• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Modern combat has been extended to the concept of real-time response to a variety of threats simultaneously occurring in vast areas. In order to quick command determination and accurate engagement in these threats, the combat system has emerged in frigate. Frigates conduct anti-surface, anti-submarine, and anti-aircraft as the core forces of the fleet. In this study, the combat effectiveness measures naval frigates using AHP (analytic hierarchy process) method. A hierarchical structure for measuring the combat effectiveness was developed, and weights of criteria were calculated by expert surveys and pair-wise comparisons. In addition, the combat effectiveness of frigates was synthesized and compared. The weights for each attribute were calculated, and the weights for the three main attributes were in the order of act (0.594), evaluate (0.277), and see (0.129). As a result of calculating the weight, anti surface warfare (0.203) was the highest. The combat effectiveness of FFG Batch-III, which has advanced hardware and software and improved combat system capabilities, see (1.73 to 2.56 times), evaluate (1.68 to 2.08 times), and act (1.31 to 3.80 times) better than the comparative frigate. In summarizing the combat effects of the frigate, FFG Batch-III was 1.41~2.95 times superior to the comparative frigate. In particular, a group of experts evaluated the act importantly, resulting in better combat effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2023

In this study, silicon sludge from semiconductor dicing process is recycled to fabricate silica nanoparticles, which are applied as dispersing materials for electro-responsive (ER) smart fluid. In specific, metal impurities are removed from silicon sludge by acid washing to obtain the high-purity silicon powder. And then, silica nanoparticles are synthesized by facile hydrothermal method employing the silicon powder as reactant material. To control the size of silica nanoparticles, the reaction time of hydrothermal method is varied as 8, 15, 20, and 30 hours are applied to control the size of silica nanoparticles. Sizes of silica nanoparticles are increased proportionally to the reaction time owing to the increased numbers of hydrolysis and condensation reactions. As-synthesized silica nanoparticles are prepared as electro-responsive smart fluids by dispersing into silicon oil. Silica nanoparticles synthesized by 30 hours of hydrothermal reaction (SiO₂-H30) exhibit the highest shear stress of 21.4 Pa under an applied electric field strength of 3.0kV mm^-1. Such enhancement in ER performance of SiO₂-H30 among various silica nanoparticles are attribute to the reinforcing effect originated from the mixed particle size, which allowing the formation of rigid chain-like structures. Accordingly, this study successfully propose a recycling method of silicon sludge to synthesize silica nanoparticles and their derived ER fluids, which may suggest new possibility to ESG management emphasizing the eco-friendliness.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Diamond thin films were synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Raman spectrum showed the diamond line at 1332 $cm^{-1}$ / and x-ray diffraction pattern exhibited a strong (111) peak of diamond. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the CVD diamond thin film was grown to be unepitaxial crystallites with pyramidal hillocks. A wavelength-resolved thermoluminescence (TL) of the CVD diamond thin film irradiated with X-rays showed one peak at 430 nm around 560 K. The glow curve of the CVD diamond thin film produced one dominant 560-K peak that was caused by first-order kinetics. Its activation energy and the escape frequency were calculated to be 0.92 ～ 1.05 eV and 1.34 $\times$ 10$^{7}$ sec$^{-1}$ , respectively. The emission spectrum at 560 K was split into 1.63-eV, 2.60-eV, and 3.07-eV emission bands which is known to be attribute to silicon-vacancy center, A center, and H3 center, respectively.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.1
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• pp.161-191
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is how have the form and theory of the five element theory in the (黃帝內徑) by the investigation of the course of the course of the five element introduced the ancient oriental medicine from ancient oriental philosophy. The following results were obtained. 1. The five elements in (尙書) meaned the uses of water, fire, earth, wood, metal which were important in living. Because these had very important meaning in ancient political and economic society, emphasized to big law(洪範) 2. The five elements in (左傳) and (國語) mean the five uses too, and there are the phases of "five win metal"(火勝金) and "wather win fire"(水勝火), but these only meaned the physical interrelation. 3. In the five circulating factor theory made by Chu Yen(鄒衍) which have the attribute of the five elements, he more reasonably had argued human affairs like that a dynasty become different in step with the circulating five favors. There is the regular annual policy in the (呂氏春秋) which closely connected nature and human living, and attached the various colors, animals, visceras, flavors, sounds, the sexagenary cycle and so on to the five elements. 4. In the (春秋繁露) writed in fore-period of Han(漢) dynasty, the interactions of the five elements are concretely applicated to policy, Dong Jung Soe(童仲舒) had discrived the interactions of the five elements by Dong Lyu Sang Dong theory(同類相動說) and the misfortune theory(災異說), emphasized the sympathy of nature and human. Thought there is many content which are superstitious and contradictory, I concider which that affcted many effects in the formation of five element theory of oriental medicine. In the (淮南子) the order of matters were explained by the five element theory too, as the interrelations of the five elements were explained by the sexagenary ctcle, I assume that the bud of O-Un theory(五運理論). And there was not founded the fullscale intriduction of the five element theory in the Ma Wang Tye(馬王堆) excavated finds, the Mu Yyi medical writings formed the dynasty(武威漢代醫簡) and the documents about Pyun Jak(偏鵲) and Sun U Ie(淳于意). 5. The application of the five element theory in the (Whang Di Nei Qing) (黃帝內徑) is devided into the attachement to the five elements, the interelations of the five elments, and Un Gi theery(運氣論). In the attachment to the five elemeant theory, it made the attachment of the five viseras of (今文尙書) party a standard and attached the sections of a human body, the whole internal organs of sense, the five colors, the five flavors and the five sounds and so on to the five elements. It put to use by means of the apllivation of the interrelation of the five elements in the transferations of the diseases and the relative severeness of a disease in step with change of time and season. Un Gi theory(運氣論) which synthesized by the attachment to the five elements, the inter-relations of the five elements and the climate which observerd from ancient times systematically argued the effects of weather to human. 6. The application of the five elements theory in (黃帝內徑) have the significant what had get rid of irrational factors like that the emotion and action of human could to influense the weather, what had been formes more rational thingking by the obesrvation of human and nature. It is required more reserches about the possibility of the formation of the doctrinal faction bt the geographical effect of the Yon, Je(燕,薺) region, the application of the five element theory in other ancient medical books and the relationship of the five element theory and Yin Yang(陰陽)