• 재활복지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.265-281
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• 2016

본 연구는 삼킴장애를 가진 뇌졸중 환자의 특성에 따른 삼킴기능, 식이수준, 인지기능, 일상생활의 비교와 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상자들은 삼킴장애가 있는 뇌졸중 환자 56명이었다. 결과측정은 기능적 삼키장애 척도(FDS), 미국언어청각협회 삼킴척도(ASHA NOMS), 한국판 간이 정신상태 검사(K-MMSE), 한국판 수정바델지수(K-MBI)를 사용하였다. 수집한 자료는 대상자들의 일반적 특성에 따른 각 평가들의 차이를 비교하기 위하여 독립 t 검정을 이용하여 분석하였고 각 평가들의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 피어슨 상관분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 대상자들의 손상위치에 따른 삼킴기능은 유의한 차이가 있었다. 발병기간에 따른 인지기능은 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자들의 나이는 식이수준, 인지기능과 유의한 상관이 있었다. 삼킴기능은 식이수준, 인지기능과 유의한 상관이 있었다. 인지기능은 식이수준, 일상생활과 유의한 상관이 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 기반으로 삼킴장애가 있는 뇌졸중 환자에 대한 삼킴재활 치료는 환자들의 특성과 인지기능을 고려하여 수행해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness and practicality of the program in the daily life of the elderly by performing a three-dimensional tongue muscle exercise for the elderly to identify the dysphagia, swallowing ability, and tongue pressure. Methods: The subjects of the study were 29 elderly people aged 65 or older living in Busan, divided into a oral exercises group and tongue strength training program combined with oral exercises group, and operated 16 times for 8 weeks twice a week, and the pre and post-program evaluation was conducted in the 1st and 8th weeks. For variable selection, 7 general characteristics, 5 oral health-related characteristics, 5 Likert scale for swallowing disorder, repetitive swallowing ability test for swallowing power measurement, and tongue pressure measurement was used. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS window program 25.0 version (IBM), general characteristics and homogeneity tests, oral health-related characteristics and homogeneity tests were chi-square test, swallowing disorder, swallowing ability, and change in tongue pressure were paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test for swallowing disorder and changes in swallowing ability and tongue pressure, and Spearman's correlation for the relationship between swallowing disorder and swallowing ability and tongue pressure. Results: As a result of tongue strength training program combined with oral exercise, both relieve swallowing disorder and improve low eating and tongue pressure than oral exercise, and the difference in improvement effects of both relieve swallowing disorder, swallowing ability, and tongue pressure is higher. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is believed that simple and practical oral muscle function reinforcement products and practical use are needed, and institutional devices to seek oral health promotion programs for the elderly are needed.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analysis the effect of electrical stimulation for dysphagia caused by cerebral infarction. Methods : We recruited nineteen adults after cerebral infarction(14 male, 5 female; mean age, 69y) for our study. Electrical stimulation was used for participants with electrical stimulator connected to two pair of electrodes positioned on the neck for one hour a day and 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Maximum tolerated stimulation levels were applied at rest while participants held their mouth closed. Videofluoroscopic recordings, physical examination of swallowing, and swallow function score were used to evaluate swallowing state of participants. All evaluate items were evaluated before and after treatment. Results : There was no significance difference of swallowing stage. The swallow function score significantly increased from 1.8 to 5.3(p<0.001). Also, cough reflex(p<0.001), laryngeal excursion(p<0.01) were significantly reduced compared to before electrical stimulation. Conclusion : Therefore, electrical stimulation for dysphasia is proved effective as it activates the function of swallowing muscle.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Purpose : This study was conducted for the purpose of finding out of effects Eating training on patients with swallowing disorder caused by stroke to their swallowing functions. Method : 29 subjects were selected and the divided into two groups. Group 1 is consist of 14 patients under eating training group and Group 2 is consist of 15 patients each group has five times per week. 30 minuted per time covering 12-week period. Selected patients can swallow them selves without aspiration and basically eating trainings involve Thermal Tactile Stimulation(TTS), Shaker exercise, tongue movements, laryngeal mobilization exercise. MASA(The Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability)and VFSS(Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study) was carried out to find out effects of training. And We use FDS(Functional Dysphagia Scale) for VFSS to more objective score. Result : Through the results of this study was increase in Eating performance skill actual eating training group than the practiceless group. Therefore, the actual eating training is to improve the swallowing function and It will be useful in clinical intervention for stroke patients. Conclusion : Through the results of this study was increase in Eating performance skill actual eating training group than the practice less group. Therefore, the actual eating training is to improve the swallowing function and It will be useful in clinical intervention for stroke patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2019

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자들의 대표적인 후유증인 삼킴 장애의 양상을 14개의 하위 항목으로 분류하고 그 특징을 조사하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구 대상자는 소뇌 천막을 기준으로 천막상 병변의 소견을 보이는 아급성 뇌졸중 환자 49명 이었다. 삼킴 문제의 양상을 조사하고 그에 따른 생리학적 근거를 조사하기 위해 모든 피검자에게 비디오투시조영 삼킴 검사를 시행하였으며 삼킴 장애 평가에는 삼킴 장애 프로파일(The Modified Barium Swallowing Impairment Profile, MBSImP)이 사용되었다. 조사 결과, 뇌졸중 환자의 95.9%는 입술 조절기능에서 문제가 있었고 98%는 혀 조절 기능에서 문제가 있었다. 또한 환자의 57.1%는 음식물을 인두쪽으로 이동시키는데 문제가 있었으며 51%는 구강에 음식물의 일부를 남기는 증상을 나타내었다. 음식물이 인두족으로 유입됨과 동시에 일어나는 인두 삼킴 반사의 경우에는 89.8%의 환자가 지연된 삼킴 반사 증상을 보였으며 후두와 설골의 운동은 각각 42.9 %와 87.8% 환자가 문제가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 연구개는 환자의 18.4%가 이상 소견을 보였고 후두개의 경우에는 단지 4.1%만이 이상 소견을 보여 대체로 후두개 기능은 잘 보전되어 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 뇌졸중 환자의 30.6%는 후두 폐쇄 기능에 문제가 있었고, 식도 근육의 경우에는 모든 환자(100%)가 이 근육의 상부를 적절히 조절하지 못하는 것으로 조사되었다. 혀 기저부 움직임 또한 환자의 91.8%에게서 문제가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 인두에 음식물을 남기는 증상도 91.8%의 환자에게서 관찰되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 뇌졸중 환자의 삼킴 문제의 구체적 양상들에 대해 살펴보았으며 이는 삼킴 장애 중재 및 치료 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between vertical dimension during swallowing and speech pattern in patients with temporomandibular disorders. For this study, 33 patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMDs), namely, 17 patients with disc displacement with reduction and 16 patients with disc displacement without reduction, and 30 normal subjects without any signs and symptoms in the masticatory system were selected as the patient group and as the normal group, respectively. Biopak $system^{(R)}$(Bioresearch Inc., Milwaukee, USA) was used for recording of electromyographic(EMG) activity(${\mu}V$) of the anterior temporalis, the superficial masseter, the sternocleidomastoideus and the trapezius insertion muscle during swallowing, and of mandibular positional change with function time(sec.) during swallowing and speech. A sentence of 'Sue is missing her house' was used for observing of speech pattern. Comparison between the two groups and relationship of the mandibular positional change and the function time between during swallowing and during speech were analysed by SPSS windows program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Mean EMG activity of the trapezius insertion during swallowing was higher in the patient group, and the value was $3.4{\mu}V$ in patients and $2.1{\mu}V$ in normal subjects. 2. Vertica1 dimension(VD) at mandibular rest position before swallowing was slightly higher in the patient group, but VD at swallowing-late stage and at rest position after swallowing were not different between the two groups. 3. Swallowing time were 2.1 sec. in the patient group, and 1.5 sec. in the normal group, and the difference was significant. 4. VD during speech were generally higher in the normal group. In this case, speaking position showing the most difference between the two groups was 'her' position. The distance from habitual intercuspal position to 'her' position was 4.9mm in the patient group, and 6.6mm in the normal group. Speaking time was also longer in the patient group. 5. There were no difference in all observed items between the two categories of the patient group according to reduction of disc displacement. 6. Relationship between the positional changes during swallowing and speech were different between the patient group and the normal group. And in the normal group, VD at rest position before swallowing was negatively correlated with speaking time.

• 재활복지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.283-299
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• 2016

본 연구는 뇌졸중으로 인한 삼킴 장애 환자를 대상으로 직접 삼킴 치료가 뇌졸중 환자의 삼킴기능과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구 대상은 삼킴 장애 진단을 받은 환자 10명을 대상으로 간접 삼킴 치료를 중재한 대조군과 직접 삼킴 치료를 중재한 실험군에 5명씩 배치하여 실시하였다. 연구는 주 5회, 회당 30분씩, 총 8주 동안 연구를 실시하였다. 삼킴 기능을 평가하기 위한 도구로는 VFSS를 이용한 CDS, PAS를 중재 전과 4주 후, 8주 후에 평가하였고, 삼킴과 관련된 삶의 질은 SWAL-QOL을 중재 전과 중재 후 2회 평가하였다. 연구 결과는 삼킴 기능의 집단 내 비교에서는 적용 기간에 따라 대조군은 CDS(p<.05)에서만, 실험군은 CDS, PAS 모두에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<.01), 집단 간 비교에서도 CDS, PAS 모두 실험군에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.01). 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과 집단 내 비교에서는 두 군 모두 적용기간에 따라 삶의 질이 유의하게 향상되었으나(p<.05), 집단 간 비교에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>.05). 이상의 결과를 통해 뇌졸중으로 인한 삼킴 장애 환자에게 중재한 직접 삼킴 치료가 삼킴 기능증진에는 간접 삼킴 치료 보다 더욱 효과적이었지만, 삼킴 장애 환자의 삶의 질은 직접 삼킴 치료와 간접 삼킴 치료 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2008

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the outcomes of functional electrical stimulation (FES) which was applied twice a day in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Methods : Eleven patients with dysphagia after stroke were participated. The electrical stimulator with two channels was employed for forty minutes daily or forty minutes twice a day for fifteen days. Participants were divided into two groups by random method; The FES was performed twice a day for Twice-FES group (n=6), and once a day for Standard-FES group (n=5). For evaluation of dysphagia, the functional dysphagia scale by videofluoroscopic swallowing study, and swallow function scoring system by six clinical swallowing stage were assessed at pre- and post-treatment. Results : In both groups, there was a significant decrease of total functional dysphagia scales after FES treatment (p<0.05) and the results mainly affected the pharyngeal phase of deglutition. There was no significant difference between the two groups in total functional dysphagia scales, but the Twice-FES group had a decreased residue in oral cavity compared to the standard FES group. In both groups, there were significant improvements in swallow function scoring system (p<0.05). The twice-FES group had more high clinical swallowing stages. Conclusions : The results demonstrated that FES is a clinically effective intervention in treatment of stroke patients with dysphagia. Moreover, the treatment applied twice a day had relatively positive effects on the reduction of oral cavity residue and the improvement of clinical swallowing stage.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.166-178
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of the oral care program for improving swallowing function of the elderly using welfare centers on depression, self efficacy, subjective oral health status and swallowing related quality of life. Methods: The intervention in this study was systematically developed through the six stages of Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP) and was based on Mead's symbolic interaction theory and Bandura's self efficacy theory. A non equivalent control group pre and post-test design was conducted on a total of 37 elderly people (experimental group: 19, control group: 18) from D city. The oral care program was administered to the experimental group once a week for five weeks, totaling five times, and the exact program ran for 50 minutes. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Following the intervention, subjective oral health score, and swallowing related quality of life were significantly improved in the experimental group. Conclusion: The oral care program presented in this study was found to be effective in increasing subjective oral health status, and swallowing related quality of life for the elderly using welfare centers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.605-613
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• 2016

본 연구는 삼킴장애가 있는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 혀 근력 및 정확도 훈련이 혀 근력, 삼킴기능, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알고자 하였다. 삼킴장애가 있는 만성 뇌졸중 환자 18명이 본 연구에 참가하였으며, 실험군과 대조군으로 9명씩 무작위 배정되었다. 두 군은 전통적 삼킴장애 치료를 수행하였고, 실험군은 혀 근력 및 정확도 훈련을 추가적으로 수행하였다. 혀 근력 및 정확도 훈련은 아이오와 구강수행기구를 이용하여 수행하였으며, 최대 등척성 혀 근력의 50%, 75%, 100%로 설정하여 수행하였다. 두 군은 8주간 주 5회 치료를 받았다. 결과측정은 혀 근력을 측정하기 위하여 아이오와 구강수행기구를 사용하여 최대 등척성 혀 근력을 평가하였으며, 삼킴기능을 측정하기 위하여 삼킴기능 검사로 평가하였다. 삼킴과 관련된 삶의 질을 측정하기 위하여 삼킴-삶의 질 척도를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 두 군 간 변화량 비교에서 실험군은 대조군보다 혀 앞 뒤쪽의 근력과 삼킴기능에서 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<0.05). 삶의 질은 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 혀 근력 및 정확도 훈련은 삼킴장애가 있는 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 혀 근력과 삼킴기능에 효과적인 중재방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.