• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.122-133
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• 1999

Uses can share information and use resources effectively by using TCP/IP-based networks. So, a protocol to manage complex networks effectively is needed. For the management of the distributed networks, the SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol) has been adopted as an international standard in 1989, and the SNMPv2 in which a security function was added was published in 1993. There are two encryption schemes in SNMPv2, the one is a DES using symmetric encryption scheme and the other is a MD5(Message Digest5) hash function for authentication. But the DES has demerits that a key length is a few short and the encryption and the authentication is executed respectively. In order to solve these problems, wer use a RSA cryptography in this paper. In this paper, we examine the items related with SNMP. In addition to DES and MD5 propose in SNMPv3, we chance security functionality by adopting RSA, a public key algorithm executing the encryption and the authentication simultaneously. The proposed SNMPv3 security module is written in JAVA under Windows NT environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.772-784
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• 2012

Marker-assisted gene pyramiding aims to produce individuals with superior economic traits according to the optimal breeding scheme which involves selecting a series of favorite target alleles after cross of base populations and pyramiding them into a single genotype. Inspired by the science of evolutionary computation, we used the metaphor of hill-climbing to model the dynamic behavior of gene pyramiding. In consideration of the traditional cross program of animals along with the features of animal segregating populations, four types of cross programs and two types of selection strategies for gene pyramiding are performed from a practical perspective. Two population cross for pyramiding two genes (denoted II), three population cascading cross for pyramiding three genes(denoted III), four population symmetry (denoted IIII-S) and cascading cross for pyramiding four genes (denoted IIII-C), and various schemes (denoted cross program-A-E) are designed for each cross program given different levels of initial favorite allele frequencies, base population sizes and trait heritabilities. The process of gene pyramiding breeding for various schemes are simulated and compared based on the population hamming distance, average superior genotype frequencies and average phenotypic values. By simulation, the results show that the larger base population size and the higher the initial favorite allele frequency the higher the efficiency of gene pyramiding. Parents cross order is shown to be the most important factor in a cascading cross, but has no significant influence on the symmetric cross. The results also show that genotypic selection strategy is superior to phenotypic selection in accelerating gene pyramiding. Moreover, the method and corresponding software was used to compare different cross schemes and selection strategies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2014

The present work proposes an improved numerical simulator for design and modification of large area capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) processing chamber. CCP, as notoriously well-known, demands the tremendously huge computational cost for carrying out transient analyses in realistic multi-dimensional models, because electron dissociations take place in a much smaller time scale (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-8{\sim}10-10$) than time scale of those happened between neutrals (${\Delta}t{\approx}10-1{\sim}10-3$), due to the rf drive frequencies of external electric field. And also, for spatial discretization of electron flux (Je), exponential scheme such as Scharfetter-Gummel method needs to be used in order to alleviate the numerical stiffness and resolve exponential change of spatial distribution of electron temperature (Te) and electron number density (Ne) in the vicinity of electrodes. Due to such computational intractability, it is prohibited to simulate CCP deposition in a three-dimension within acceptable calculation runtimes (<24 h). Under the situation where process conditions require thickness non-uniformity below 5%, however, detailed flow features of reactive gases induced from three-dimensional geometric effects such as gas distribution through the perforated plates (showerhead) should be considered. Without considering plasma chemistry, we therefore simulated flow, temperature and species fields in three-dimensional geometry first, and then, based on that data, boundary conditions of two-dimensional plasma discharge model are set. In the particular case of SiH4-NH3-N2-He CCP discharge to produce deposition of SiNxHy thin film, a cylindrical showerhead electrode reactor was studied by numerical modeling of mass, momentum and energy transports for charged particles in an axi-symmetric geometry. By solving transport equations of electron and radicals simultaneously, we observed that the way how source gases are consumed in the non-isothermal flow field and such consequences on active species production were outlined as playing the leading parts in the processes. As an example of application of the model for the prediction of the deposited thickness uniformity in a 300 mm wafer plasma processing chamber, the results were compared with the experimentally measured deposition profiles along the radius of the wafer varying inter-electrode gap. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2012

For digital data compression, the quantization is the main part of the lossy source coding. In order to improve the performance of quantization, the vector quantizer(VQ) can be employed. The encoding complexity, however, exponentially increases as the vector dimension or bit rate gets large. Much research has been conducted to alleviate such problems of VQ. Especially for high bit rates, a constrained VQ, which is called the sample-adaptive product quantizer(SAPQ), has been proposed for reducing the hugh encoding complexity of regular VQs. SAPQ has very similar structure as to the product VQ(PQ). However, the quantizer performance can be better than the PQ case. Further, the encoding complexity and the memory requirement for the codebooks are lower than the regular full-search VQ case. Among SAPQs, 1-SAPQ has a simple quantizer structure, where each product codebook is symmetric with respect to the diagonal line in the underlying vector space. It is known that 1-SAPQ shows a good performance for i.i.d. sources. In this paper, a study on designing 1-SAPQ for the first-order Markov process. For an efficient design of 1-SAPQ, an algorithm for the initial codebook is proposed, and through the numerical analysis it is shown that 1-SAPQ shows better quantizer distortion than the VQ case, of which encoding complexity is similar to that of 1-SAPQ, and shows distortions, which are close to that of the DPCM(differential pulse coded modulation) scheme with the Lloyd-Max quantizer.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.519-528
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• 2023

The visual characteristics of the World Cup emblem play an important role in conveying culture and identity, highlighting the key elements of the Games, and strengthening the brand image. This study first investigated the visual elements and theoretical background of the emblem through previous studies. Second, the selection of symbolism, shape, and color was the subject of the study. Third, based on the shape-related theory based on the '100 National Cultural Symbols', the analysis was performed using the 'IRI Color Matching Image Scale' as a tool, and a final conclusion was drawn. The World Cup emblem uses a lot of ethnic and living symbols, and the living and ethnic symbols are expressed in a combination. In the beginning, there were many symmetric shapes, but after that it changed to an asymmetric shape. The curved expression form is more used than the straight expression form. And most of the color arrangement image scale distribution shows light, dynamic and modern color arrangement characteristics. In the future, the World Cup emblem design will continue to use national and living symbols. The shape of the emblem should use curves and asymmetric designs, be intuitive, and directly reflect the theme of the competition. In addition, the national flag color should be used as the main color, and other colors should be used as secondary colors. The combination of colors must match the light, dynamic and modern color characteristics of the IRI color scheme image scale.