• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.441-458
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• 2006

현대사회에서 문화는 도시민들의 삶의 질 향상과 도시의 활성화를 위한 필수불가결한 요소이다. 새로운 도시패러다임으로 '문화도시'가 급부상하는 것도 이러한 맥락에서 이해할 수 있다. 세계적인 도시들이 문화도시를 표방하고 있으며, 국내 지자체 역시 문화적 요소를 가미한 도시정책을 추진하고 있다. 특히, 인천 남구는 문화도시의 성공적인 사례로 소개되면서, 타 지자체의 본이 되고 있다. 남구의 문화환경정책은 문화를 향유할 수 있는 기반시설, 문화적인 도시경관 및 생활공간 조성, 그리고 풍부한 컨텐츠를 갖추고 있다고 평가할 만하다. 문화도시는 문화친화적인 도시로 '지속가능한 도시발전'을 추구하는 것에 진정한 의의가 있다. 이를 위해 문화환경정책의 방향성을 확립하고, 관련 법 및 제도를 강화해야 할 것이다. 또한 도시계획 시, 문화계획을 고려해 문화지향적인 도시개발을 추진해야 한다. 무엇보다도 시민들의 역할과 방향을 제시, 파트너십을 제고하고 인간이 중심인 문화도시를 만들어가는 것이 중요하다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2007

As a basic element of Jeju landscape, Oreum offers a beautiful and aesthetic view. Considering topographical and geological research achievements, however, an effort to discover implicit value in terms of landscape characteristics and value has been ignored. This paper has investigated the characteristics and value of landscape by Oreum focusing on Jeju landscape characteristics and eco-touristic value and discussed a scheme to maximize the values. Under a theme of 'Sustainable Development' of the RIO Declaration, tour industry has recently changed its focus from eco-tourism to gee-tourism. Fortunately, Jeju Oreum has very distinctive and unique landscape with depressed crater at a crest. Nevertheless, it's very difficult to see a true aspect of Oreum from the street or over the car window. Therefore, it's urgent to begin a research on how to make advantage of and preserve Oreum landscape in order to maximize its landscape values and improve its potential as a tourist attraction. Through diverse programs such as sky leisure sports(ex: light airplane and helicopter riding, paragliding), sky watching, and mountain hiking, in particular, a possibility that Oreum can succeed as LBD(Learning by Doing)-based tour program with volcanic features needs to be examined. Besides, it's also a good idea to develop Oreum tour program or Oreum Museum as an alternative plan. Above all, however, it's most urgent to protect the existing Oreum and restore ecological and landscape beauty of Oreum through proper land use.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

Accurate knowledge of land use/land cover (LULC) features and their relative changes over upon the time are essential for sustainable urban management. Urban sprawl growth has been always also a worldwide concern that needs to carefully monitor particularly in a developing country where unplanned building constriction has been expanding at a high rate. Recently, remotely sensed imageries with a very high spatial/spectral resolution and state of the art machine learning approaches sent the urban classification and growth monitoring to a higher level. In this research, we classified the Quickbird satellite imagery by object-based image analysis of Dempster-Shafer (OBIA-DS) for the years of 2002 and 2015 at Karbala-Iraq. The real LULC changes including, residential sprawl expansion, amongst these years, were identified via change detection procedure. In accordance with extracted features of LULC and detected trend of urban pattern, the future LULC dynamic was simulated by using land transformation model (LTM) in geospatial information system (GIS) platform. Both classification and prediction stages were successfully validated using ground control points (GCPs) through accuracy assessment metric of Kappa coefficient that indicated 0.87 and 0.91 for 2002 and 2015 classification as well as 0.79 for prediction part. Detail results revealed a substantial growth in building over fifteen years that mostly replaced by agriculture and orchard field. The prediction scenario of LULC sprawl development for 2030 revealed a substantial decline in green and agriculture land as well as an extensive increment in build-up area especially at the countryside of the city without following the residential pattern standard. The proposed method helps urban decision-makers to identify the detail temporal-spatial growth pattern of highly populated cities like Karbala. Additionally, the results of this study can be considered as a probable future map in order to design enough future social services and amenities for the local inhabitants.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1188-1198
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• 2011

This study proposes the use of firework shapes to design fashion accessories in the judgment that they are appropriate for the expression of creative images in consideration of the display of fireworks as a kind of entertainment and a festive symbol. This study promotes the sustainable application of firework shapes to develop the designs of fashion culture items that feature a distinctive personality and uniqueness. In this present study, the proposed fashion accessory design was intended to create an entertaining new atmosphere that uses an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) that draws attention as a futuristic display. In terms of methodology, a literature review of firework shapes and OLED was conducted; in addition, Adobe Illustrator CS2 and Adobe Photoshop CS2 were used to develop six different standard motive designs with formative design elements represented by a variety of firework shapes. Each of the six motifs was further expanded with different color combinations. Rich images are produced with the use of pink, blue, purple, green, yellow, orange, and red, in conjunction with various OLED effects to express the three-dimensional images of fireworks. The motifs are applied to three types of items: bags, bracelets, and necklaces. For the video images, evening and tote bags, pendants, and bangles were used. Shifting images and lights should produce unique images as well as satisfy the consumer desire for entertainment. The Adobe Image Ready software was used to present the motive of fireworks applied to the design of fashion accessories in video images but not in still-cut images due to physical constraints of this paper.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

We researched the fauna restoration of 5 urban streams in Ulsan established as ecological streams by improving water quality and river environment. The fauna inhabitation were compared according to the conditions of geometrical feature such as river width, low-water channel width, ect and water quality, water volumn, inland and forceland. The Mugeo cheon has clearly shown the fauna restoration effects resulting from supplying sustainable maintenance water and wastewater treatments. In the Yaksa cheon, on the other hand, the restoration effects were low due to the inflow of wastewater and sledges in some part of stream ever though the improvement of water quality. The Yeocheon cheon was found to have disadvantage on the ecological inhabitations due to supplying the maintenance water with highly concentrated salinity. The fauna restoration effect of the Meongjeong cheon was low due to the inflow of wastewater to the down stream. Therefore by supplying the maintenance water and improving the connection to the Taehwa river at the estuary, better restoration effects could be observed. In the Cheokgwa cheon, which is almost a natural river, the ecological integrity of the fauna population has been maintained quite well. It was concluded that the project to transform urban streams into ecological streams should focus on not only keeping water volume and quality but also maintaining favorable conditions for the migration and settlement of animal species close to the natural state.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.836-843
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• 2005

서해 배타적경제수역내 해사채취구역에서 해저지형 변화를 규명하기 위하여 2회에 걸쳐 단일빔음향측심기를 이용한 측심자료를 획득하였다. 교차점 분석에 의한 측심자료의 정확도는 IHO 표준의 2등급에 해당하였다. 지형도는 폭 300 m, 깊이 10 m의 구덩이 형태를 나타내었으며, 이러한 지형의 변화 과정이 두 지형도 수심차의 분포에서 표현되었다. 그러나 해사채취량을 정량화하기 위해서는 더욱 정확하고 정밀한 자료가 요구된다. 이러한 지형변화는 퇴적환경 및 저서생태 환경에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 한정된 모래자원을 관리하고 지속가능한 개발을 위해서는 과학적인 조사자료에 근거한 환경영향평가가 요구된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2008

Despite its high level of symbolic and ecological values, BaigDooDaeGahn, about 684km long stretch of mountains in the eastern part of Korean peninsular, has been widely destroyed and barely recovered. While Korean government enacted a special law in 2005 to protect these areas and designated about 2,658 $km^2$ as the protection zone in 2007, there were a number of sites inside that had been disturbed by mining, illegal crop cultivations, stone quarry, development of resort facilities, construction of roads, and other human activities. To restore these damaged areas in a sustainable manner, the integrative system to categorize damaged areas for participatory restoration by local residents was suggested by this study. The most distinguished feature of the proposed system was to integrate the existing restoration approach focusing on biophysical conditions into the sustainability-building approach to reactivate socio-economic conditions of local society, called 'restoration of eco-cultural community'. As an entry stage to design the new restoration system including processes and procedures, the damaged areas had to be re-categorized by two characteristics, their physical conditions in terms of possibility of public participatory restoration and the readiness of local society required for pursuing endogenous development. More detailed considerations regarding these two characteristics and three different categories has been suggested and discussed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Objective: The first stage in both breeding and programs for the conservation of genetic resources are the identification of genetic diversity in the relevant population. The aim of the present study is to identify genetic diversity of six brown layer pure chicken lines (Rhode Island Red [RIRI, RIRII], Barred Rock [BARI, BARII], Columbian Rock [COL], and line 54 [L-54]) with microsatellite markers. Furthermore, the study aims to employ its findings to discuss the possibilities for the conservation and sustainable use of these lines that have been bred as closed populations for a long time. Methods: In the present study, a total number of 180 samples belonging to RIRI (n = 30), RIRII (n = 30), BARI (n = 30), BARII (n = 30), L-54 (n = 30), and COL (n = 30) lines were genotyped using 22 microsatellite loci. Microsatellite markers are extremely useful tools in the identification of genetic diversity since they are distributed throughout the eukaryotic genome in multitudes, demonstrate co-dominant inheritance and they feature a high rate of polymorphism and repeatability. Results: In this study, we found all loci to be polymorphic and identified the average number of alleles per locus to be in the range between 4.41 (BARI) and 5.45 (RIRI); the observed heterozygosity to be in the range between 0.31 (RIRII) and 0.50 (BARII); and $F_{IS}$ (inbreeding coefficient) values in the range between 0.16 (L-54) and 0.46 (RIRII). The $F_{IS}$ values obtained in this context points out to a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiency in six different populations. The Neighbour-Joining tree, Factorial Correspondence Analysis and STRUCTURE clustering analyzes showed that six brown layer lines were separated according to their genetic origins. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study indicate a medium level of genetic diversity, high level inbreeding in chicken lines and high level genetic differentiation between chicken lines.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.689-707
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• 2023

Geopolymer concrete production is interesting as it is an alternative to portland cement concrete. However, workability, setting time and strength expectations limit the sustainable application of geopolymer concrete in practice. This study aims to improve the production of geopolymer concrete to mitigate these drawbacks. The improvement in the workability and setting time were achieved with the additional use of NaOH solution whereas an increase in the strength was gained with the addition of recycled steel fibers from waste tires. In addition, the use of 25% basalt powder instead of fly ash and the addition of recycled steel fibers from waste tires improved its environmental feature. The samples with steel fiber ratios ranging between 0.5% and 5% and basalt powder of 25%, 50% and 75% were tested under both compressive and flexure forces. The compressive and flexural capacities were significantly enhanced by utilizing recycled steel fibers from waste tires. However, decreases in these capacities were detected as the basalt powder ratio increased. In general, as the waste wire ratio increased, the compressive strength gradually increased. While the compressive strength of the reference sample was 26 MPa, when the wire ratio was 5%, the compressive strength increased up to 53 MPa. With the addition of 75% basalt powder, the compressive strength decreases by 60%, but when the 3% wire ratio is reached, the compressive strength is obtained as in the reference sample. In the sample group to which 25% basalt powder was added, the flexural strength increased by 97% when the waste wire addition rate was 5%. In addition, while the energy absorption capacity was 0.66 kN in the reference sample, it increased to 12.33 kN with the addition of 5% wire. The production phase revealed that basalt powder and waste steel wire had a significant impact on the workability and setting time. Furthermore, SEM analyses were performed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제86권3호
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• pp.291-309
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• 2023

This paper addresses the finite element modeling of functionally graded porous (FGP) beams for free vibration and buckling behaviour cases. The formulated finite element is based on simple and efficient higher order shear deformation theory. The key feature of this formulation is that it deals with Euler-Bernoulli beam theory with only three unknowns without requiring any shear correction factor. In fact, the presented two-noded beam element has three degrees of freedom per node, and the discrete model guarantees the interelement continuity by using both C⁰ and C¹ continuities for the displacement field and its first derivative shape functions, respectively. The weak form of the governing equations is obtained from the Hamilton principle of FGP beams to generate the elementary stiffness, geometric, and mass matrices. By deploying the isoparametric coordinate system, the derived elementary matrices are computed using the Gauss quadrature rule. To overcome the shear-locking phenomenon, the reduced integration technique is used for the shear strain energy. Furthermore, the effect of porosity distribution patterns on the free vibration and buckling behaviours of porous functionally graded beams in various parameters is investigated. The obtained results extend and improve those predicted previously by alternative existing theories, in which significant parameters such as material distribution, geometrical configuration, boundary conditions, and porosity distributions are considered and discussed in detailed numerical comparisons. Determining the impacts of these parameters on natural frequencies and critical buckling loads play an essential role in the manufacturing process of such materials and their related mechanical modeling in aerospace, nuclear, civil, and other structures.