• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.612-624
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• 2024

Background/Aims: The predictive value of the estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) for the development of metabolic syndrome has not yet been extensively explored. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating ePWV as a potential predictor of metabolic syndrome development in middle-aged Korean adults. Methods: Using prospective data obtained from the Ansan-Ansung cohort database, participants without metabolic syndrome at baseline were studied. ePWV was calculated using specific equations based on age and blood pressure. The primary outcome was the incidence of metabolic syndrome during a median follow-up period of 187 months. Results: Among the 6,186 participants, 2,726 (44.1%) developed metabolic syndrome during the follow-up period. ePWV values were categorized into tertiles to assess their predictive value for the development of metabolic syndrome. An ePWV cut-off of 7.407 m/s was identified as a predictor of metabolic syndrome development, with a sensitivity of 0.743 and a specificity of 0.464. Participants exceeding this cut-off, especially those in the third tertile (8.77-14.63 m/s), had a notably higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Specifically, the third tertile exhibited a 52.8% cumulative incidence compared with 30.8% in the first tertile. After adjustments, those in the third tertile faced a 1.530-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome (95% confidence interval, 1.330-1.761). Conclusions: ePWV is a significant predictor of the development of metabolic syndrome. This finding underscores the potential of ePWV as a cardiometabolic risk assessment tool and can thus provide useful information for primary prevention strategies.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 1997

Backgrounds : There has been many studies investigating the causes of farmers' syndrome. In some studies, psychologic stress is related to farmer's syndrome. And the diagnostic criteria of farmer's syndrome is similar to those of generalized anxiety disorder. So we carried out this study to investigate the psychiatric causes of farmers' syndrome. Methods : This study was done in some rural and urban areas of Kyoungsangnam Province, July, August, October and November of 1996. Those who came to free medical service and completed interview, medical examination and laboratory examination and 20-59 years old were 150 persons. And those who came to health center for health examination and completed only interview and 20-59 years old were 94 persons. The questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic factors, health risk factors, farmer's syndrome, work load, BEPSI(inventory to measure stress), Spielberger's state-trait anxiety inventory, self-rating depression scale. To examine statistical significance, we used X2-test, Mantel-Haenszel test for linear association, t-test, ANCOVA, correlation, multiple regression, logistic regression. Results : The prevalence of farmer's syndrome, adjusted for age and sex with population of Kyungsangnam Province of 1993 was 208 per 1,000(90 per 1,000 in men and 329 per 1,000 in women). In bivariate analysis, farmer's syndrome was significantly related to age, sex, job, income, smoking, alcohol drinking, work load, BEPSI, state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, body mass index, Hwa-Byung, hypertension, anemia. However, when age and sex were adjusted, job was not significantly related to farmer's syndrome. The score of farmer's syndrome was significantly related to age, sex, work load, BEPSI, trait anxiety by multiple regression. Farmer's syndrome was significantly related to increasing age(odd ratio 1.079, 95% C.I. 1.060 - 1.099), sex(odds ratio of male 0.434, 95% C.I. 0.349 - 0.540), and BEPSI(odds ratio 1.231, 95% C.I. 1.148 - 1.320) by logistic regression. Results of logistic regression analysis of the component symptoms of farmer's syndrome were as follows. Shoulder stiffness was significantly related to increasing age, female sex and BEPSI. Lumbago was significantly related to increasing age, female sex and trait anxiety. Numb limbs and nocturia was significantly related to increasing age and female sex. Breathlessness was significantly related to work load, sleeplessness was significantly related to depression, dizziness was significantly related to job and state anxiety, and abdominal fullness was significantly related to female sex. Conclusion : Farmers' syndrome was related to work load, but was more related to psychiatric factors such as BEPSI and trait anxiety. And the occupation was not risk factor of farmers' syndrome in this study, so further study is needed to investigate the cause of farmers' syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.462-475
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• 2023

This study is descriptive research to identify the effect of COVID-19 stress on premenstrual syndrome in female college students and the mediating effect of depression and coping with premenstrual syndrome. The data were collected through an on-line survey for 20 days from November 11 to November 30, 2021, targeting female college students attending C College located in S city. As a result of analyzing a total of 161 data, COVID-19 stress was positively correlated with premenstrual syndrome(r=.383, p<.001) and depression(r=.436, p<.001), and coping with premenstrual syndrome had a positive correlation only in premenstrual syndrome(r=.190, p=.016). As a result of verifying the mediating effect of depression and coping with premenstrual syndrome between COVID-19 stress and premenstrual syndrome, COVID-19 stress had a significant direct effect on premenstrual syndrome(β=4.907, p=.002), and depression(β=6.780, p<.001), and depression had a significant direct effect on premenstrual syndrome(β=.383, p=<.001), coping with premenstrual syndrome had a direct effect on premenstrual syndrome(β=4.292, p=.030) respectively. The indirect effect of verifying the mediating effect in the relationship between COVID-19 stress and premenstrual syndrome confirmed that there was a statistically significant effect only in the path via depression(95% CI, 1.282 to 4.140). Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intervention strategy to reduce depression and alleviate premenstrual syndrome symptoms by controlling related stress, such as COVID-19 stress, in preparation for the outbreak of new infectious diseases and pandemic situations such as COVID-19.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation in the treatment to Guillain-Barre Syndrome patients of through case Study. Methods : The subject was a 66-year old woman who has Guillain-Barre Syndrome, showed wrist and hand function decrease in FMA and JTHFT investigation. She received a electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation treatment for 4weeks, 1 per day, 30 minute for each(right, left). Results : After 4 week period, wrist and hand function of FMA was observed increase and JTHFT showed improvement in some items. Conclusion : The use of electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation in the treatment of Guillain-Barre Syndrome who had peripheral neuropathy could been effective to therapy for motor recovery.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2017

Elevated serum uric acid and resting heart rate are risk factors and predictors of metabolic syndrome. However, few studies have examined the optimal cutoff value for serum uric acid and resting heart rate to predict metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Subjects for this study were 22,302 adults (average age 45 years old), who underwent health screening examination from January 2010 to December 2012 at the Health Promotion Center of one hospital in Gyeonggi-do for general health check-up. The uric acid and resting heart rate cutoff values were calculated by ROC analysis for metabolic syndrome. Elevated serum uric acid and resting heart rate were associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. The optimal cutoff value for uric acid level to predict metabolic syndrome in adults was 4.95 mg/dL (male 6.35, female 4.55) and optimal cutoff value for resting heart rate to predict metabolic syndrome was 68 beats per minute (male 66, female 68). However, serum uric acid and resting heart rate were found to have limitations for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-70
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• 2008

Overlap syndrome can be defined as a coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). The association of COPD and SAHS has been suspected because of the frequency of both diseases. Prevalence of COPD and SAHS is respectively 10 and 5% of the adult population over 40 years of age. However, a recent study has shown that the prevalence of SAHS is not higher in COPD than in the general population. The coexistence of the two diseases is only due to chance. SAHS does not affect the pathophysiology of COPD and vice versa. Prevalence of overlap syndrome is expected to occur in about 0.5% of the adult population over 40 years of age. Patients with overlap syndrome have a more profound hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and pulmonary hypertension when compared with patients with SAHS alone or usual COPD patients without SAHS. To treat the overlap syndrome, nocturnal noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) can be applied with or without nocturnal oxygen supplement.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.581-588
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study si to investigate correlation between metabolic syndrome risk factors and oral health status in workers and to propose the integrated and effective management measures. Methods : Subjects were 4,600 workers in industrial company. Data by medical checkup and oral examination were collected from July 13, 2010 to September 12, 2010. Self-reported questionnaire included general characteristics, job description, smoking, drinking, and metabolic syndrome risk factor indicators. Gingivitis, dental calculus and missing tooth tended to have more metabolic syndrome risk factors. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, correlation analysis, logistic regression using SPSS version 18.0. Results : Dental caries revealed 1.146 times higher than the control group. Risk group showed the following results; gingivitis was 1.317 times higher in risk group and 1.612 times in metabolic syndrome. Dental calculus was 1.532 times higher in risk group and 1.557 times in metabolic syndrome. Mssing teeth were 1.976 higher in metabolic syndrome. Conclusions : Metabolic syndrome risk factors had close correlation to poor raol health status. It is necessary to establish the effective plan for the oral health in workers.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.879-882
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• 2011

Purpose: Superior orbital fissure syndrome is a rare neurological complex. Superior orbital fissure syndrome may result from a variety of inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, iatrogenic, traumatic, vascular cause. The author report a patient who suffered from superior orbital fissure syndrome after inferior orbital wall reduction. Methods: A 26-year-old female suffered from inferior orbital wall fracture with inferior gaze limitation and orbital soft tissue herniation. On posttrauma 10 day, inferior orbital wall was reduced using endoscope and porous polyethylene ($Medpor^{(R)}$) was inserted. On immediate postoperation, she reported that extraocular movement was limited in almost any directions. She underwent exploration surgery to release the presence of extraocular muscle impingement. But, there was no observation of extraocular muscle impingement. On postoperative one day, high-dose steroid therapy was started to release superior orbital fissure syndrome which was defined in postoperative computed tomography. Results: After one month of high-dose steroid therapy, extraocular movement limitations improved progressively in all directions. In four months, extraocular movement recovered completely. Conclusion: Superior orbital fissure syndrome may occur after surgical procedure of orbital wall reduction. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with mega-dose corticosteroid is an effective option for avoiding disaster from compressive syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.133-151
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• 2014

Objectives : In this study, the changes of concept of Bianzheng(辨證)[syndrome differentiation] in the traditional medical history are investigated for the purpose of understanding conditions of Korean Medicine in modern times. Methods : The concepts of Zheng(證)[syndrome] and Bianzheng[syndrome differentiation] in Sanghanron(傷寒論) and many important medical literatures were selected and analyzed to overview the historical changes of those. Results : To the modern ages, the concept of Zheng had included the two kinds of concepts, that is, symptom/sing and syndrome with slight changes of meaning. As a abstract meaning of syndrome, Zheng(證) has been systematized and complicated with the times, that means changes of syndrome differentiation. The concept of Zheng has been recognized as the symbol that expresses the characteristics of Traditional Medicine since the modern age that concepts of sign and symptom have flowed from Western Medicine into Traditional Medicine. Conclusions : One of the main key of studies about Bianzheng(辨證) in future would have been harmonizing the balance between the two trends of modern Traditional Medicine, ideation and objectification.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.16-27
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• 2010

1. Backgrounds: There are a lack of comprehensive study on Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea(表熱證泄瀉). Thus, The author examines the content of various literatures related to Tae-eumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea. 2. Methods: Literature examination is used Lee, Je-ma's writings and Sasang Constitutional Medical doctor's writings. Syndrome examination is used Tae-eumin's study on Syndrome of DonguisusebowonGaboGu-bon("咸山沙村東醫壽世保元甲午舊本") and Donguisusebowon("東醫壽世保元") and treatises of the academic world. 3. Results: and Conclusions: 1) "Profuse sweating and reddish and difficult urination"(汗多而小便赤澁) is regard as Taeeumin Interior Febrile Disease(裏熱病). 2) There is no possibility of a misprint about Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea. Taeeumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea is engaged in both the Exterior and Interior(表裏俱病). 3) It is difficult to prescribe GalgeunHaegi-Tang(葛根解肌湯) instead of Galgeunnabokja-Tang(葛根蘿葍子湯). 4) Tae-eumin Exterior Heat syndrome diarrhea is formed in the early period and absorbed into Donguisusebowon ("東醫壽世保元") in the latter period. "Profuse sweating and reddish and difficult urination" is estimated to be added in the latter period.