• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.388-397
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board in the OR waiting room for reduction of anxiety of mothers with child having operation. Method: Nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used in this study. The subjects was 52 mothers whose children underwent elective surgery in one Pediatric Hospital. Informational intervention in this study consisted of four critical stages. State anxiety by Spielberger, mean arterial pressure, and heart rates at preoperative and postoperative period were measured. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square test and t-test with SPSS/PC 10.0 program. Results: 1) There was a significant difference in the state anxiety between the control and the experimental groups. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure between the two groups. 3) There was no significant difference in the heart rate between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that informational intervention delivered by electronic patient information board would be an effective intervention during the operation in reducing anxiety of mothers with child having operation.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the active pain management (APM) with structured physiotherapy (SPT) with the conservative care on postoperative pulmonary complications, pain, and comfort in children under three year. Method: A non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized design study was used. A total of 64 children participated in the study. The children in the experimental group (n=32) received APM with SPT after surgical operation. After transferred to the general unit, the parents were instructed to hold the child for 30 minutes to relieve anxiety and have him/her sleep comfortably for 2 hours. Scheduled 20 minutes chest percussion was performed by the parents for 2 days: twice every 4 hours, one in 6 hours, then one every 8 hours for the rest of two days. Analgesic was administered as needed. Pain and comfort were observed and recorded by nurses using the FLACC and COMFORT Behavior Scale. Results: One child in the control group was diagnosed with postoperative pneumonia. The children in the experimental group who were received the APM with SPT reported higher scores in comfort and lower scores in pain than those in the control group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that APM with SPT can help prevent postoperative pulmonary complications and pain.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2014

This paper presents an external light evasion method that rectifies the problem of misrecognition due to external lighting. The fundamental concept underlying the proposed method involves recognition of the differences between two images and elimination of the desynchronized external light by synchronizing the image sensor and inner light source of the optical touch screen. A range of artificial indoor light sources and natural sunlight are assessed. The proposed system synchronizes with a Vertical Synchronization (VSYNC) signal and the light source drive signal of the image sensor. Therefore, it can display synchronized light of the acquired image through the image sensor and remove external light that is not from the light source. A subtraction operation is used to find the differences and the absolute value of the result is utilized; hence, the order is irrelevant. The resulting image, which displays only a touched blob on the touchscreen, was created after image processing for coordination recognition and was then supplied to a coordination extraction algorithm.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권12호
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• pp.108-114
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• 1995

Recently, along wtih the advance of high-performance system, synchronous DRAM's (SDRAM's) which provide consecutive data output synchronized with an external clock signal, have been reported. However, in the conventional SDRAM's which utilize a multi-stage serial pipelined scheme, the column path is divided into multi-stages depending on CAS latency N. Thus, as the operating speed and CAS latency increase, new stages must be added, thereby causing a large area penalty due to additinal latches and I/O lines. In the proposed register-based parallel pipelined scheme, (N-1) registers are located between the read data bus line pair and the data output buffer and the coming data are sequentially stored. Since the column data path is not divided and the read data is directly transmitted to the registers, the busrt read operation can easily be achieved at higher frequencies without a large area penalty and degradation of internal timing margin. Simulation results for 0.32um-Tech. 4-Bank 64M SDRAM show good operation at 200MHz and an area increment is less than 0.1% when CAS latency N is increased from 3 to 4.. This pipelined scheme is more advantageous as the operating frequency increases.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2012

Purpose: Most of postoperative patients experience pain, state anxiety and sleep disturbance. These problems negatively influence the recovery of postoperative patients. So alleviating these problems has been one of the nurses' central roles. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of back massage on pain, state anxiety and quality of sleep of postoperative gastrectomy patients. Methods: A non-synchronized non-equivalent control group pre and post-test design was used. The research instruments used in this study were the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, the State-Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for anxiety and the Verran and Synder-Halpern scale for quality of sleep. The subjects were patients admitted to a university hospital located in D city. Twenty-nine patients in the experimental group had a 10 minute manual back massage stimulation for 5 days from the 1st day to the 5th day after their operation, and 25 patients in the control group did not. Results: The degree of pain was significantly reduced according to post operation day and quality of sleep was significantly increased. However state anxiety was not significantly reduced. Conclusion: Back massage is a partially effective nursing intervention for postoperative patients with gastrectomy who experience pain and sleep disturbance.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2011

Purpose: A purpose of this study was to identify the effects of cold water gargling on thirst, oral cavity condition and sore throat in orthopedics surgery patients who underwent general anesthesia. Methods: Pretest-posttest non-synchronized design with a nonequivalent control group was used. A total of 52 participants were conveniently selected and assigned to each group. The experimental group gargled hourly with cold water for 8 hours after operation. The control group received wet gauze as needed. We compared the thirst, oral cavity condition and sore throat at 0, 2, 4 and 8 hours after operation. Results: The score of thirst and oral cavity condition was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. However, there was no significant differences in the levels of sore throat between the experimental and control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cold water gargling can be a useful nursing intervention for alleviating thirst and improving oral condition for patients with orthopedic surgery after general anesthesia.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2011

The modern digital logic technology does not yet satisfy the speed requirements of real-time DSP circuits due to synchronized operation of multiplication and accumulation. This operation degrades DSP performance. Therefore, the double-base number system (DBNS) has emerged in DSP system as an alternative methodology because of fast multiplication and hardware simplicity. In this paper, authors propose a novel multiplication architecture. One operand is an output of a flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in DBNS format, while the other operand is a coefficient in the IEEE standard floating-point number format. The DBNS digital output from ADC is produced through a new double base number encoder (DBNE). The multiplied output is in the format of the IEEE standard floating-point number (FPNS). The proposed circuits process multiplication and conversion together. Compared to a typical multiplier that uses the FPNS, the proposed multiplier also consumes 45% less gates, and 44% faster than the FPNS multiplier on Spartan-3 FPGA board. The design is verified with FIR filter applications.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 항공기로부터 얻어지는 다수의 다중 분광영상을 자동적인 모자이킹 방법을 개발함으로써 수작업을 최대한 줄이는데 목적을 두었다. DuncanTech MS4100 카메라를 이용하여 2436개의 녹색, 적색, 근적외 삼분광 영상이 획득되었다. 카메라 영상과 함께 관측한 LIDAR(LIght Detection And Ranging)자료와 항공기의 위치와 자세를 측정하기위해 GPS/INS(global positioning system/inertial navigation system)자료도 산출되었다. 다수의 다중 분광 영상은 우선 무감독 분류를 적용하여 영상 패턴으로 변환하였다. 인접한 영상의 패턴을 비교하여 각 영상의 상대적인 공간의 위치를 파악하였다. 모든 항공 영상 중에서 80%의 인접한 영상 패턴의 일치율을 파악하고 모자이킹할 수 있었다. 다음으로 GPS/INS자료와 무감독 분류를 혼합한 방법으로 항공 영상을 자동 모자이킹 수행하였다. GPS/INS자료와 영상 포착시점의 불일치로 연속되는 GPS/INS자료 중에 무감독 분류를 이용한 영상 패턴의 일치율을 조사하여 영상포착시점에 일치하는 GPS/INS자료를 선택하였다. 이 혼합방법으로 96%의 영상을 모자이킹했으며, LIDAR자료와의 검정에서 공간적 정도 RMSE는 1.44 m에 불과했다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.785-797
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• 2014

EtherCAT의 시계 동기화 기법인 DC(Distributed Clock)는 실시간 분산 제어 시스템에서 고도로 동기화된 기능의 설계를 가능하게 한다. 본 논문은 실제 자동화 시스템에서의 광범위한 실험을 통해 EtherCAT DC 기법의 성능을 평가한다. Xenomai와 IgH EtherCAT 스택을 이용하여 EtherCAT 제어 시스템을 구축하고, 네트워크 내의 노드 간 시계 편차를 분석한다. 실험 결과, 동기 시계의 정확도는 슬레이브 장치의 개수, 드리프트 보정의 주기, 시스템 기준 시계의 종류 등 많은 요소에 의해 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 시스템 기준 시계의 종류에 따라 마스터 장치의 동작이 근본적으로 상이하며 매우 다른 성능 특성을 초래하므로, 기준 시계의 선택은 신중히 이루어져야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 태양광 발전시스템을 이용한 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 전압형 인버터를 전력변환기로 구성하였고, 안정된 변조를 위해서 동기신호와 제어신호를 56F8323 마이크로프로세서에 의해서 처리하였다. PWM 전압형 인버터는 태양전지가 연속 발전할 수 없는 단점을 보완하기 위해 일반 상용전원과 연계함으로써 약 10~20[%]의 전력 절감 효과를 얻을 수 있는 에너지 절약 전원 복합형 전력변환장치로 구성하였다. 그리고 PWM 전압형 인버터와 위상동기를 위해서 계통전압을 검출하고 계통전압과 인버터 출력을 동상 운전하므로 잉여전력을 계통과 연계할 수 있게 하였다. 또한, 고조파를 절감한 출력을 유지함으로써 부하와 계통에 전력이 안정하게 공급될 수 있도록 제어 시스템을 적용하여 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.