• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

확률강우량은 수공구조물 설계와 도시방재를 위한 기준 등으로 활용되고 있어, 확률강우량의 산정은 매우 중요하다. 특히 소방방재청에서는 확률강우량으로 우리나라 시 군 단위로 지역방재성능목표를 설정하고 이에 대한 방재성능평가 및 방재성능목표 달성을 위한 개발계획 수립 시 활용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 시 군 단위로 설정되어 있는 목표 강우량을 구(區) 단위로 산정하고자 기상청의 지상기상관측지점(SSS, Surface Synoptic Stations)과 방재기상관측지점(AWS, Automatic Weather Stations)의 강우자료를 활용하여 지점빈도해석 및 지수홍수법을 이용한 지역빈도해석을 통해 지속시간 1시간, 2시간, 3시간 목표강우량을 산정하였다. 이는 서울지역의 지자체별 방재성능 평가 및 방재관련 업무에 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 향후 방재성능목표 설정에 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.119-134
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• 2023

본 연구는 2021년 3월 1일부터 2일까지 영동지역에 강설이 발생했던 사례의 종관적, 열역학적, 역학적 특성을 분석한 것이다. 분석에 사용한 자료는 AWS 관측자료, 지상일기도, ERA5 재분석 자료, 레윈존데, 천리안 2A 위성 자료, WISSDOM 자료 등이다. 사례 기간 영동지역 4개소에서 관측된 적설은 10 cm 이상으로 나타났으며, 북강릉(37.4 cm)에서는 가장 많은 적설을 보였다. 종관 분석결과, 동해상 및 영동지역 주변으로 중·상층 대기의 매우 차고 건조한 대기와 상대적으로 따뜻한 하층 대기의 온도 차이로 대류 불안정이 형성되어 북강릉 지역으로 대류운의 발달과 함께 강설이 나타났다. 특히 열역학적 및 운동학적 연직 분석에서, 하층에서 온위의 연직 경도에 의한 강한 바람과 한랭이류에 의한 대류 불안정이 영동지역의 강설 발생에 큰 역할을 한 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 결과는 레윈존데의 연직 분석에서도 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

I conducted extensive analyses of daily weather data of precipitation and temperature monitored from the Surface Synoptic Meteorological Station in Seoul from 1 October 1907 to 31 December 2009 to understand how the climate is changing and the ecological implications for Seoul, Korea. Statistical analyses of the data, including the lengths of seasons and growing degree-days (GDD), showed a clear warming trend in the Seoul area over the study period. The mean daily temperature in Seoul increased by $2.40^{\circ}C$ over the period of one hundred years, which was about three times faster than the global trend and it was striking to notice that mean daily temperature in Seoul in recent 30 years was increasing with the rate of $5.50^{\circ}C$ per hundred years, which is an extremely fast rate of increase in temperature. In the last 100 years, an increase in the number of summer days was apparent, coupled with a reduction in the average number of winter days for about 27 to 28 days based on the analysis of mean daily temperature. Although the lengths of spring and autumn have not changed significantly over the century, early initiations of spring and late onsets of autumn were quite apparent. Total annual precipitation significantly increased at the rate of 2.67 mm/year over the last 100 years, a trend not apparent if the analysis is confined to periods of 30 to 40 years. The information has the potential to be used not only for better understanding of ecological processes and hydrology in the area, but also for the sustainable management of ecosystems and environment in the region.

• 대기
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.321-336
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• 2016

Damages caused by torrential rain occur every year in Korea and summer time convection can cause strong thunderstorms to develop which bring dangerous weather such as torrential rain, gusts, and flash flooding. On 6 August 2013 a sudden torrential rain concentrated over the inland of Southern Korean Peninsula occurred. This was an event characterized as a mesoscale multicellular convection. The purpose of this study is to analyze the conditions of the multicellular convection and the synoptic and mesoscale nature of the system development. To this end, dynamical and thermodynamic analyses of surface and upper-level weather charts, satellite images, soundings, reanalysis data and WRF model simulations are performed. At the beginning stage there was a cool, dry air intrusion in the upper-level of the Korean Peninsula, and a warm humid air flow from the southwest in the lower-level creating atmospheric instability. This produced a single cell cumulonimbus cloud in the vicinity of Baengnyeongdo, and due to baroclinic instability, shear and cyclonic vorticity the cloud further developed into a multicellular convection. The cloud system moved southeast towards Seoul metropolitan area accompanied by lightning, heavy precipitation and strong wind gusts. In addition, atmospheric instability due to daytime insolation caused new convective cells to develop in the upstream part of the Sobaek Mountain which merged with existing multicellular convection creating a larger system. This case was unusual because the system was affected little by the upper-level jet stream which is typical in Korea. The development and propagation of the multicellular convection showed strong mesoscale characteristics and was not governed by large synoptic-scale dynamics. In particular, the system moved southeast crossing the Peninsula diagonally from northwest to southeast and did not follow the upper-level westerly pattern. The analysis result shows that the movement of the system can be determined by the vertical wind shear.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2001

In order to investigate horizontal wind field in the boundary layer around Pusan area, wind speed and wind direction measured at 14 AWS(Automatic Weather Station), 1997, was used. The wind direction at PRM(Pusan Regional Meterological Office) was showed that southwest and northeast wind dominated for spring and summer, northeast wind for fall and northwest for winter. Anticline flow was showed at \`Gaekumm\` which is located between Mt. Backyang(641m) and Mt. Yumkwang(503m) and affected on wind field at \`Pusanjin\`. The low wind speed and various wind direction was represented at the basin topography, \`Buckgu\`, \`Jeasong\`, \`Ilkwang\` and \`Kijang\`. The annual mean wind speed at 14 sites, 2.5ms(sup)-1, was lower than that measured at PRMO, 3.9ms(sup)-1. The wind direction analysis showed that the case of same direction in compare with that measured at PRMO is about 54% and case of opposite direction is about 12%. Annual and seasonal mean windrose showed wind direction is affected by not only synoptic weather state but also topography.

• 한국농림기상학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농림기상학회 2016년도 추계 학술발표논문집
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• pp.25-28
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• 2016

Recently, because of the weather forecasts through the low-resolution data has been limited, the demand of the high-resolution data is sharply increasing. Therefore, in this study, we restore the ultra-high resolution synthetic precipitation and temperature data for 2000-2014 due to small-scale topographic effect using the QPM (Quantitative Precipitation Model)/QTM (Quantitative Temperature Model). First, we reproduce the detailed precipitation and temperature data with 1km resolution using the distribution of Automatic Weather System (AWS) data and Automatic Synoptic Observation System (ASOS) data, which is about 10km resolution with irregular grid over South Korea. Also, we recover the precipitation and temperature data with 1km resolution using the MERRA reanalysis data over North Korea, because there are insufficient observation data. The precipitation and temperature from restored current climate reflect more detailed topographic effect than irregular AWS/ASOS data and MERRA reanalysis data over the Korean peninsula. Based on this analysis, more detailed prospect of regional climate is investigated.

• 대기
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2006

Remote sensing techniques using satellites or the scanning weather radars depend mostly on the presence of clouds or precipitation, and leave the extensive regions of clear air unobserved. But wind profilers provide the most direct measurements of mesoscale vertical air motion in the troposphere, even in the context of heavy precipitation. In this paper, the precipitation events during the Changma period was classified into 4 precipitation types - stratiform, mixed stratiform/ convective, deep convective, and shallow convective. The parameters for the classification of analysis are the vertical structure of reflectivity, Doppler velocity, and spectral width measured with the wind profiler at Haenam for a three-year period (2003-2005). In addition, the synoptic fields and total amount of precipitation were analyzed using the Global Final Analyses (FNL) data and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) data. During the Changma period, the results show that the stratiform type was dominant under the moist-neutral atmosphere in 2003, whereas the deep convective type was under the moist unstable condition in 2004. The stratiform type was no less popular than the deep convective type among four seasons because the moist neutral layer was formed by the convergence between the upper-level jet and the low-level jet, and by the moisture transport along the western rim of the North Pacific subtropical anticyclone.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2011

한국기상청에서는 지난 40여년간 영역기상방송(WE-FAX)을 제공하고 있다. 그러나 북서태평양을 통항하는 대부분의 항해사는 한국 기상청 영역기상방송을 이용하지 않고 일본 및 미국의 영역기상방송을 이용하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 항해사를 대상으로 설문조사와 병행하여 한국, 일본 및 미국의 종관일기도를 조사하여 비교 분석함으로써, 한국기상청의 영역기상방송 서비스 개선 방안을 제시한다. 그 결과, (1) 교육과정중 항해사에게 한국기상청의 영역기상방송 서비스에 대해 홍보하여 인지도를 높인다 (2) 원양선의 VOS 시스템 참여를 유도하여 일기도의 정확도를 제고한다 (3) 외양파랑도 및 지상일기예상도 등 일기도 콘텐츠를 다양화하고 항행안전에 도움이 되는 유익한 기상정보를 추가하는 방안을 제시한다.

• 대기
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.157-170
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• 2021

To investigate the effect of snowfall on the traffic of general roads in Gangwon-do, case analysis was performed in Gangneung, Pyeongchang, and Chuncheon using ASOS (Automated Synoptic Observing System) snowfall data and VDS (Vehicle Detector System) traffic data. First, we analyzed how much the traffic volume and speed decrease in snowfall cases on regional roads compared to non-snow cases, and the characteristics of monthly reduction due to snowfall were investigated. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed to quantitatively grasp the effect of snowfall on traffic volume and speed, and sensitivity tests for snowfall intensity and cumulative snowfall were performed. The results showed that the amount of snowfall caused decrease both in the traffic volume and speed from usual (non-snowfall) condition. However, the trend was different by region: The decrease rate in traffic volume was in the order of Gangneung (17~22%), Chuncheon (14~17%), and Pyeongchang (11~14%). The decrease rate in traffic speed was in the order of Chuncheon (9~10%), Gangneung (8~9%), Pyeongchang (5~6%). No significant results were found in the monthly decrease rate analysis. In all regions, traffic volume and speed showed a negative correlation with snowfall. It was confirmed that the greater the amount of traffic entering the road, the greater the slope of the trend line indicating the change in snowfall due to the traffic volume. As a result of the sensitivity test for snowfall intensity and cumulative snowfall, the snowfall information at intervals of 6-hours was the most significant.

• 대기
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the variabilities of wind speed of 850 hPa and precipitable water over the East Asia region using the NCEP Final Analysis data from December 2001 to November 2011. A large variance of wind speed was observed in northern and eastern China during the winter period. During summer, the regions of the East China Sea, the South Sea of Japan and the East Sea show large variances in the wind speed caused by an extended North Pacific High and typhoon activities. The large variances in the wind speed in the regions are shown to be correlated with the inter-annual variability of precipitable water over the inland region of windward side of the Korean Peninsula. Based on the investigation, sensitivity tests to the domain size were performed using the WRF model version 3.6 for heavy precipitation events over the Korean Peninsula for 26 and 27 July 2011. Numerical experiments of different domain sizes were set up with 5 km horizontal and 50 levels vertical resolutions for the control and the first experimental run, and 9 km horizontal for the second experimental run. We found that the major rainfalls correspond to shortwave troughs with baroclinic structure over Northeast China and extended North Pacific High. The correlation analysis between the observation and experiments for 1-h precipitation indicated that the second experiment with the largest domain had the best performance with the correlation coefficient of 0.79 due to the synoptic-scale systems such as short-wave troughs and North Pacific High.