• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

Inguinal hernia is the most frequent problem requiring surgery in children. Moreover, subsequent contralateral occurrence after repair of the symptomatic unilateral inguinal hernia(UIH) is not rare, This study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of inguinal ultrasonography (IUS) for potential bilateral inguinal hernia (BIH). A prospective study was performed for preschool children less than 6 years of age who were diagnosed as UIH from July 1999 to December 2000. We selected 58 cases with potential BIH, based on the past history, such as prematurity, ventriculo peritoneal shunt, family history of BIH. hernia on the left side (LIH), age below 2, female, and contralateral positive silk glove sign on the physical examination, Screening with IUS and bilateral surgical exploration were applied on these cases. Forty-seven cases were males (81.0%) and 11 cases were females (19.0%). Thirty four were infants. Symptomatic right inguinal hernia (RIH) were 28 (48.3%), and LIH were 30 cases (51.7%). Six cases had no evidence of contralateral patent process vaginalis (PPV) by IUS but showed contralateral PPV by operation. Two cases were suspicious to contralateral PPV under IUS, but operative findings were negative. Fifty cases showed contralateral PPV by IUS as well as operation. The detection rate of contralateral PPV under IUS was 86.2%. The preoperative IUS may reduce contralateral exploration.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Asthma, remains symptomatic despite ongoing treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in conjunction with long-acting beta-agonists (LABA), is classified as "severe" asthma. In the course of caring for those patients diagnosed with severe asthma, stepping up from ICS/LABA to more aggressive therapeutic measures would be justified, though several aspects have to be checked in advance (including inhaler technique, adherence to therapy, and possible associated comorbidities). That accomplished, it would be advisable to step up care in accordance with the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations. Possible strategies include the addition of a leukotriene receptor antagonist or tiotropium (to the treatment regimen). The latter has been shown to be effective in the management of several subgroups of asthma. Oral corticosteroids have commonly been used for the treatment of patients with severe asthma in the past; however, the use of oral corticosteroids is commonly associated with corticosteroid-related adverse events and comorbidities. Therefore, according to GINA 2017 these patients should be referred to experts who specialize in the treatment of severe asthma to check further therapeutic options including biologics before starting treatment with oral corticosteroids.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2018

Bronchodilator therapy is central to the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and are recommended as the preferred treatment by the Global Obstructive Lung Disease Initiative (GOLD). Long acting anti-muscarinics (LAMA) and long acting ${\beta}_2$ agonists (LABA) are both more effective than regular short-acting drugs but many patients remain symptomatic despite monotherapy with these drugs. Combination therapy with LAMA and LABA increases the therapeutic benefit while minimizing dose-dependent side effects of long-acting bronchodilator therapy. The TOviTO programme has investigated the benefits of treatment with a combination of tiotropium and olodaterol administered via a single inhaler. Tiotropium+olodaterol $5/5{\mu}g$ significantly improved forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) area under the curve from 0 to 3 hours, trough $FEV_1$ health status and breathlessness versus the mono-components and placebo. Tiotropium+olodaterol $5/5{\mu}g$ also increased endurance time and reduced dynamic hyperinflation during constant work rate cycle ergometry. On the basis of these and other studies the 2017 GOLD report recommends escalating to dual bronchodilator therapy in patients in groups B and C if they remain symptomatic or continue to have exacerbations and as initial therapy for patients in group D.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2014

Objectives The aim of this study was to report significant improvement of hyperhidrosis after treatment with Hyungbangsabaek-san (荊防瀉白散), in a Soyangin Mangeum Symptomatic pattern Patient. Methods The patients were diagnosed with Soyang Sin-Yeol Du-Tong Mang-Eum Symptomatology(身熱頭痛亡陰證) and treated with Hyungbangsabaek-san(荊防瀉白散). The primary outcome measure for this study were sweat using a questionnaire with visual analogue scale(VAS). Secondary outcome assessment included change of odinary symptoms such as patient's sleep, feces and digestion. Results The symptoms of hyperhidrosis disappeared by the end of the accure period without side effect. Original symptoms were also changed. Conclusions This result show Hyungbangsabaek-san(荊防瀉白散) can be used to treat hyperhidrosis in a Soyangin Heat-related diarrhea accompanied by headache Mangeum(身熱頭痛亡陰) symptomatic pattern patient. Meaning and process of hyperhidrosis are different according to Sasang Constitutions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2005

Sulfur, an important component of plants, is regulated by a variety of stresses in sulfate assimilation and metabolism. Increase has been observed in the expression of O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase (OASTL) through two-dimensional electrophoresis with the shoot tips of Arabidopsis infected by beet severe curly top geminivirus (BSCTV). With the three- to six-fold increases in the transcript expression of OASTL, serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and $\gamma$-glutmylcysteine synthetase (GSH) were induced over the mock-inoculated organization in each organization through real-time RT-PCR analysis. The expression of those genes might affect the accumulation of anthocyanin in symptomatic tissues and the induction of abnormal callus-like structures formed by additional cell divisions as typical disease symptoms of BSCTV-infected Arabidopsis. This is the first report to describe the collaborative induction of OASTL, SAT, and GSH in virus-infected plants. The changed expressions of OASTL, SAT, and GSH in Arabidopsis infected with BSCTV raises new aspects regarding the biological function of symptomatic tissues related to sulfate metabolism.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.83-85
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• 2014

Dural ectasia refers to the widening or ballooning of the dural sac surrounding the spinal cord. It can affect any plane of the spinal canal, but occurs primarily in the lumbosacral region. Dural ectasia is present in 63-92% patients who have Marfan syndrome, and is related to Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, neurofibromatosis type I, and ankylosing spondylitis. The most common symptoms are low back pain, headache, weakness, numbness above and below the affected limb, and occasional rectal and genital pain. However, in most patients, dural ectasia is usually asymptomatic. We report the case of a 5-year-old boy who presented with a severe headache who had been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. During the evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar and sacral spine revealed dural ectasia. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Marfan syndrome with symptomatic dural ectasia in Korea. We concluded that dural ectasia should be suspected in patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome who have a severe headache.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.569-573
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• 2000

Spinal meningeal cyst of the sacrum is uncommon congenital lesion. We experienced two cases of sacral meningeal cyst, so called Tarlov's cyst, who presented with radiating pain. Magnetic resonance imaging is a highly effective way of locating and approximating the size of these entities, which generally appear as intraspinal masses of low intensity on T1-weighted and high intensity on T2-weighted images, similar to cerebrospinal fluid(CSF). We evaluated 2 patients who had Tarlov's cyst diagnosed with conventional MRI. The clinical features, radiological findings, gross appearances of the lesion at surgery, surgical technique, histopathological features of the cyst wall, and surgical outcome are described. We conclude that excellent result can be expected in the case of symptomatic Tarlov's cyst by surgical decompression.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.350-360
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• 2016

Objective The aim of this study was to report significant improvement of primary insomnia in a Soyangin Cold-related diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain Symptomatic pattern Patient. Methods The patients were diagnosed with Soyangin Cold-related diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain Symptomatology(身寒腹痛亡陰證) and treated with Hyungbangjihwang-tang(荊防地黃湯). The primary outcome measures for this study were condition of sleep using a questionnaire with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Secondary outcome assessment included change of original symptoms such as patient's digestion, sweating and feces. Result The symptoms of primary insomnia improved by the end of the a treatment period without side effect. original symptoms were also changed. Conclusions This result show Hyungbangjihwang-tang(荊防地黃湯) can be used to treat primary insomnia in a Soyangin Cold related Mangeum Symptomatic Pattern accompanied by abdominal pain Symptomatology(身寒腹痛亡陰證). Meaning and process of primary insomnia are different according to Sasang Constitutions.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.62-77
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to anaylze randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of herbal medicine for hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods: We searched the randomized controlled trials that intervented oral herbal medicine treatment on hyperemesis gravidarum retrieved using seven domestic and foreign databases. Literature search was conducted on April 19, 2021. Results: 185 studies were searched, and 7 were finally selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All subjects were treated with western symptomatic treatment and in treatment group, additional oral herbal medicine was administered. Although the evaluation index was different for each study, all the indexes in the treatment group were significantly improved compared to the control group. Conclusions: Herbal medicine treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum showed significant effectiveness compared to western symptomatic treatment. In the future, additional studies are needed to evaluate the safety of herbal medicine treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.665-670
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• 2021

Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and delayed ischemic neurologic deficit (DIND) after unruptured aneurysm surgery are extremely rare. Its onset timing is variable, and its mechanisms are unclear. We report two cases of CVS with DIND after unruptured aneurysm surgery and review the literature regarding potential mechanisms. The first case is a 51-year-old woman with non-hemorrhagic vasospasm after unruptured left anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery. She presented with delayed vasospasm on postoperative day 14. The second case is a 45-year-old woman who suffered from oculomotor nerve palsy caused by an unruptured posterior communicatig artery (PCoA) aneurysm. DIND with non-hemorrhagic vasospasm developed on postoperative day 12. To our knowledge, this is the first report of symptomatic CVS with oculomotor nerve palsy following unruptured PCoA aneurysm surgery. CVS with DIND after unruptured aneurysm surgery is very rare and can be triggered by multiple mechanisms, such as hemorrhage, mechanical stress to the arterial wall, or the trigemino-cerebrovascular system. For unruptured aneurysm surgery, although it is rare, careful observation and treatments can be needed for postoperative CVS with DIND.