• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2007

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the early traffic opening-capable continuous multi-layer asphalt pavement maintenance method using electric arc furnace slag aggregate and emulsified asphalt to the actual construction sites. As well known, the previous surface treatment method of emulsified asphalt mixture have various shortcomings such as long work-time, traffic congestions, plastic deformation and poor evenness. Thus, the proposed method has enabled tile early traffic opening by utilizing the optimized emulsified asphalt after consideration of the climate and road conditions in Korea. The application of the electric furnace slag with $6\;{\sim}\;18\;mm$ thickness is helpful to become a environment-friendly construction method. And also, it has been improved enough to accommodate night-time works of mechanized construction activities for wearing course and control course.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.94-100
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• 2005

The plasma, ionized gas state, is generally composed as the 4th state in the universe. Generating the plasma artificially has been studied by spending energy and it has been applied so much in human's life. There are several merits to modify the surface of polymer using plasma. Above all, plasma maintains the properties of polymer itself, but changes the properly of polymer surface only. Also, it is the environmentally fraternized because there are no waste processing from organic solvent. Furthermore, it is possible that continuous automated-processing in case of high-pressure plasma. Therefore, we have tried the reforming of surface to rise the adhesive strength between the material of polymer, and have experimented rising the adhesive strength through peel strength by virtue of processing time and using gas, of course, confirmed the change of polymer surface through measuring the contact angle analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.75-82
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• 2006

Discussions on transparency have been being analyzed as variedly as the diversity itself in contemporary architecture. Though it is inappropriate to summarize the discussions into several specific viewpoints, as the notional classifications on transparency are varied according to the points of individual researchers, it can be said that, by approaching with the standpoint of the designers who may have various difficulties in the course of design, the meaning of this thesis lies largely in the fact that it attempted to study the architectural application techniques of transparency notion both through surface aspect which could be said to decide on the appearance of the architecture shape and through, in physical aspects as a combination of space components comprising the inner space, spatial aspect to which architectural techniques of transparency notion are applied. Through these, we conclude as follows. 1. Representation Techniques of Transparency in Surface : Transparency from surface viewpoint could be categorized into 1) emphasis on property-of-matter, 2) lightness of Literal material itself, 3) visual ambivalence, and 4) dematerialized hyper-surface. 2. Representation Techniques of Transparency in Space : In spatial viewpoint, transparency is summarized into sub-viewpoints as 1) straightforward space 2) ambiguous spacer 3) expanded space

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.121-129
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to present the resonable guideline of asphalt concrete pavements in apartment complex. To achieve this purpose was performed review of domestic and foreign guidelines, investigation of main distresses of asphalt concrete pavement, and structural analysis for the investigated cross-sections of the pavements in apartment complex. According to results of structural analysis, this study presented the standard cross-section of the pavement with subbase of 20cm, asphalt base of 5cm, and surface of 5cm in apartment complex. In urban areas, traffic is generally opened after asphalt base course is placed because of civil complaint by dust. Surface course is placed after all of work are completed. Considering these conditions, this study also presented the standard cross-section of the pavement with subbase of 20cm, asphalt base of 7cm, and surface of 5cm for urban areas that expect civil complaints by dust.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2009

A waypoint tracking algorithm(WTA) is designed for Unmanned Surface Vehicle(USV) in which water-jet system is installed for propulsion To control the heading of USV for waypoint tracking, the steering nozzle of water-jet need, to be controlled. Firstly, target heading is calculated by using the position information of waypoints input from the land control center. Secondly, the command for the steering nozzle of water-jet is calculated in real time by using the heading and the rate-of-turn( ROT) from magnetic compass, In this study, in order to consider the drift angle due to external disturbance such as wind and wave, the course of ground( COG) can be used instead of heading at higher speed than a certain value, To test the performance of newly-designed WTA, the tests were carried out in actual sea area near Gwang-an bridge of Busan. In this paper, the sea trial test results from WTA are analyzed and compared with those from manual control and those from commercial controller.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.183-188
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• 2022

Recently, more and more researches aimed at the development of automated and autonomous ships are appearing in the scientific environment. One of the main reason is the need to solve the problems of safe navigation and reducing accidents due to human factor, as well as the ever-increasing problem associated with the lack of qualified maritime personnel. Development of technologies based on application of artificial intelligence also plays important role, after all for realization of autonomous navigation concept and enhancement of ship automatic maneuvering processes, advancement of maneuvering functions and elaboration of specific algorithms on prevention of close quarter situations and dangerous approach of ships will be required. The purpose of this work is the review of preconditions of occurrence of the autonomous ship navigation conception, overview of introduction stages and prospects for ship remote control based on unmanned technologies, analysis of technical and intellectual decisions of autonomous surface ships, main research tendencies. The research revealed that the technology of autonomous ship navigation requires further development and improvement, especially in terms of the data transmission protocols upgrading, sensors of navigation information and automatic control systems modernization, which allows to perform monitoring of equipment with the aim of improving the functions of control over the autonomous surface ship operation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.361-366
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• 2000

The growth of bacteria on the surface of the meat was monitored to investigate the relationships between microbiological quality and some environmental factors such as the chilling temperature, alcohol spraying, and transport in slaughter process of pigs. The temperature changes of the surface and inner part of pork carcass were monitored with GreenTrack$\textregistered$ system during the process of chilling and transport Of the 100pigs tested, the prevalence of level on number of standard plate count (SPC) less than $10^4$ CFU/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and Escherichia coli less than $10^2$ CFU/$\textrm{cm}^2$ in pig were 82% and 80%, respectively. Suface bacterial numbers are decreased in the course of chilling process of the carcass. Alcohol spray process before packing meat also could decrease the surface bacterial count. In conclusion, this study could be overemphasized the importance of relationship between microbiological quality and refrigerating temperature in the process of refrigeration and cutting.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.38-45
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• 2010

Surface has been an important issue in contemporary architecture. That originates in structural freedom of surface since the end of modern architecture and the current stream of surface becoming an identity of building. Development of digital-media has brought a great change to our society in general. Digital-media is characterized by use of digital-information and interactive communication. Digital-media has been applied on surface in contemporary architecture lately. It is a purpose of the study to analyze the characteristics of digital-media application on surface based on the related characteristics of installation art. The categories and the contents for the frame of case analysis were arranged through document research. The foreign and domestic cases of digital-media application were analyzed based on the frame of analysis. Digital-media, which is installed on surface, is interacted with human and surroundings. It enhances emotional communication between human and architecture. Surface is not any more a simple fixture but an interactive creature. It makes surface more dynamically and fluidly that the course of light and human movement affect on digital-media. Surface itself is also turned into an object of art. It reflects the interweaving characteristics between contemporary architecture and installation art. It was analyzed through the study that emotional level of people is the important issue shared in digital-media application on surface and installation art. The complementary relationship between surface of contemporary architecture and installation art can be manipulated by the application of digital-media on surface.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 1991

Dental caries has been reported to be infectious disease by Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans). The ability of S. mutans to produce dental plaque has been shown to be related to glucan synthesis from sucrose by glucosyltransferase (GTase). Glucan is known to play an important role in the initiation of smooth surface caries. For preventing dental caries by traditional medicines, two hundred kinds of natural products were assayed for inhibiting activity against S. mutans and GTase. During the assay course, we chose some active plants against S. mutans and GTase and then applied these plant extracts to toothpaste.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.212-219
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• 1999

This paper describes the NANDO VDC (Vehicle Dynamics Control) system for the vehicle stability enhancement and consists of the control strategies , computer simulation and tests on the various road surface. This VDC system controls the dynamic vehicle motion in the emergency situation such as the final oversteer/understeer andallows the vehicle to follow the course as desired by the driver. The system is based on an active yaw control and its performance verified by the test is shown. Also the comparison between the MANDO VDC System and a competitor is carried out.