• 제목/요약/키워드: Swine feces

검색결과 72건 처리시간 0.024초

Digestibility of nitrogen and dry matter of oilseed meals and distillers dried grains supplemented in swine diets

  • Park, Sung-Kwon;Cho, Eun-Seok;Jeong, Yong-Dae;Sa, Soo-Jin
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제43권5호
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    • pp.769-776
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to investigate the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) in oilseed meals and distillers dried grains (DDG) fed to growing-finishing pigs. As experimental animals, eleven barrows (initial body weight, $71.7{\pm}17.0kg$) were housed in individual metabolism cages. The experimental design consisted of an $11{\times}8$ incomplete Latin square with 11 dietary treatments and 8 replication periods. The diets were individually formulated with dehulled soybean meal produced in Korea (SBM-KD), soybean meal produced in India (SBM-I), soybean meal produced in Korea (SBM-K), corn high-protein distiller dried grains (HPDDG), tapioca distillers dried grains (TDDG), canola meal (CAM), corn germ meal (CGM), copra meal (COM), palm kernel meal (PKM), sesame meal (SM), and perilla meal (PM). Pigs with SBM-KD and SBM-K showed greater (p < 0.05) intake of N than SBM-I, HPDDG, and PKM. Total feces output was decreased (p < 0.05) in SBMs (SBM-KD, -I, and -K), HPDDG, and CGM compared with TDDG, SM, and PM. The DM in excreted feces was decreased (p < 0.05) in SBMs and CGM compared to TDDG, SM, and PM. Similarly, the SM and PM fed to pigs resulted in greater (p < 0.05) fecal excretion of N than the others. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM in SBMs and CGM was greater (p < 0.05) than TDDG, SM, and PM. The SBMs fed to pigs showed higher (p < 0.05) ATTD of N than TDDG, COM, SM, and PM. In conclusion, our results provided nutritional information about various ingredients and would be useful to contain more precise amounts of nutrients included in feed ingredients of pig diet.

논문 - 바이오가스화 도입을 위한 양돈농가 가축분뇨 발생 및 특성분석 (Generation and Characteristics Analysis of Swine Manure for Introducing Biogas System)

  • 최은희;윤영만;김창현
    • 한국관개배수논문집
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2011
  • The 21 livestock farms considering future installation of biogas systems were studied. These farms were examined how to raise the livestock, to treat manure, to operate facility with respect to manure characteristics. The 15 farms out of 21 farms have applied to the marine dumping and consignment treatment for treating manure and even farms which have equipped liquid fertilizing system have less capacity facility than legal standards. Characteristics of manure were affected by the scale of swine barn, clean water usage, frequency of cleaning, cleaning method, feces-urine separating method, etc. Retention time in storage (over 20 days) has resulted in lower concentration of organic matter which could reduce biogas production. This indicates that systematic barn management system is required. Inhibition tests showed that disinfectant and citric acid did not affected digestion rates at 10 times higher concentration than recommendation. However hypochlorous acid is likely to affect the anaerobic microbial activity.

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축산폐기물의 이용에 관한 연구 (제1보) 돈분과 옥분 혼합물의 발효중 일어나는 미생물학적 및 화학적 변화 (Studies on Recycling of Feedlot Waste (Part 1) Microbial and Chemical Changes during the Fermentation of Swine Feces-Corn Meal Mixture)

  • 이성태;민태익;김현욱;한문희
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 1978
  • 돈분과 옥분을 50:50으로 혼합하여 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 발효시킬때 초기에는 fecal streptococci가 많이 출현하나 이후 lactobacilli가 발효의 주역을 담당하고 7일 후에는 L. acidophilus, L. fermenti와 L. delbrueckii가 함께 성장하였다. 탈효과정중 젖산균에 의한 산생성으로 인하여 pH가 4.2까지 감소하였으며, E. coli와 효모가 1~2일만에 검출되지 않았으므로 다른 유해 미생물의 생육 억제도 생각할 수 있게 되었다. 또한 옥분내의 풍부한 영양 성분과 발향물의 분취가 산취로 대체됨으로써 풍미가 가축기호에 적당하게 되고 가축분의 이용시 본 시험에서 사용한 방법을 이용함으로써 생돈분의 가열멸균이 아닌 유산균의 자연발효를 통하여 돈분을 사료화시킬 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

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IMS-RT-PCR을 활용한 육성돈 분변으로부터 간염 A형 바이러스의 신속순수분리 및 검출법 연구 (Use of IMS-RT-PCR for the Rapid Isolation and Detection of Hepatitis A Virus from the Swine Feces)

  • 이희민;김두운
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.638-642
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    • 2012
  • 돼지축사에서 채집해온 6개의 육성돈의 분변에서 식중독 유발 바이러스인 HAV와 HEV를 검출하였으며, HAV는 88.3%의 검출율을 보였으며, HEV는 33.3%의 검출율을 보였다. 결과에는 제시하지 않았으나, 염기서열 분석결과 HEV는 사람에게 전염이 가능한 유전자형인 III형이었으며, 실험적으로 사람의 간세포인 PLC/PRF/5에 접종하였을 때 증식이 됨을 확인하였다. 식중독 유발 바이러스인 HAV와 HEV는 오염된 식품이나 물을 섭취하거나 교차 오염에 의해 전염이 가능하기 때문에 돼지축사에서 위생상태의 개선뿐만 아니라 육류를 섭취하기 전인 운송 및 가공과정까지 식중독 유발 바이러스에 의한 교차오염을 막는 노력이 필요하다. HAV와 HEV 모두 검출된 분변에서 HAV를 순수분리하고 빠르게 검출하기 위해 IMS-RT-PCR을 적용하였으며, 항원-항체 반응에 의해 순수하게 HAV만을 분리할 수 있었다. 또한 HAV만이 순수분리 되었는지 재확인하기위해 세포감염을 통해 증식된 바이러스를 확보한 후 nested RT-PCR을 수행한 결과, HAV만을 순수 분리할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 IMS 활용기술이 단순히 항체를 교체함으로써 다른 특정 식중독 유발 바이러스의 다양한 시료에서 바이러스 순수분리 및 검출에 활용 가능성이 있음을 확인하였다.

Effects of Dietary Cellulose on the Basal Endogenous Loss of Phosphorus in Growing Pigs

  • Son, A.R.;Kim, B.G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.369-373
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    • 2015
  • An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cellulose concentration in diets containing no phosphorus (P) on the basal endogenous loss (BEL) of P in growing pigs. Twelve barrows (an initial mean body weight = $49.6{\pm}3.2kg$) were individually housed in metabolism crates. Pigs were allotted to 4 experimental diets according to a cross-over design with 12 animals and 2 periods. Four P-free diets were mainly based on corn starch, sucrose, and gelatin, and were formulated to contain 0%, 4%, 8%, or 12% cellulose. Each period consisted of a 5-d adaptation and a 5-d collection period. The marker-to-marker method was used for fecal collection. The feed intake (p<0.05, linear and quadratic) and dry feces output (p<0.01, linear and quadratic) were increased with increasing dietary cellulose concentration. However, P concentration in the feces was decreased (p<0.01, linear and quadratic) with increasing dietary cellulose concentration. There was no significant difference in total P output and the BEL of P as mg per kg DMI (ranging from 157 to 214 mg/kg of dry matter intake) among experimental diets. However, values for the apparent total tract digestibility of energy, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and calcium were linearly decreased (p<0.01) with increasing cellulose concentration in the diet. In conclusion, dietary cellulose affected the amount of feces and digestibility of energy and nutrients, but did not affect the endogenous loss of P.

Lactobacillus plantarumCLP-1이 돼지바이러스에 미치는 효과 (The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarumCLP-1 on the Swine Viruses)

  • 이건희;김영희;조현아;강성기;김동건
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2011
  • To isolate Lactic acid bacteria for animals, we have screened from Kim-chi, swine intestine, swine feces, and dairy products by random selection and anti-viral, antipathogenic bacteria test. Among them, CLP-1 shown that inhibitory effect against rotavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus, Salmonella sp, and E.coli. By examining biological property, API-ZYM and identified Lactobacillus plantarum by 16S rDNAgene sequence. CLP-1 determined resistance to low pH and bile salt. Futhermore, the cell body of CLP-1 adhered to the intestinal epithelium tissue of swine and Caco-2 cell. CLP-1 was examined on cell immune system modulating activity in vitro. The whole cell and cell culture supernatant was increasing of interferon-${\beta}$ activity. And then, CLP-1 increased prevention effect by Salmonella enteritidis infection in SPF chickens. And we determined similar result in pigs.

톱밥, 볏짚, 왕겨 및 신문지를 이용한 돈분의 퇴비화 (Composting of Swine Feces Using Sawdust, Rice Straw Rice Hull or Newspaper as a Bulking Material)

  • 최경호;박석환;정문식
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.56-67
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to observe how composting reaction proceed in the optimum composting condition and to understand the characteristics of final compost, when swine feces was amended with different bulking material. Sawdust, rice straw, and rice hull were selected as bulking materials and each of these was mixed with swine feces to obtain the optimum range of moisture contents and C:N ratio. To grasp the influence of newspaper on cornposting reaction when it flew into the composting site intentionally or accidentally, another composting reaction using newspaper as a bulking material was studied. In this experiment, raw material mixes containing the same amount of organic materials were put into 4 composting reactors and composted in the same environmental condition for 3 weeks from Aug. 1, 1994 to Aug. 22, 1994. The followings are the main results of this study. 1. The maximum temperatures reached at during cornposting reaction were 53.8$\circ$C, 51.9$\circ$C, 52.7$\circ$C, and 52.1$\circ$C in the reactor using sawdust, rice straw, rice hull, and newspaper as a bulking material respectively: Thermophilic temperatures were maintained for 72, 108, 108, and 111 hours in each reactor. Mean temperatures of reactors using sawdust, rice straw, rice hull, or newspaper as a bulking materials were 39.7$\circ$C, 39.5$\circ$C, 41.3$\circ$C, and 40.3$\circ$C, but no significant difference between these mean temperatures was observed(p>0.05). Each composter showed significant difference from room temperature(p<0.01), and the mean difference between them was 9.4$\circ$C. 2. Ash contents of each reactor increased rapidly in order of rice straw, rice hull, newspaper, and sawdust according to the pattern of second order function. This rate of increase seemed to result from structural characteristics of a bulking material. The absolute values of second order coefficient of these regression functions were 0.0199, 0.0159, 0.0157, and 0.0144 in each reactor using rice straw, rice hull, newspaper, or sawdust as a bulking material. 3. C:N ratio decreased as the reaction proceeded. Degree of decrease was in order of rice straw, rice hull, newspaper, and sawdust. This sequence was consistent with the increase rate of ash content. The ratios of initial C:N ratio to final C:N ratio were 0.45, 0.53, 0.64, and 0.75 in each reactor using rice straw, rice hull, newspaper, and sawdust as a bulking material respectively. From this ratios, it was possible to infer that all the composting reactions were completed. 4. Fertilizer content containing in the final compost was 1.61~2.20% of N, and 0.35~0.54% of P in dry weight base. According to the classification standard for compost constituent by Higgins, all composts had the intermediate grade of N, but below the low grade of P excepting the newspaper amended compost(fall into the range of the low grade). 5. Heavy metal contents contained in the composts were analyzed. In case of Cd, the range of 0.58~1.11 $\mu$g/g was observed, and in case of Pb, the range of 24.76~39.53 $\mu$g/g was observed(in wet weight base). These values are below the permissible heavy metal level for compost of foreign countries.

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돼지의 분뇨 배설량 및 분뇨 성분 조사 (The Study on the Amount and Major Compositions of Excreta from Swine)

  • 황보종;홍의철;박희두;김동운;조성백
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제52권4호
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    • pp.319-328
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    • 2010
  • 돼지의 성장단계별 사료섭취량, 음수량 및 분뇨 배설량과 분뇨특성 등에 대한 정확한 자료 제시로 양돈농가에서 돈분뇨 처리에 기본 자료로 활용하여 적절한 분뇨처리를 유도하고, 장기적인 축산분뇨 정책을 수립하기 위해 실시한 본 시험을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 공시돈은 평균체중 $19.00{\pm}0.33kg$의 3원교잡종(Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc) 자돈 12두와 번식돈 12두를 공시하여, 육성 비육돈 성장 4단계(20, 50, 80, 110 kg)와 번식돈 2단계(임신돈, 포유돈)에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 돼지 평균 분뇨 배설량은 자돈에서 3.46 kg/두/일(분: 1.07 kg, 뇨: 2.39 kg)이고 분과 뇨의 평균 수분함량은 각각 70.54%와 97.39%이었다. 분 중 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 납 및 비소의 함량은 각각 1.00%, 0.26%, 10.47 mg/kg, 2.43 mg/kg 및 1.02 mg/kg이었다. 본 시험에서 카드뮴과 수은은 모든 성장 단계에서 검출되지 않았다. 돼지 분뇨의 $BOD_5$, CODmn, SS, T-N, T-P의 오염물질농도는 각각 분에서 96,335 mg/${\ell}$, 61,073 mg/${\ell}$, 207,466 mg/${\ell}$, 8,104 mg/${\ell}$ 및 4,209 mg/${\ell}$, 뇨에서 7,364 mg/${\ell}$, 7,149 mg/${\ell}$, 2,715 mg/${\ell}$, 10,110 mg/${\ell}$ 및 613 mg/${\ell}$이었다. 돈 분뇨에서 BOD, $COD_{mn}$, SS, T-N 및 T-P의 오염물질 부하량은 분에서 각각 일일 두당 102.1 g, 61.8 g, 221.6 g, 8.7 g 및 3.9 g이었고, 뇨에서 19.3 g, 16.7 g, 8.0 g, 22.2 g 및 1.3 g이었다. 또한 분뇨의 비료성분인 N, $P_2O_5$ 그리고 $K_2O$의 함량은 각각 분에서 0.96%, 0.83% 및 0.42% 이었으며, 뇨에서 0.80%, 0.09% 및 0.53% 이었다.

돼지 분변 유래 PORCINE ENTEROVIRUS의 물리화학적 특성 및 병원성에 관한 연구 (Studies on Physico-chemical Properties an d Pathogenicity of Porcine Enterovirus Isolated from Feces of Pigherds)

  • 박정우;이종인;신용호;조우영;최윤식
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.110-120
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    • 1991
  • 28 porcine enteroviruses were isolated from 86 pig-feces of 9 swine farms located in south region, Chung-buk, from March to September 1990. Physico-chemical properties and pathogenicity of isolates were investigated. Results obtained throughout experiments are summarized as follows. According to the age, weanlings(40-90 days), sucklings(10-30 days) and adult pigs(6 months over) showed the isolation rate of 67%. 8% and 4%, respectively. By physico-chemical tests, YD-90/22, YD-90/43 and YD-90/64 strains were found to be ether, chloroform and PH stable. Nucleic acid test suggests the virus to have a DNA genome. Most of the Isolates were not evident of hemagglutinin using erythrocytes from various mammalian & avian. 22 strains among the isolates were shown CPE type I and the remainders were CPE type II. 3 strains among isolates of CPE type I strains were neutralized with high titers to serotype 2 antiserum. In the study on virus growth curve in PK-l5 cells, YD-90/22, YD-90/43 and YD-90/64 strains showed the maximum infectivity titers($10^{6.0}-l0^{6.5} TCID({50}ml$) at 4days post inoculation(PI). When 30 day-old commercial piglets were inoculated only intraoral route with the YD-90/22 strain at $10^{6.0} TCID_{50}ml,$ piglets not showed the symptoms. But piglets inoculated by intramuscle route, intraoral and intramuscle route after pretreat with dexamethasone(2.5mg /kg) for 5 days were shown the symptoms of anorexia, diarrhea, pyrexia and ataxia at 4th-6th days PI. The viral reisolation in the virus-inoculated piglets was examined from feces. The viruses were recovered intermittently from 2nd to 16th day PI and at 4th-6th day PI, all piglets excreted viruses.

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Aeration Effect on Degradation of Veterinary Antibiotics in Swine Slurry

  • Seo, Youngho;Lim, Soojeong;Choi, Seungchul;Heo, Sujeong;Yoon, Byeongsung;Park, Younghak;Hong, Daeki
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.8-15
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    • 2018
  • A portion of the veterinary antibiotics administrated to livestock are generally excreted via feces and urine. Tetracyclines and tylosin have a greater priority of environmental risk in Korea based on the consumption and the potential to reach soil and water environment. The antibiotics in animal byproducts need to be reduced or eliminated before they are applied to agricultural lands through composting or other agricultural practices. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of aeration on degradation of antibiotics during storage of swine slurry. Two antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and tylosin (TYL), were detected from the swine slurry used in the study. One hour aeration per day for 62 days reduced TC concentration from 199 to $43ng\;L^{-1}$ compared with $104ng\;L^{-1}$ without aeration. Aeration for three and six hours decreased TC level to 30 and $23ng\;L^{-1}$, respectively. The dissipation of TC was fitted with a first-order kinetic model. Aeration for 1, 3, and 6 hours every day increased the first-order rate constant, k, from $0.011day^{-1}$ under anaerobic condition to 0.022, 0.026, and $0.037day^{-1}$, respectively. For TYL, aeration during storage of swine slurry enhanced k from $0.0074day^{-1}$ to 0.014, 0.018, and $0.031day^{-1}$ for 1, 3, and 6 hours per day, respectively. For liquid swine slurry, biotic processes can be more effective for dissipation of antibiotics than abiotic processes because of low organic matter and high water content. These results suggest that aeration can increase the degradation rate of antibiotics during storage of swine slurry.