• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2017

귤나무속 과수의 주요 해충인 귤응애의 방제효과 극대화를 위해 괭이밥의 천적유지식물 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 괭이밥을 지피식물로 조성한 처리구에서 일반 초생재배구에 비해 포식성 응애류 밀도가 평균 3배 이상 높게 나타났으며, 제초구에 비해 3.7배 낮은 귤응애 발생 밀도를 확인 할 수 있었다. 칠레이리응애는 괭이밥응애 알과 성충을 포식하지 못하였고, 사막이리응애는 일일 평균 괭이밥응애 알 1.96개와 암컷 성충 1.93개를 포식하였다. 온도 $23{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, 습도 $70{\pm}5%$, 광조건 16L : 8D로 설정된 사육실에서 괭이밥응애 알에서 성충까지 17.4일이 소요되었으며 77.5%의 부화율과 84.8%의 유충생존율을 확인하였다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2012

넙치 사료에 열수 추출한 황금을 0, 0.05, 0.1, 1% 흡습시켜 12주동안 사육하는 동안 어류의 비특이면역의 증진 및 질병저항성에 대한 효과를 알아보았다. 황금을 첨가한 사료에서 성장의 유의적인 증가는 없었으나, 초기 4주간 증가하는 경향은 있었다. 혈액학적인 조사 결과에서도 황금 첨가로 인한 넙치의 생리 생태에 부정적인 영향을 나타내지 않았다. 혈청 및 각 조직의 라이소자임 활성은 0.05%의 황금 농도로 흡습시킨 사료 그룹에서 유의적으로 라이소자임 활성이 증가되었다. 백혈구의 식활성을 측정하였을시에 0.05%의 황금 농도로 흡습시킨 사료 그룹에서 유의적으로 백혈구의 식활성이 증가되었다. 병리조직학적 결과에 따르면 넙치 사료에 열수 추출한 황금을 1% 이상 흡습시켜 투여시에는 간 조직에서 괴사가 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 어류병원세균의 인위감염에 대한 넙치의 질병저항성은 0.05%의 황금 농도로 흡습시킨 사료 그룹에서 E. tarda (GY-01)균에 대하여 상대생존율이 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 황금 열수 추출물의 넙치에 대한 면역능 향상과 어류 질병의 저항성 증강에 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되나, 1% 이상 첨가시에는 어류생리학적으로 부정적인 영향이 나타나므로 0.05%이하로 투여하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.43-68
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 신(新)산학협력 패러다임에서 출발한 창업대학원 사업의 실태를 조사하여 자생력을 증진시키기 위한 방안으로 창업대학원 교육프로그램 개발의 역할모형을 제시하고자 하였다. 5개 창업대학원 설문조사에 의하면, 창업대학원은 창업교육프로그램 결정과정에서 수요자 중심의 창업교육 활성화 요인들이 종합적으로 고려되지 않는 경향을 보였다. 이것은 창업교육기관이 프로그램 개발과 과정에서 수요자(학습자, 지역사회, 기관)의 요구를 분석하고 목표를 설정하는 등 일련의 절차가 전문적이고 체계적으로 이루어지지 못하고 있음을 보여주는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 창업대학원에서 신산학협력 패러다임의 중요성을 전달하고 창업교육프로그램을 개발함에 있어 신신학협력 패러다임의 주요 원칙을 적용토록 유도하여 지속적인 생존과 발전이 가능하도록 한다. 그리고 유관기관에 대한 역할 모형을 제시하여 창업교육프로그램 개발에 있어 상생의 협력이 가능한 유관기관을 선정할 수 있도록 기준과 역할모형을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 창업대학원 사업의 실태를 조사하여 창업교육프로그램 개발 모델들이 신산학협력의 패러다임과 부합되는지 검증하고자 하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 크게 두 가지의 접근을 시도하였다. 첫째, 본 연구는 이론적 검토를 통해 신산학협력 패러다임의 주요 원칙들을 도출하고 창업교육에 효과적인 적용방법을 고찰하였다. 둘째, 5개 창업대학원의 교육프로그램 개발 성과를 측정하기 위해 주요 원칙이 얼마나 잘 지켜지고 있는가를 확인하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2018

B cell leukemia/lymphoma 3 (Bcl3) plays a pivotal role in immune homeostasis, cellular proliferation, and cell survival, as a co-activator or co-repressor of transcription of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ family. Recently, it was reported that Bcl3 positively regulates pluripotency genes, including Oct4, in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, the role of Bcl3 in the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal activity is not fully established. Here, we report the dynamic regulation of the proliferation, pluripotency, and self-renewal of mESCs by Bcl3 via an influence on Nanog transcriptional activity. Bcl3 expression is predominantly observed in immature mESCs, but significantly decreased during cell differentiation by LIF depletion and in mESC-derived EBs. Importantly, the knockdown of Bcl3 resulted in the loss of self-renewal ability and decreased cell proliferation. Similarly, the ectopic expression of Bcl3 also resulted in a significant reduction of proliferation, and the self-renewal of mESCs was demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase staining and clonogenic single cell-derived colony assay. We further examined that Bcl3-mediated regulation of Nanog transcriptional activity in mESCs, which indicated that Bcl3 acts as a transcriptional repressor of Nanog expression in mESCs. In conclusion, we demonstrated that a sufficient concentration of Bcl3 in mESCs plays a critical role in the maintenance of pluripotency and the self-renewal of mESCs via the regulation of Nanog transcriptional activity.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-145
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• 1999

The purposesof the study are to analyze the community nursing center in U.S.A and to develop the model of nursing care system based on nurse-midwifery clinic in community for women's health in Korea. 1. In America nursing center is defined as nurse-anchored system of primary care delivery or neighborhood health center. Nursing centers are identified the following four types: (1) community outreach centers, which are similar to traditional public health clinics: (2) institutional-based centers following the mission of a large institution, such as a hospital or university: (3) wellness/health promotion centers, which offer screening, education, counseling, triage, and health maintenance services: and (4) independent practice. Nursing centers are a concept of services provided by nurses in practice arrangements in a community. Nursing centers offer a variety of services, ranging from primary care provided by advanced practice nurses with medical acute management and nursing care to the more traditional education, health promotion, screening wellness and coordination services. Some services, such as the care provided by advanced practice nurses are reimbursed under various insurance plan in some instances and states, where as others, such as preventive and educational services, are not. Thus, lack of reimbursement has threatened the survival of some centers. Licensing of nursing centers varies by state and program and accreditation of nursing centers is also limited. 52% of centers are affiliated with another facility and 48% are freestanding centers. The number of registered nurse at the nursing centers ranges from just one to 115, with a mean of eight RNs peragency and a median of three. Nursing centers avail ability varies: 14% are open 24 hours, 27% have variable short hours, 23% are open 6-7 days per week, and 36% are open Monday- Friday. As the result of my visiting three health centers in Seattle and San Francisco, the women's primary care nurse practitioners focus on a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the health status of women and diagnosis and management of common physical and psychosocial health concerns of women in ambulatory settings. Therapeutic nursing strategies are directed toward self-care, risk reoduction, health surveillance, stress reduction, healthy nutrition, social support, healthy coping, psychological well-being, and pharmacological therapy. They function as primary care providers for the well ness and illness care of women from adolescence through the older adult years and pregnant families. 2. In Korea a nurse-midwife practices independently for pregnant women's health including childbearing family at her own clinic in community. Her services are reimbursed under national health insurance but they are not paid on a fee-for-service schedule covering items. Analyzing the nursing centers in America, I suggest that nurse-midwifery clinics offer primary care for women and home care for chronic ill patients. The health law and health insurance policy should be reovised in order to expand nurse-midwife's and home care nurse's roles at nurse-midwifery clinic.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.25-40
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• 2007

In the highly competitive and divers world of financial market, customer is the single most important factor to company's survival. Especially, creating a relationship with valued customers is a key to success. CRM provides the mean to retain high value customers. It takes a prospect of what customers expect. Utilizing those knowledge can help the products and service meet the customers' needs, thereby maximizing customer satisfaction and company's profit. In this report, I am going to suggest a few ways to develop successful CRM in the life insurance industry. First, CRM should innovate the way of communication to keep pace with Web 2.0 era. In other words, the customer's needs should be caught by real-time communication than traditional off-line market research. Thus, the functionality and specification of products can be decided by customer's direct choice so that the customers are able to purchase the understanding and experience of the products. Second, CRM project should consider whether the initial strategy plan can promise the stable growth of customer at the first step. When planning strategy, the project needs to identify what customer wants and how to fulfill the needs with stable growth of the customer. In addition, the CRM should be developed by realizing that customer centric benefits ultimately guarantee the growth of the organization. Third, CRM systems should enhance the organization's ability to take the customer's insight in a 360 degree view and to capture the voice of the customer directly. In order to develop the best matched product package, more precise customer segmentation should be ahead of market segmentation strategy. Forth, the biggest reward from CRM will be a customer royalty program. Many successful banks are already planning and practicing customer royalty strategy. A comprehensive analysis of customers and their behavior allow organization to identify high value potential customers' needs and determine a strategy required to meet those needs. Even life insurance companies such as Prudential Korea are developing products designed for royal customers. Fifth, understanding and managing the experience of customer called Customer Experience Management also can increase customer satisfaction. Measuring only customers' experience and adapting it to marketing strategy make products position in the gap between the customers' expectation and experience not required by market. A key component of CEM is its application across all organizational functions. At last, the direction of change and development of CRM can be defined from the conceptualization of information technology represented by Ubiquitous and Web 2.0. Instead of just managing customer information, companies should take the initiative in personalized system with customer oriented strategy. Furthermore, with the regular communication between CRM stakeholders (Sales-Marketing-IT), customer's demand should be directly reflected to enterprise strategy in real time.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.138-153
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• 2009

1. Objectives: Yeolda-Hanso tang (YH) has long been used as traditional herbal formula in Korea as various diseases. Now we modified Yeolda-Hanso tang (YH) for neurodegenerative diseases treatment and named New-Yeolda-Hanso tang (NYH). We investigated neuroprotective effects of NYH on NGF-differentiated PC12 cells cytotoxicity induced by $\beta$-Amyloid peptide (A$\beta$25-35) and evaluated the ability of NYH to prevent and treat for neurodegenerative diseases via autophagy enhancement. 2. Methods and Results: 1) Protective effect of NYH on PC12 cells cytotoxity induced by A$\beta$25-35. PC12 cells survival was measured by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. $20{\mu}M$ $\beta$-Amyloid peptide (A$\beta$25-35) induced cytotoxicity on NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. NYH attenuated the cytotoxic effects of A$\beta$25-35 in a dose-dependent manner. 2) Pharmacological induction of Autophagy by NYH in PC12 cells Autophagy induction and activation was measured by immunoblot assay. Marker of autophagy, LC3 II expression and the ratio of LC3-II/I was slightly increased in the protein treated with YH, and significantly augmented in the protein treated with NYH. NYH-induced increase of LC3-II protein level was inhibited by 3MA. 3) Induction of Autophagy by NYH on A$\beta$25-35-induced injury in PC12 cells In MTT assay, $100{\mu}g/ml$ re-treated NYH attenuated $20{\mu}M$ A$\beta$25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Protection effect of NYH was blocked by autophagy inhibitor 3MA. In immunoblot assay, $1200{\mu}g/ml$ pre-treated NYH activated autophagy in $20{\mu}M$ A$\beta$25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The observed effect was partially blocked by 3MA. 3. Conclusions: All the results indicated that NYH possesses neuroprotective potential partially mediated by autophagy enhancement and NYH may be considered to be a promising new herbal formula to prevent and treat for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 1982

가잠의 바이러스성 연화병에 대한 저항성의 유전양식을 구명하기 위한 시험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 유전력 검정 1) FV저항성의 주동인자는 불완전 우성에 의한 상가적효과를 보였다. 2) 미동인자의 효과는 특히 저항성이 강한 계통과 약한 계통과의 교배조에서 나타났다. 3) 유전력은 0.93으로서 거의 유전적 요인에 의한것이며 환경변이는 적다고 생각된다. 2. 원종간의 조합능력 검정 1) 일반조합능력효과는 고도의 유의차가 있었으며, 잠 108이 13.1로 가장 높았고 경추가 -17.7로 가장 낮았다. 2) 특수조합능력효과도 고도의 유의차가 있었으며, 금호$\times$무등에서 13.7로 가장 높았고 잠115$\times$경추에서 -14.8로 가장 낮았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.334-339
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• 2007

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generate during electrical activation of oocytes which has detrimental effects on embryo survival when overwhelmed. The present study was designed to investigate the ability of L-ascorbic acid, a novel water soluble antioxidant, to reduce the ROS level in developing embryos and their subsequent effects on embryo development in vitro. The compact cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured in tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor, 4 IU/ml pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and 10% (v/v) porcine follicular fluid (pFF) for 44 h. After maturation culture, the denuded oocytes were activated with a single DC pulse of 2.0 kV/cm in 0.3 M mannitol solution containing 0.5 mM of HEPES, 0.1 mM of $CaCl_2$ and 0.1 mM of $MgCl_2$ for $30{\mu}s$ using a BTX Electro-cell Manipulator. The activated oocytes were cultured in modified North Carolina State University-23 (mNSCU-23) medium for 168 h. The level of $H_2O_2$ in each embryo was measured by the dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate (DCHFDA) method at 48 h after activation. The blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher when culture medium was supplemented with 50 and $100{\mu}M$ L-ascorbic acid (31.2 and 38.7%, respectively) compared to non-supplemented (16.1%) group. Accordingly, significantly more cells in blastocyst were found for 50 and $100{\mu}M$ L-ascorbic acid (50.0 and 56.4, respectively) compared to 0 and $200{\mu}M$ L-ascorbic acid (36.5 and 39.8, respectively). L-ascorbic acid reduces the $H_2O_2$ level in developing embryos in a dose-dependant manner. The $H_2O_2$ level (pixels/ embryos) was 191.5, 141.0, 124.0 and 163.3 for 0, 50, 100 and $200{\mu}M$ L-ascorbic acid, respectively. So, we recommend to supplement 50 or $100{\mu}M$ L-ascorbic acid in porcine in vitro culture medium.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2002년도 창립10주년기념 및 국립독성연구원 의약품동등성평가부서 신설기념 국재학술대회:생물학적 동등성과 의약품 개발 전략을 위한 국제심포지움
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• pp.113-113
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• 2002

Phylogenetically conserved Bcl-2 family proteins play a pivotal role in the regulation of apoptosis from virus to human. Members of the Bcl-2 family consist of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w, and proapoptotic proteins such as BAD, Bax, BOD, and Bok. It has been proposed that anti- and proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins regulate cell death by binding to each other and forming heterodimers. A delicate balance between anti- and proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members exists in each cell and the relative concentration of these two groups of proteins determines whether the cell survives or undergoes apoptosis. Mcl-1 (Myeloid cell :leukemia-1) is a member of the Bcl-2 family proteins and was originally cloned as a differentiation-induced early gene that was activated in the human myeloblastic leukemia cell line, ML-1 . Mcl-1 is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and cells including neoplastic ones. We recently identified a short splicing variant of Mcl-1 short (Mcl-IS) and designated the known Mcl-1 as Mcl-1 long (Mcl-lL). Mcl-lL protein exhibits antiapoptotic activity and possesses the BH (Bcl-2 homology) 1, BH2, BH3, and transmembrane (TM) domains found in related Bcl-2 proteins. In contrast, Mcl-1 S is a BH3 domain-only proapoptotic protein that heterodimerizes with Mcl-lL. Although both Mc1-lL and Mcl-lS proteins contain BH domains fecund in other Bcl-2 family proteins, they are distinguished by their unusually long N-terminal sequences containing PEST (proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine) motifs, four pairs of arginine residues, and alanine- and glycine-rich regions. In addition, the expression pattern of Mcl-1 protein is different from that of Bcl-2 suggesting a unique role (or Mcl-1 in apoptosis regulation. Tankyrasel (TRF1-interacting, ankyrin-related ADP-related polymerasel) was originally isolated based on its binding to TRF 1 (telomeric repeat binding factor-1) and contains the sterile alpha motif (SAM) module, 24 ankyrin (ANK) repeats, and the catalytic domain of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Previous studies showed that tankyrasel promotes telomere elongation in human cells presumably by inhibiting TRFI though its poly(ADP-ribosyl)action by tankyrasel . In addition, tankyrasel poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates Insulin-responsive amino peptidase (IRAP), a resident protein of GLUT4 vesicles, and insulin stimulates the PARP activity of tankyrase1 through its phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). ADP-ribosylation is a posttranslational modification that usually results in a loss of protein activity presumably by enhancing protein turnover. However, little information is available regarding the physiological function(s) of tankyrase1 other than as a PARP enzyme. In the present study, we found tankyrasel as a specific-binding protein of Mcl-1 Overexpression of tankyrasel led to the inhibition of both the apoptotic activity of Mel-lS and the survival action of Mcl-lL in mammalian cells. Unlike other known tankyrasel-interacting proteins, tankyrasel did not poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate either of the Mcl-1 proteins despite its ability to decrease Mcl-1 proteins expression following coexpression. Therefore, this study provides a novel mechanism to regulate Mcl-1-modulated apoptosis in which tankyrasel downregulates the expression of Mcl-1 proteins without the involvement of its ADP-ribosylation activity.