients' requests attests an internet latency in case a large number of clients' requests submit toward the gateway increases. In this paper, we propose the design tasks of the IoT gateway for handling concurrency events. In the procedure of designing tasks, concurrency is best understood by employing multiple levels of abstraction. The way that is eminently to accomplish concurrency is to build an object-oriented environment with support for messages passing between concurrent objects. We also investigate the performance of event-driven architecture for building IoT gateway using node.js on one side and communication protocol based message-oriented middleware known as XMPP to handle communications of intelligent building control devices connected to the gateway through a centralized hub. The Node.JS is 40% faster than the traditional web server side features thread-based approach. The use of Node.js server-side handles a large number of clients' requests, then therefore, reduces delay in performing predefined actions automatically in intelligent building IoT environment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.34-45
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• 2004

Existing Semangeum's water balance analysis simplifies whole basin to single basin and achieved volume of effluence that produce by Kajiyama way to foundation. But Semangeum is complicated and various rice-wine strainer supply system. And there is difficulty to apply as elastic when water balance element is changed at free point. Divided to unit possession station for suitable water balance analysis model application to Semangeum in this study. And developed basin water balance model of GIS base that can do details analysis is bite about development and transfer of an appropriation in the budget of basin water resources. Achieved study including abstraction and concept design that use UML (unified modeling language) diagram for details analysis, stream network composition for rice-wine strainer supply system application, preprocessing of GIS base and postprocessing module development, model revision and verification etc. Support of this water balance analysis model is available to establish efficient water resources administration plan through outward flow process analysis of water resources. And support is considered to be possible in more convenient and, reasonable water resources administration way establishment by minimizing manual processing in systematic water resources government official to user and support diversified analysis system.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.295-310
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• 2002

Software architecture representing a common high-level abstraction of a system can be used as a basis for creating mutual understanding among all stakeholders of the system. In determining a software architecture's fitness with respect to its desired qualities as well as in improving a software architecture, software architecture evaluation is importantly performed. However moat of architecture evaluation methods are not still sufficient in that they do not explicitly consider artifacts discussed during architecture evaluation and their processes are net systematic. As a result, we are hard to follow them. To address these problems, this paper presents the method to evaluate systematically a software architecture with respect to its desired qualities. In this approach, the functional and non-functional requirements are separately handled, and software architecture is represented in the 4+1 view model using UML. Through this initial consideration, the important artifacts such as goals, scope, and target of evaluation are clearly determined. Also, the method provides the well defined process to produce the important evaluation artifacts such as sub-designs, design decisions, rationale, qualities from inputs. In addition, it enables us to determine satisfaction of a architecture with respect its desired qualities or improve a architecture through the structured evaluation results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2017

This study was to evaluate the stream depletion rate from groundwater pumping with varying stream-well distance, aquifer transmissivity, storage coefficient, leakage coefficient, streambed hydraulic conductance using the Zlotnik and Tartakovsky analytical solution which considers a two-layer leaky aquifer-stream-well system. For the hydraulic conditions applied in this study, the streambed hydraulic conductance and the aquitard leakage coefficient were assessed to have a dominant influence on the stream depletion rate. In order to evaluate the applicability of Zlotnik and Tartakovsky analytical solution ignoring the change in the drawdown in the lower aquifer and applying the fixed head boundary condition, the solution was compared with Hunt analytical solution derived from the more practical conditions simultaneously taking into account the drawdown changes in the upper and lower aquifers. As a result, the Zlotnik and Tartakovsky analytical solution is suitable for predicting short-term effects of less than one year in the pumping period, and when the stream depletion factor (SDF) is greater than 2,500 days, or when the product of the leakage coefficient and the stream-well distance is less than 10 cm/s.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2017

Most of the information prevailing in the Internet space consists of textual information. So one of the main topics regarding the huge document analyses that are required in the "big data" era is the development of an automated understanding system for textual data; accordingly, the automation of the keyword extraction for text summarization and abstraction is a typical research problem. But the simple listing of a few keywords is insufficient to reveal the complex semantic structures of the general texts. In this paper, a text-visualization method that constructs a graph by computing the related degrees from the selected keywords of the target text is developed; therefore, two construction models that provide the edge relation are proposed for the computing of the relation degree among keywords, as follows: influence-interval model and word- distance model. The finally visualized graph from the keyword-derived edge relation is more flexible and useful for the display of the meaning structure of the target text; furthermore, this abstract graph enables a fast and easy understanding of the target text. The authors' experiment showed that the proposed abstract-graph model is superior to the keyword list for the attainment of a semantic and comparitive understanding of text.