• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2007

Flow visualization and aerodynamic characteristics of delta wings with two different leading edge geometries are investigated by PIV system and wind tunnel balance when the Reynolds number is about based on the freestream velocity and the root chord length. Delta wing models have 65-deg swept angle, and the leading edge shapes are divided into round- and sharp- type. The experimental results indicated that the leading-edge vortex strength and aerodynamic coefficient in the round leading edge are stronger and more, respectively than those in the sharp one. Therefore the flow interactions between vortices and the boundary layer are more desirable or more rapidly swirled in the round-type leading edge.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2151-2156
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• 2003

The distinguishing features of flows at high angles of attacks are caused by the generation of free shear layers at sharp leading edges, by separation of the viscous layers from the surfaces of wings and bodies and by the flow in the wakes of the wings and bodies. In this study, systematic approach by PIV experimental method within a circulating water channel was adopted to study the fundamental characteristics of induced vortex generation, development and its breakdown appearing on a delta wing model with or without LEX in terms of four angles of attack($15^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $25^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$) and six measuring sections(30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%) of chord length. Distributions of time-averaged velocity vectors and vorticities over the delta wing model were compared along the chord length direction. Highly swept leading edge extension(LEX) applied to delta wings has greatly improved the subsonic maneuverability of contemporary fighters. High-speed CCD camera which made it possible to acquire serial images is able to get the detailed information about the flow characteristics occurred on the delta wing. Especially quantitative comparison of the maximum vorticity featuring the induced pressure distribution were also conducted to clarity the significance of the LEX existence.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.105-108
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• 2002

Highly swept leading edge extension(LEX) applied to delta wings has greatly improved the subsonic maneuverability of contemporary fighters. In this study, systematic approach by PIV experimental method within a circulating water channel was adopted to study the fundamental characteristics of induced vortex generation, development and its breakdown appearing on a delta wing model with or without LEX in terms of four angles of attack$(15^{\circ},\;20^{\circ},\;25^{\circ},\;30^{\circ})$ and six measuring sections$(30\%,\;40\%,\;50\%,\;60\%,\;70\%,\;80\%)$ of chord length. Distributions of time-averaged velocity vectors and vorticities over the delta wing model were compared along the chord length direction. High-speed CCD camera which made it possible to acquire serial images is able to get the detailed information about the flow characteristics occurred on the delta wing. Especially quantitative comparison of the maximum vorticity featuring the induced pressure distribution were also conducted to clarity the significance of the LEX existence.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.39-42
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• 2003

Leading edge extension(LEX) in a highly swept shape applied to a delta wing features the modern air-fighters. The LEX vortices generated upon the upper surface of the wing at high angle of attack enhance the lift force of the delta wing by way of increased negative suction pressure over the surfaces. The present 3-D stereo PIV includes the Identification of 2-D cross-correlation equation, stereo matching of 2-D velocity vectors of two cameras, accurate calculation of 3-D velocity vectors by homogeneous coordinate system, removal of error vectors by a statistical method followed by a continuity equation criterion and so on. A delta wing model with or without LEX was immersed in a circulating water channel. Two high-resolution, high-speed digital cameras$(1280pixel\times1024pixel)$ were used to allow the time-resolved animation work. The present dynamic stereo PIV represents the complicated vortex behavior, especially, in terms of time-dependent characteristics of the vortices at given measuring sections. Quantities such as three velocity vector components, vorticity and other flow information can be easily visualized via the 3D time-resolved post-processing to make the easy understanding of the LEX effect or vortex emerging and collapse which are important phenomena occurring in the field of delta wing aerodynamics.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1672-1677
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• 2004

Leading edge extension(LEX) in a highly swept shape applied to a delta wing features the modem air-fighters. The LEX vortices generated upon the upper surface of the wing at high angle of attack enhance the lift force of the delta wing by way of increased negative suction pressure over the surfaces. The present 3-D stereo PIV includes the Identification of 2-D cross-correlation equation, stereo matching of 2-D velocity vectors of two cameras, accurate calculation of 3-D velocity vectors by homogeneous coordinate system, removal of error vectors by a statistical method followed by a continuity equation criterion and so on. A delta wing model with or without LEX was immersed in a circulating water channel. Two high-resolution, high-speed digital cameras($1280pixel{\times}1024pixel$) were used to allow the time-resolved animation work. The present dynamic stereo PIV represents the complicated vortex behavior, especially, in terms of time-dependent characteristics of the vortices at given measuring sections. Quantities such as three velocity vector components, vorticity and other flow information can be easily visualized via the 3D time-resolved post-processing to make the easy understanding of the LEX effect or vortex emerging and collapse which are important phenomena occurring in the field of delta wing aerodynamics.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제48권8호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2020

전진익 항공기는 평익 항공기와 비교하였을 때 우월한 공력 특성을 갖고 있다. 그러나 전진익 항공기는 종래의 주익에 비하여 낮은 발산 속도를 갖고 있게 되고, 이는 설계 단계에서 필수적으로 고려하여야 한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 공력탄성학적 테일러링에 대한 연구가 이루어졌다. 적층 판의 최적의 적층 배열을 찾기 위해선 반복적인 계산이 필요하고 이를 위하여 모델링이 용이하고 계산 효율성이 우수한 1차원 보 축소 해석을 수행한다. 해석을 위하여 다물체 동역학 프로그램인 DYMORE를 사용하였고 이를 해석해와 비교하였다. 또한 NACA0015 형상의 다중 셀 구조 단면을 해석하기 위하여 상용 프로그램 VABS를 사용하였고 전진익 항공기의 날개를 보다 현실적으로 해석하기 위하여 oblique 기능을 사용하였다. 공력탄성학적 테일러링을 통하여 얻은 최적의 발산 속도는 238.9m/s이고 이는 기존에 동일 중량, 단일 방향으로 적층한 날개에 비하여 42% 가량 개선된 수치이다. 하지만 공력탄성학적 테일러링이 부주의하게 적용할 경우 기존 단일 적층 날개에 비하여 오히려 감소된 발산 속도를 가질 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2014

Transonic flow past a NASA SC(2)-0710 airfoil with deployments of a spoiler up to $6^{\circ}$ was studied numerically. We consider angles of attack from $-0.6^{\circ}$ to $0.6^{\circ}$ and free-stream Mach numbers from 0.81 to 0.86. Solutions of the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations were obtained with a finite-volume solver using several turbulence models. Both stationary and time-dependent deployments of the spoiler were examined. The study revealed the existence of narrow bands of the Mach number, angle of attack, and spoiler deflection angle, in which the flow was extremely sensitive to small perturbations. Simulations of 3D flow past a swept wing confirmed the flow sensitivity to small perturbations of boundary conditions.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2006년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.131-135
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• 2006

The aerodynamic characteristics of a T-50 aircraft configuration are investigated by a subsonic panel method. Panel methods are best applicable to the lifting surfaces such as wings and airfoils. Source and doublets are used in the present code as a basic singularities of the panel technique. The panel method is first assessed by applying it to several benchmark problems for which other solutions and experimental data are available, such as a swept wing and wing body configuration. The prediction results are compared with experimental data and show good agreement in all cases considered. Finally, the method is applied to a T-50 aircraft configuration and excellent agreement with flight test data in lift coefficients is found.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2001년도 Proceedings of 2001 Korea-Japan Joint Seminar on Particle Image Velocimetry
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• pp.53-61
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• 2001

Highly swept leading edge extensions(LEX) applied to delta wings have greatly improved the subsonic maneuverability of contemporary fighters. Fundamental approach by PIV method was adopted to study the basic flow of the vortex pair formation appearing on a delta wing model with or without LEX. Three angles of attacks$(16^{\circ},\;24^{\circ},\;28^{\circ})$ and four measuring section of chord length(LEX-on) and three section(LEX-off) were selected as experimental conditions. From the PIV analysis, maximum vorticity was found at a given chord length and maximum velocity was also detected at larger chord length where stronger vortex was generated. Furthermore, the effect of LEX was remarkable at the vortex pair distance indicating narrower distance at LEX-on case.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.658-663
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• 2003

A process of 3-D stereo particle image velocimetry(PIV)was developed for the measurement of an illuminated sliced section field of 3-D complex flows. The present method includes modeling of camera by a calibrator based on the homogeneous coordinate system, transformation of the oblique-angled image to the right-angled image, identification of 2-D velocity vectors by 2-D cross-correlation equation, stereo matching of 2-D velocity vectors of two cameras, accurate calculation of 3-D velocity vectors by homogeneous coordinate system, removal of error vectors by a statistical method followed by a continuity equation criteria, and finally 3-D display as the post processing. An experimental system was also used for the application of the proposed method. Two high speed digital CCD cameras and an Argon-Ion Laser for the illumination were adopted to clarify the time-dependent characteristics of the leading edge extension(LEX) in a highly swept shape applied to a delta wing found in modern air-fighters.