• 한국연소학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.38-43
• /
• 2013

In this study, we tested the absorption of $CO_2$ in combustion gas into an alkaline wastewater to simultaneously control $CO_2$ and wastewater. During the experiment, we investigated the effects of operating parameters on neutralization characteristics of the wastewater by using $CO_2$ in a bench-scale semi-batch jet loop reactor (0.1 m diameter and 1.0 m in height). The operating parameters investigated in the study are gas flow rate of 1.0-2.0 L/min, liquid recirculation flow rate of 4-32 L/min, and liquid temperature of $20-25^{\circ}C$. It was shown that the initial pH of wastewater rapidly decreased with increased gas flow rate for a given liquid recirculation flow rate. This was due to the increase in the gas holdup and the interfacial area at higher gas flow rate in the reactor. At constant gas flow rate, the time required to neutralize the wastewater initial pH of 10.1 decreased with liquid recirculation flow rate ($Q_L$), reached a minimum value in the range of $Q_L$ = 16-24 L/min, and then increased with further increase in $Q_L$. Further, the time required to neutralize the wastewater was shortened at higher temperatures.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to increase the removal efficiency of the biofilter packed with granular sulfur in municipal wastewater reclamation facility. Constituent units were influent water tank, denitrification tank, BOD reduction tank and outlet. And, the major operation factor is a biofilter packed with submerged granular sulfur. Actual wastewater and synthetic wastewater were used as influent wastewater. Experimental condition was divided into two phases according to the amount of a phosphorus coagulant. Total phosphorus removal efficiency was insignificant at mode I that phosphorus coagulant was not injected. The average influent and effluent total phosphorus concentrations at mode II were 0.5 ~ 1.0 mg/L and 0.27 mg/L, respectively. As for COD and BOD effluent concentrations, COD was 3.0 mg/L and BOD was 1.0 mg/L. Additionally, nitrogen removal rates were high at low influent DO concentration. In conclusion, a new process, biofilter packed with granular sulfur is expected to treat high-rate nitrogen wastewater and expected to be utilized as an alternative of technological innovation for the nitrogen treatment.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.445-456
• /
• 2013

In this study, desalination by electrodialysis with ion exchange membranes was applied to synthetic waters with various ion concentrations and also for ground waters from coastal areas in Korea. Electrodialysis performance on the synthetic solutions showed the similar tendency in operation time and current curves, i.e., shorter operation time and higher maximum current with increasing applied voltages. The ED results of synthetic waters with different ion compositions, i.e., $Na_2SO_4$, $MgSO_4$, $CaSO_4$, at the similar conductivity condition, i.e., $1,250{\mu}s/cm$ revealed that effects of mono- and divalent ions on water quality and performance in electrodialysis were different. The divalent ions had less efficiency in the ED compared to monovalent sodium ions and also divalent calcium ions showed better performance than Mg ions. The electrodialysis on the ground waters produced high quality of drinking water. The groundwater from SungRoe however showed a buildup of membrane resistance. Organic matter concentrations and great portions of divalent ions in the groundwater were possible causes of the deteriorated performance.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2001

This study aims at finding out pertinent reaction conditions for treating high concentration ammonia contained in N-chemical factory wastewater with decompressed ammonia stripping method that was designed. And it also tries to investigate adsorption capability of removed ammonia to soil. The results from experiments are as follows ; 1. The removal rate of N $H_3$-N of synthetic wastewater was under 85% at pH 10 with decompressed ammonia stripping method. The reaction time in pressure 360 mmHg at pH 11 and 12 was shorter than in 460 mmHg, and the removal rate of N $H_3$-N with decompressed ammonia stripping method at 9$0^{\circ}C$ was 11~15% higher than air stripping 2. The optimum conditions for decompressed ammonia stripping with synthetic sample were shown as pH 12, temperature 9$0^{\circ}C$, internal reaction pressure 460 mmHg and reaction time 50 minutes. These conditions were applied to treat the wastewater containing organic-N 290.5mg/$\ell$, N $H_3$-N 168.9mg/$\ell$, N $O_2$-N 23.2mg/$\ell$, N $O_3$-N 252.4mg/$\ell$, T-N 735mg/$\ell$. Organic-N turned out to be removed 60%, the removal rate of N $H_3$-N IS 94%, T-N is 50%. But N $O_2$-N and N $O_3$-N were increased with 7.8% and 14.9% respectively. 3. The CO $D_{Sr}$ removal rate in decompressed ammonia stripping reaction was 42% and S $O_4$$^{2-}$ was removed 8.2%. It was turned out caused with higher pH and thermolysis. 4. In soil adsorption of ammonia desorbed from the decompressed stripping process of wastewater, the recovery rate was 76% in wet soil.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.204-209
• /
• 2015

2014년을 기준으로 도금폐수에 함유한 중금속중 니켈은 5 mg/L에서 3 mg/L로 방류수 기준이 강화되었다. 그러나 현재 적용되고 있는 도금폐수 중의 니켈 처리방법으로는 방류수 기준치 이하로 처리하기 어려워 대부분의 처리 업체에서 다른 폐수와 혼합하여 단순한 희석에 의해 농도를 낮추고 있는 실정이다. 이는 환경에 지대한 영향을 미칠 수 있으며 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 희생전극을 사용한 전기분해 방법을 적용하여 실질적이며 효율적인 니켈의 처리방법을 제시하였다. 실험은 인공폐수 및 실폐수로 수행하였으며 인공폐수 실험에서는 전기분해과정에서 니켈 제거 효율에 영향을 줄 수 있는 전류밀도와 pH를 변화시키며 최적의 효율을 나타내는 조건을 도출하였다. 실험결과 니켈 제거 효율은 94%를 상회하며 잔류니켈농도는 방류수 기준치 이하로 낮추고 철 슬러지 처리로 인한 경제성까지 고려한 조건으로 전류밀도 $1{\sim}2mA/cm^2$와 pH 9가 도출되었다. 이 처리 조건을 실폐수에 적용시켰을 때 니켈 제거 효율은 60~70%로 인공폐수 실험결과보다 제거효율이 낮게 조사되었다. 이는 실폐수에는 다른 중금속 및 음이온이 다량 함유되어 있어 처리 효율에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 실폐수의 경우 pH 9에서 전류밀도 $6{\sim}7mA/cm^2$ 조건으로 5분 동안 전기분해 처리를 하였을 때 니켈 제거효율 88% 이상, 처리수의 잔류 니켈 농도 3.0 mg/L 이하로 방류수 기준을 만족시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.505-508
• /
• 2001

An microorganism able to degrade ethylene glycol(EG) was developed. Using this microorganism, biological treatment of ethylene glycol was studied in Erlenmeyer flasks and a laboratory scale stirred loop bioreactor. The removal efficiencies of ethylene glycol from synthetic wastewater were 91.6% ${\sim}$ 97.7% at $30^{\circ}C$ ${\sim}$ $40^{\circ}C$, and 96.3% ${\sim}$ 97.9% at initial pH 9 ${\sim}$ 11 respectively. Also the removal efficiencies of ethylene glycol were found to be more then 92% at initial ethylene glycol concentration of 300mg/L ${\sim}$ I400mg/L. In treatment of weight loss treatment wastewater using Erlenmeyer flasks, the removal efficiencies of ethylene glycol were 79.6%. 82.5%. 77.6%. and 71.3% at initial pH 9. 10. 11. and 12.4 after 11 days of reaction. Moreover in treatment of complex dyeing process wastewater. the residual ethylene glycol was not detected at the initial pH 10.0 and pH 11.3 after 4 days of reaction. When stirred loop bioreactor was used for removing ethylene glycol, the residual ethylene glycol was not detected after 108 hrs and 60 hrs of reaction in batch treatment of weight loss treatment wastewater and complex dyeing process wastewater.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2022

The regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) have been steadily strengthened in ship emissions. Accordingly, there is a growing need for development of related technologies for the removal of contaminants that may occur during the treatment of SOx and NOx using a wet scrubber. However, this system also leads to wastewater production when the exhaust gas is scrubbed. In this research, we evaluated the performance of an ion selective resin process in accordance with scrubber wastewater discharge regulations, specifically nitrate discharge, by the IMO. Accelerated real and synthetic wastewater of wet scrubbers, contained high amounts of TDS with high nitrate, is used as feed water in lab scale systems. Furthermore, a pilot scale dissolved air flotation (DAF) using microbubble generator with ion exchange resin process was combined and developed in order to apply for the treatment of wet scrubber wastewater. The results of the present study revealed that operating conditions, such as resin property, bed volume (BV), and inlet wastewater flow rate, significantly affect the removal performance. Finally, through a pilot test, DAF with ion exchange resin process showed a noticeable improvement of the nitrate removal rate compared to the single DAF process.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.235-240
• /
• 2002

친수성 표면을 만들기 위하여 산소분위기에서 1 keV의 에너지를 갖는 아르곤 이온빔을 폴리프로필렌 담체의 표면에 조사하였다. 삼차 증류수에 대한 접촉각은 개질 전의 $78^{\circ}$에서 최적의 조건에서 $22^{\circ}$까지 감소하였다. 이온 보조 반응 후의 친수성 증가는 ether, carbonyl, carboxyl 등의 새로 형성된 작용기에 의한 것이며 극성 용매에 대한 안정성이 우수하므로 활성화된 표면이 폐수 내에서도 안정하다. 활성화된 폴리프로필렌 담체를 합성폐수내의 유기물을 제거하기 위한 bio-film공정에 적용하였다. 이온 보조 반응법으로 친수성 표면으로 개질된 PP 담체는 극성 용매내에서 극성작용기가 유지되었으므로 안정된 표면 특성을 이용하여 박테리아 부착의 생물막 공정에 대한 연구를 수행하여 미생물의 부착은 표면의 염기성 극성작용기에 의하여 증진됨을 확인하였다. 합성폐수에 대한 처리 효율은 30%까지 증가 하였으며 장시간에 걸친 COD 농도 감소 효과를 나타내었으므로 이온 보조 반응법에 의하여 처리된 PP고분자를 수질 개선용의 담체로 사용하여 처리효율을 증가시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.163-172
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the effect of organic matter on the precipitation of struvite and calcium phosphate for phosphorus recovery from synthetic dairy wastewater. Batch precipitation experiments were performed to precipitate phosphorus from solutions containing $PO_4{^{3-}}$ and $NH_4{^+}$ by the addition of $Mg^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$, separately, at varying pH, Mg/P and Ca/P molar ratios, and organic matter concentrations. Soluble total organic solids exhibited more inhibition to precipitation due to potential interaction with other dissolved ionic species involved in phosphorus precipitation. Xylan with low total acidity only exhibited significant inhibition at very high concentrations in synthetic wastewater (at up to 100 g/L). No significant inhibition was observed for Mg and Ca precipitation at relatively lower concentrations (at up to 1.2 g/L). MINTEQ simulations show that dissolved organic matter (DOM) as humic substances (HS) can cause significant inhibition even at relatively low concentrations of 0.165 g/L fulvic acid. However, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggested that xylan altered the crystal structure of both precipitates and had caused the formation of smaller sized struvite crystals with slightly rougher surfaces This could be due to xylan molecules adhering on the surface of the crystal potentially blocking active sites and limit further crystal growth. Smaller particle sizes will have negative practical impact because of poorer settleability.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.143-154
• /
• 2016

Acetic acid can be removed from wastewater by esterification in a membrane reactor. Pervaporation membrane reactor (PVMR) is an alternative process to conventional separation processes. It is an environmentally friendly process. The main advantages of the PVMR are simultaneous water removal and production of an ester economically. In this study, the synthetic wastewater has been used. Esterification reaction of acetic acid with isopropanol has been studied in the presence of tungstosilicic acid hydrate as a catalyst in a batch reactor and in a PVMR. The effects of important operating parameters such as reaction temperature, initial molar ratio of isopropanol to acetic acid and catalyst concentration has been examined. Removal of acetic acid (conversion of acetic acid) was obtained as 85% using a PVMR by removal of water from the reaction mixture.