• 국제지역연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-53
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• 2010

본 연구는 조선산업이 전남지역의 지역경제에 미치는 파급효과를 분석하였으며, 분석 방법으로는 국내외적으로 경제적 파급효과를 측정하는데 가장 많이 사용되어온 지역산업연관분석을 이용하여 파급효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 전남지역에서 조선산업의 최종수요 1,908,800백만 원이 발생 할 경우 전남지역에 미치는 산업별 생산유발효과는 약 3,038,624백만 원, 부가가치유발효과는 약 940,656백만 원, 고용창출효과는 약 13,361명, 소득유발효과는 약 702,056백만 원인 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 전남지역내 조선산업이 지역내 다른 산업에 미치는 생산파급효과를 살펴보면 제1차 금속제품 458,784백만 원, 화학제품 128,250백만 원, 금속제품 71,498백만 원, 석유 및 석탄제품 50,829백만 원 순으로 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 전남지역에서 조선산업은 생산유발계수와 영향력계수는 29개 산업부문 중 6위로 매우 높은 수준으로 타산업에 미치는 경제적 파급효과와 산업견인효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 소득유발효과와 부가가치유발효과, 고용유발효과, 전방산업 연관파급효과는 지역내에서 중상위 수준으로 나타나 전남지역의 향후 신규고용창출과 동부지역의 조선산업과 서부지역의 금속산업 및 화학산업간의 조화로운 발전을 위한 지역전략산업으로 육성이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2019

Objective: This study examined the effects of stimulating fingertip temperature on the patterns of force sharing and stability properties during multi-finger force production tasks. Method: 9 adult subjects (male: 3, female: 6, age: $26.11{\pm}4.01yrs$, height: $169.22{\pm}5.97cm$, weight: $61.44{\pm}11.27kg$) participated in this study. The experiment consisted of three blocks: 1) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task, 2) single-finger ramp task to quantify enslaving (i.e., unintended force production by non-task fingers), and 3) 12 trials of multi-finger steady-state force production task at 20% MVC. There were three temperature conditions including body-temperature (i.e., control condition), $40^{\circ}C$, and $43^{\circ}C$, and the stimulation was given to the index finger only for all experimental conditions. Results: There were no significant differences in the MVC forces, enslaving, and the accuracy of performance during the steady-state task between the conditions. However, the share of stimulated index finger force increased with the index fingertip temperature, while the share of middle finger force decreased. Also, the coefficient of variation of both index and middle finger forces over repetitive trials increased with the index fingertip temperature. Under the framework of the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis used to quantify indices of multi-finger synergies (i.e., stability property) stabilizing total force during the steady-state task, the two variance components within the UCM analysis increased together with the fingertip temperature, while no changes in the synergy indices between the conditions. Conclusion: The current results showed that fingertip temperature stimulation only to index finger does not affect to muscle force production capability of multi-finger, independence of individual fingers, and force production accuracy by the involvement of all four fingers. The effect of fingertip temperature on the sharing pattern and force variation may be due to diffuse reflex effects of the induced afferent activity on alpha-motoneuronal pools. However, the unchanged stability properties may be the reflection of the active error compensation strategies by non-stimulated finger actions.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.55-85
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• 2013

The present study examines the effects of transformational leadership exercised by team leader and transformational leadership shared by team members on team creativity and team performance at the team level. A growing body on leadership research highlights the role of team leadership in work organizations. In team settings, studies have focused exclusively on individual leaders who occupy formal leadership positions and exercise vertical influence over team members. In contrast to this traditional approach, shared leadership highlights a horizontal influence process where leadership is collectively carried out by team members. In this shared form of leadership, members actively participate in the leadership process and horizontally influence other team members. This mutual influence among team members constitutes a critical condition for the success of team-based organizations. The ability of team members to work together as a team is the key to the overall functioning of the team organization. To verify the effect of two leadership styles, we analyze the effect of a leader's transformational leadership and members' shared transformational leadership on team creativity and team performance for the same team. This study also predicts that the transformational leadership shared by members will moderate the effects of leader transformational leadership on team performance and creativity. Our findings show that both leaderships have a positive effect on team performance. However, the main effect of a leader's transformational leadership on team creativity is not significant when members' transformational leadership is employed into the model. With the effect of leader transformational leadership controlled for, the main effects of the transformational leadership shared by members on team creativity and performance are significant. In addition, we also found the significant moderation effects of member transformational leadership by leader transformational leadership on team creativity. Based on these findings, we strongly recommend that team based organizations shift the leadership focus from the leader focused leadership model to the shared leadership model. We also discuss managerial implications of our findings in details.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1137-1144
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• 2013

$TiO_2$ composites with seven different carbon materials (activated carbons, graphite, carbon fibers, single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides, and reduced graphene oxides) that are virgin or treated with nitric acid are prepared through an evaporation method. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared samples are evaluated in terms of $H_2$ production from aqueous methanol solution (photo-catalytic reduction: PCR) and degradation of aqueous pollutants (phenol, methylene blue, and rhodamine B) (photocatalytic oxidation: PCO) under AM 1.5-light irradiation. Despite varying effects depending on the kinds of carbon materials and their surface treatment, composites typically show enhanced PCR activity with maximum 50 times higher $H_2$ production as compared to bare $TiO_2$. Conversely, the carbon-induced synergy effects on PCO activities are insignificant for all three substrates. Colorimetric quantification of hydroxyl radicals supports the absence of carbon effects. However, platinum deposition on the binary composites displays the enhanced effect on both PCR and PCO reactions. These differing effects of carbon materials on PCR and PCO reactions of $TiO_2$ are discussed in terms of physicochemical properties of carbon materials, coupling states of $TiO_2$/carbon composites, interfacial charge transfers. Various surface characterizations of composites (UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, SEM, FTIR, surface area, electrical conductivity, and photoluminescence) are performed to gain insight on their photocatalytic redox behaviors.

• 동의생리학회지
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• 제14권2호통권20호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1999

The current experiment was carried out to investigate the analgesic effects of several herbal drugs in acetic acid - induced pain model. In a single drug group : after administration of herbal drugs(1g/kg or 3g/kg) orally for 30 minutes, 1% acetic acid $(250{\mu}l)$ was administered into abdominal cavity of mouse. And then the number of times of writhing response was measured for 30 minutes. In a combination drug group : after administration of herbal drugs (1g/kg and it's compound 2g/kg) orally for 30 minutes, 1% acetic acid $(250{\mu}l)$ was administered into abdominal cavity of mouse. And then the number of times of writhing response was measured for 30 minutes. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Water extracts of Akebiae caulis(木通) and Stephaniae tetrandrae radix(防己) decreased significantly the number of writhing response. 2. Methanol extracts of Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝), Carthami flos(紅花), Akebiae caaulis(木通), Stephaniae tetrandrae radix(防己), Myrrha(沒藥), Corydalidis tuber(玄胡索) and Persicae semen(桃仁) decreased significantly the number of writhing response. 3. Water extracts of Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Akebiae caulis(木通), Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Stephaniae tetrandrae radix(防己) and Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Ledebouriellae radix(防風) decreased the number of writhing response significantly. 4. Methanol extracts of Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Myrrha(沒藥), Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Stephaniae tetrandrae radlx(防己) and Achyranthis bidentatae radix(牛膝) plus Ledebouriellae radix(防風) decreased the number of writhing response significantly.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.751-766
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• 2023

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that naturally thrives in acidic environments and has the potential to induce various gastrointestinal disorders in humans. The antibiotic therapy utilized for treating H. pylori can lead to undesired side effects, such as dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. The objective of our study was to explore the potential antibacterial effects of nisin and lactic acid (LA) in yogurt against H. pylori. Additionally, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of nisin and LA in human gastric (AGS) cells infected with H. pylori. Nisin and LA combination showed the strongest inhibitory activity, with confirmed synergy at 0.375 fractional inhibitory concentration index. Also, post-fermented yogurt with incorporation of nisin exhibited antibacterial effect against H. pylori. The combination of nisin and LA resulted in a significant reduction of mRNA levels of bacterial toxins of H. pylori and pro-inflammatory cytokines in AGS cells infected with H. pylori. Furthermore, this also increased bacterial membrane damage, which led to DNA and protein leakage in H. pylori. Overall, the combination of nisin and LA shows promise as an alternative therapy for H. pylori infection. Additionally, the incorporation of nisin into foods containing LA presents a potential application. Further studies, including animal research, are needed to validate these findings and explore clinical applications.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2011

경찰청에서는 국내 교통문제를 해결하고 국제적 교통운영체계를 수립하기 위하여 "교통운영체계 선진화 방안"사업을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 교통운영체계 선진화 방안의 추진 효과를 분석하였으며, 그 결과 교통소통 및 교통안전측면에서 효과가 있는 것을 밝혔다. 그러나 정책에 대한 시민들의 낮은 인지도, 부적절한 현장적용 등으로 인한 교통사고의 위험 및 정체가중, 교차로 꼬리물기 위반행위 발생 등의 문제점들이 도출되었다. 현재 선진화 방안은 주로 직진우선신호, 비보호좌회전, 점멸신호 운영 등 교통신호운영 방법 개선을 위주로 추진되고 있는데, 향후 최종적으로 교통운영체계 선진화 모든 과제가 복합적으로 도입될 경우 현재 보다는 더 나은 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2019

The Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) System produces a synergy between the sensors and shooters that are used on various platforms by integrating them. Even the US Navy has been recently adopting the CEC system that maximizes the effectiveness of the air defense operations by efficiently coordinating the dispersed air defense assets. The Navy of other countries are conducting research studies on the theory and application methods for the CEC system. The ROK Navy has limited air defense capabilities due to its independent weapons systems on battle ships. Therefore, the ROK Navy is currently going through a phase where research on proving the validity of building the CEC system because it will provide a way to overcome the limit of the platform based air defense capability. In this study, our goal is to propose methods that maximize the air defense capability of ROK Navy, identify the available assets for constructing the CEC system, and estimate effects of the CEC system when it is applied to the naval operations. In addition, we will provide a simple model that was developed to estimate these effects and a case study with virtual data to demonstrate the effects of the system when it is applied to the naval operations. The research result of this study will provide a way for building the basis of the Korean CEC system.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2006

A long-term experiment was carried out to examine the effects of compost on the long-term trends and synergy effects with chemical fertilizer and saving the chemical fertilizers of paddy cropping. The experiment was conducted for the past 36 years with constant amounts of N, P, K and compost in a paddy field at Milyang, South Korea. Grain yield was significantly increased in the plots with compost application. Twenty five years after the compost treatment, grain yield was significantly increased and it reached almost 90% of NPK plots. The effect of rice straw compost on grain yield was not clear during the early cropping years about 60%, but it slightly increased there after about 95% during the late five years. In compost plots, soil organic matter content, K and $SiO_2$ was greater in the compost applied plots than with application of recommended doses of NPK. However, soil pH was reduced in compost applied plots and Ca, and Mg were remained unchanged when compared to the application of recommended doses NPK. Soil nutrient contents were less in compost applied plots than with the application of recommended doses of NPK along with compost but was found to be increased than that of un-fertilized plots. The present study indicated that the application of rice straw compost with NPK is the best of all and followed by NPK and Compost. However, treatment of Compost is time consuming and hard working desired and eventually non economical practice in mechanized agricultural systems, even though Compost is very useful source of improving the soil fertility and its physical characteristics and also the application of inorganic N and P are essential for sustaining high yield.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2014

Background: Extracts of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk has been reported to possess anticancer effects, but the active ingredients and the anti-cancer mechanisms are still unknown. Materials and Methods: The effects of a C mimosoides Lamk extract on cell proliferation and apoptosis induction in human cervical carcinoma cell lines, namely HeLa, SiHa, and C33A, as well as in normal Vero cells, were investigated. Results: Treatment with 5 active fractions (F17-F21) of C mimosoides Lamk methanol extracts inhibited cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Neutral red assays indicated that treatment with F21 significantly decreased the viability of all cervical cancer cell lines compared to F21-treated normal cells. In addition, HPLC analysis revealed that F21 contained multiple phenolic compounds, namely gallic acid, caffeine, vanillic acid, ferulic acid and resveratrol. F21 had the lowest IC50 and, therefore, a much higher cytotoxicity than F20, F17, F19, and F18 by 20-, 25-, 46- and 47- fold, respectively. Analysis of activation of the apoptosis pathway using a caspase 3/7 activity assay revealed that F21 treatment resulted in a considerable increase in caspase activation in all cancer cell lines tested. At the same concentration of F21, HeLa cells had the highest caspase activity (6.5-fold) compared to the control. Conclusion: C mimosoides Lamk may be of value as an alternative therapeutic agent, especially in combination with other compounds offering possible of synergy of action. Moreover, HPV- and non-HPV-related cervical cancer cells may differ in their responses to treatment regimens.