• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity of the lower extremity during driver swing in three-foot positions (Feet Open Stance, Feet Straight Stance, Lead Foot Open Stance). The electromyograms of gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and vastus lateralis during swing were measured and analyzed in three sections (take away - back swing, back swing - down swing, and down swing - follow swing). There was no significant difference in muscle activity according to foot position. Muscle activity according to phase was significantly higher in right gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior, and the left and right vastus lateralis in down swing - follow swing. In conclusion, the difference in muscle activity according to foot position is insignificant, and it is considered that the muscle activity to maintain the balance of the body increases toward the end of swing.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1706-1710
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• 2019

Background: Despite frequent shoulder injuries of rotator cuff muscle of golfers by the result of overuse and poor swing mechanics, there is little research on shoulder specific rehabilitation exercises for injured rotator cuff muscle and golf swing Objective: To examined the effect of rehabilitation exercise for golfers on the X factor and ground reaction force (GRF) according to phase of the golf swing. Design: Crossover study Methods: The participants were 13 amateur golfers selected for a 4 week rehabilitation exercise for golfers. A rehabilitation exercise for golfers consisting of 5 steps and 4 items (sleeper stretch, full side plank, push up to plank, high plank knee unders) were applied to all participants. A three dimensional motion analyzer and force platform (SMART-E, BTS, Italy) were used to measure the X factor (angle between shoulder and pelvis at top of back swing) and GRF according to phase of the golf swing. All dependent variables were measured before and after exercise. The collected data was analyzed using the paired t test and SPSS 21.0. Results: The GRF had a statistically significant increase in the impact phase and ratio impact/weight after rehabilitation exercise for golfers (p<.05). The X-factor, GRF in top of back swing and finish were no significant differences between before and after exercise (p>.05). Conclusions: These results suggested that rehabilitation exercise for golfers was effective for increasing GRF in the impact phase and ratio impact/weight for amateur golfer.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.685-694
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• 2001

In this study, a transfemoral prosthesis system of which both stance phase and swing phase are controllable has been developed for the recovery of the biomechanical function of the amputated leg. It consists of a 5 bar link mechanism, a hydraulic-rubber knee damper for stance phase control and a pneumatic cylinder controlled via a microprocessor for stance phase control. The mechanical characteristics of the knee damper which absorbs the impact energy generated at the heel contact were investigated. The characteristics of the pneumatic cylinder essential for the speed adaptation of the prosthesis during swing phase were also studied for its mechanical characteristics. The prosthesis was subject to the clinical tests, and the gait characteristics obtained were very close to those of normal subjects. The stance and swing controlled prosthesis that were developed in this study showed good stability during the stance phase and showed good controllability during the swing phase.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.504-509
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• 2000

In this study, a transfemoral prosthesis system of which stance phase and swing phase are controlled during walking has been developed for the recovery of the biomechanical function of the amputated leg. It consists of a 5 bar link mechanism, a hydraulic-rubber knee damper for stance phase control and a pneumatic cylinder controlled via a microprocessor for stance phase control. The mechanical characteristics and behaviour of the knee damper which absorbs the impact energy generated at the heel contact was investigated. The characteristics of the pneumatic cylinder essential for the speed adaptation of the prosthesis during swing phase was also studied for its mechanical characteristics. The prosthesis was subject to the clinical test ant the gait characteristics obtained were very close to those of normal. The stance and swing controlled prosthesis that were developed in this study showed good stability during the stance phase and showed good controllability during the swing phase.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the muscle activations between the professional golfers without low back pain symptom and the professional golfers with low back pain symptom, and so identify the stress related to golf swings, and provide the basic data to minimize the low back pain and the injury risk. Using surface electrode electromyography, we evaluated muscle activity in 6 male professional golfers during the golf drive swing. Surface electrodes were used to record the level of muscle activity in the Abdominal Oblique, Elector Spinae, Rectus Abdominis, Gluteus Maximus muscles during the golfer's swing. These signals were compared with %RVC(Reference voluntary contraction) which was normalized by IEMG(Integrated EMG). The golf swing was divided into five phases: take away, forward swing, acceleration, early follow through, late follow through. we observed patterns of trunk muscle activity throughout five phases of the golf swing. The results can be summarized as follows: RES(Right Elector Spinae) had statistically significant difference in take away phase, LGM(Left Gluteus Maximus), LRA(Left Rectus Abdominis), LOA(Left Oblique Abdominal) had statistically significant difference in forward swing phase, RES(Right Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus), ROA(Right Oblique Abdominal) had statistically significant difference in acceleration phase, RES(Right Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus) had statistically significant difference in early follow-through phase, LES(Left Elector Spinae), RGM(Right Gluteus Maximus) had statistically significant difference in late follow through phase.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.632-639
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of drive swing on multiple functional wear wearing in golf. The subjects were 6 men ($22.67{\pm}0.82$ yrs, $175.42{\pm}3.42cm$, $78.75{\pm}4.78kg$), who had career each with at least 8 yers golf experience with right-hander. For kinemetical analysis, this study used equipments with 7 motion capture cameras (300Hz) and analysis program (Nexus1.5). The total time of the club head, displacement magnitude of the COM and swing plane were compared of according to functional wear wearing and non-weraing during golf drive swing. The results of the study are as follows. The total time of the club on wearing ($2.18{\pm}0.06sec$) was faster than non-wearing ($2.52{\pm}0.15sec$). Displacement magnitude of the COM on wearing ($4.06{\pm}0.67cm$) was shorter than non-wearing ($5.79{\pm}0.72cm$). Also, swing plane was found to be significantly different of 3 phase excepted BST-DS (back swing top-down swing) phase. AD-BST (address-back swing top) phase on wearing ($13.86{\pm}3.08cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($20.82{\pm}3.99cm$), DS-IP (down swing-impact) phase on wearing ($6.25{\pm}1.35cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($7.18{\pm}1.52cm$) and IP-FT (impact-follow though) phase on wearing ($7.93{\pm}2.09cm$) decrease more than non-wearing($9.68{\pm}2.02cm$). The multiple functional wear wearing was contribution to come close for one-plane, a long with consistency and accuracy on golf drive swing.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between trunk stabilization muscle activation and the parameters of gait analysis in healthy individuals. Methods: Thirty healthy adults (15 male, 15 female) with no history of lower back pain (LBP) or current musculoskeletal and neurological injuries were studied. Trunk stabilization muscle activation (e.g., external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, erector spinae) were assessed using surface electromyography. To analyze gait, we measured temporal parameters (e.g., gait velocity, single support phase, double support phase, swing phase, and stance phase) and a spatial parameter (e.g., H-H base of support). Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between the internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and erector spinae muscle activity and gait velocity, single support phase, double support phase, swing phase, and stance phase. No statistically significant correlation was found between the external oblique muscle activity and the gait velocity, single support phase, double support phase, swing phase, and stance phase. No statistically significant correlation was found between the external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and erector spinae muscle activity and the spatial parameter. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a relationship exists between trunk stabilization muscle activation and temporal parameter (i.e., gait velocity, single support phase, double support phase, swing phase, and stance phase) during gait analysis. Therefore, the trunk's stabilizer muscles play an important role in the gait of healthy individuals.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the batting characteristics in elite baseball players. Seven skilled collegiate players hit the ball which was thrown by a pitching machine linearly and strongly to the center of the field. Time, velocity, angle and pound reaction force variables were measured by using high-speed video cameras and pound reaction force analyzer. The results were as follows: 1. The elite players finished their stride performance in a short time and they stayed longer in a swing phase. The increases in the range of trunk rotation were associated with the delay of the swing phase. 2. The 'take-back' phenomenon in the trunk was showed after the stride phase. 3. The down swing demonstrated powerful line drives. 4. Equivalent body weights were placed on both feet during the ready phase. 95% of the body weights were moved to the rear foot during the stride phase, whereas the body weights were driven to the front foot during the swing phase. 95% of the body weights were placed on the front foot at impact.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2013

본 연구는 엉치엉덩관절 통증을 동반한 만성 요통환자 52명을 대상으로 6주 간 골반운동프로그램 및 전통적 물리치료를 병행한 실험군 27명과 전통적 물리치료만을 중재한 대조군 25명을 무작위 임상 표본 추출 하였다. 두 군 모두 통증의 정도를 알아보는 오스웨스트리-요통장애지수검사와 보행 시 엉덩관절의 각도분석을 한 후, 집단별 실험 전과 실험 후의 오스웨스트리-요통장애지수검사와 보행 시 엉덩관절의 각도분석을 비교하여 골반안정화 운동프로그램이 엉치엉덩관절 통증을 동반한 만성요통환자의 통증과 엉덩관절에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 요통의 변화는 집단 내와 집단 간에서 모두 유의하게 감소되었음을 알 수 있었고, 엉덩관절 각도비교에서는 실험군내 좌측 엉덩관절에서 중간디딤기, 말기디딤기, 유각전기, 초기흔들기와 우측 엉덩관절의 중간디딤기, 말기디딤기, 유각전기, 초기흔들기에서 차이가 있었다. 대조군 내 좌측 엉덩관절에서는 중간디딤기, 말기디딤기, 초기흔들기와 우측 엉덩관절의 체중전달기, 중간디딤기, 말기흔들기, 유각전기에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 골반안정화 운동프로그램이 통증을 포함한 요통기능장애수준에 효과적이고 보행 시 입각기와 유각기 동안 엉덩관절의 굽힘과 폄이 리듬 있게 이동하여 보행이 대칭적으로 자연스럽게 이동되는데 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the flexion withdrawal reflex modulated during Lokomat treadmill walking in people with spinal cord injury. The influence of the limb position and movement were tested in 5 subjects with chronic spinal cord injury. EMG activities from tibialis anterior and moments of the hip joint elicited by the foot stimulation were examined during Lokomat treadmill walking. To trigger the flexion withdrawal reflex during Lokomat treadmill walking, a train of 10 stimulus pulses was applied at the skin of the medial arch. The TA EMG activity was modulated during gait phase and the largest TA reflex was obtained after heel-off and initial swing phase. During swing phase, TA EMG was 40.9% greater for the extended hip position (phase 6), compared with flexed hip position (phase 8). The measured reflex moment of the hip joint was also modulated during gait phase. In order to characterize the neural contribution of flexion reflex at the hip joint, we compared estimated moments consisted of the static and dynamic components with measured moment of the hip joint. The mean static gains of reflex hip moments for swing and stance phase are -0.1, -0.8, respectively. The mean dynamic gains of reflex hip moments are 0.25 for swing, 0.75 for stance phase. From this study, we postulate that the joint moment and muscle response of flexion withdrawal reflex have the phase-dependent modulation and linear relationship with hip angle and angular velocity for swing phase during Lokomat treadmill walking.