• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.643-657
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• 2009

The major reason to construct large dams is to store surplus water during rainy seasons and utilize it for water supply in dry seasons. Reservoir storage has to meet a pre-defined target to satisfy water demands and cope with a dry season when the availability of water resources are limited temporally as well as spatially. In this study, a Hedging rule that reduces total reservoir outflow as drought starts is applied to alleviate severe water shortages. Five stages for reducing outflow based on the current reservoir storage are proposed as the Hedging rule. The objective function is to minimize the total discrepancies between the target and actual reservoir storage, water supply and demand, and required minimum river discharge and actual river flow. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is used to develop a multi-reservoir operation system with the Hedging rule. The developed system is applied for the Han River basin that includes four multi-purpose dams and one water supplying reservoir. One of the fours dams is primarily for power generation. Ten-day-based runoff from subbasins and water demand in 2003 and water supply plan to water users from the reservoirs are used from "Long Term Comprehensive Plan for Water Resources in Korea" and "Practical Handbook of Dam Operation in Korea", respectively. The model was optimized by GAMS/CPLEX which is LP/MIP solver using a branch-and-cut algorithm. As results, 99.99% of municipal demand, 99.91% of agricultural demand and 100.00% of minimum river discharge were satisfied and, at the same time, dam storage compared to the storage efficiency increased 10.04% which is a real operation data in 2003.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Reservoir storage and water level information is essential for accurate drought monitoring and prediction. In particular, the agricultural drought has increased the risk of agricultural water shortages due to regional bias in reservoirs and water supply facilities, which are major water supply facilities for agricultural water. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the available water capacity of the reservoir, and it is necessary to determine the water surface area and water capacity. Remote sensing provides images of temporal water storage and level variations, and a combination of both measurement techniques can indicate a change in water volume. In areas of ungauged water volume, satellite remote sensing image acts as a powerful tool to measure changes in surface water level. The purpose of this study is to estimate of reservoir storage and level variations using satellite remote sensing image combined with hydrological statistical data and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). Water surface areas were estimated using the Sentinel-2 satellite images in Seosan, Chungcheongnam-do from 2016 to 2018. The remote sensing-based reservoir storage estimation algorithm from this study is general and transferable to applications for lakes and reservoirs. The data set can be used for improving the representation of water resources management for incorporating lakes into weather forecasting models and climate models, and hydrologic processes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.707-718
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• 2019

The optimal water allocation pursues a reliable and economic supply of water resources to meet various interests in socio-economic-environmental aspects. The global water shortage has intensified due to climate change and population growth with limited water resources. Thus, the water management scheme has shifted to improve water use efficiency by proper demand management and water allocation planning. Here, a hydro-economic water allocation model, called WAMM (Water Allocation and Management Model) is introduced. The WAMM is equipped with an improved linear programming algorithm for optimal water allocation and estimates economic value of water supply as an objective of water

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.639-650
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• 2002

Reservoir operations during the flood season should consider both the flood control and water supply objectives. This study proposed Set Control Algorithm (SCA) as a reservoir operation method, which guarantees both objectives. The concept behind SCA is to provide operators with a set of actions that guarantee feasibility, given a set of operational constraints, and to let them select decisions within a set that satisfies other considerations. The inflow sets used in this study included; observed data, synthetic data, and ESP(Ensemble Streamflow Prediction) scenarios. Applied to the Chungju Dam operations, SCA was compared to the variable flood restricted elevation, as well as the current flood restricted elevation. A 5-year simulation analysis showed that SCA performed better than the other operation methods, and that SCA coupled with ESP performed best among the SCA cases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.50-58
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• 1998

Genetic Algorithm (GA) consists of selection, reproduction, crossover and mutation processes and many parameters including population size, generation number, the probability of crossover (Pc) and the probability of mutation (Pm). Determining values of the parameters is found critical in the whole optimization process and a sensitivity analysis with them seems mandatory. This paper tries to demonstrate such importance of sensitivity analysis of GA using an example water supply tunnel network of the New York City. For optimization of the network with GA, Pc and Pm vary from 0.5 to 0.9 by an increment of 0.1 and from 0.01 to 0.05 by an increment of 0.01, respectively, while fixing both the population size and the generation number to 100. This sensitivity analysis results in an optimum design of 22.3879 million dollars at the values of 0.8 and 0.01 for Pc and Pm, respectively. In addition, the probability of recombination (Pr) is introduced to check its applicability in the GA optimization of water distribution network. When Pr is 0.05 with the same values of Pc and Pm as above, the optimum design costs 20.9077 million dollars. This is lower than the cost of 22.3879 million dollars for the case of not using Pr by 6.6%. These results indicate that conducting a sensitivity analysis with parameter values and using Pr are useful in the optimization of WDN.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.105-117
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• 2022

This study tested SVM(support vector machine), RF(random forest), and ANN(artificial neural network) machine-learning models that can predict net irrigation water requirements in paddy fields. For the Jeonju and Jeongeup meteorological stations, the net irrigation water requirement was calculated using K-HAS from 1981 to 2021 and set as the label. For each algorithm, twelve models were constructed based on cumulative precipitation, precipitation, crop evapotranspiration, and month. Compared to the CE model, the R² of the CEP model was higher, and MAE, RMSE, and MSE were lower. Comprehensively considering learning performance and learning time, it is judged that the RF algorithm has the best usability and predictive power of five-days is better than three-days. The results of this study are expected to provide the scientific information necessary for the decision-making of on-site water managers is expected to be possible through the connection with weather forecast data. In the future, if the actual amount of irrigation and supply are measured, it is necessary to develop a learning model that reflects this.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 2007

The fuzzy control algorithm for HVAC system has been developed for minimizing energy consumption while maintaining the comfort of indoor thermal environment in terms of the environmental variables such as time varying indoor cooling load and outdoor temperatures. The optimal set-points of control parameters with fuzzy control are supply air temperature, chilled water temperature and condenser temperature. This study has been done by using TRNSYS program in order to analyze the HVAC system response. As a result, the fuzzy control algorithm with PID algorithm shows good energy performance in comparison with conventional one.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.spc1
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• pp.1261-1270
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to collect and analyze information related to water leaks that cannot be easily accessed, and utilized by using the news search results that people can easily access. We applied a web crawling technique for extracting big data news on water leakage accidents in the water supply system and presented an algorithm in a procedural way to obtain accurate leak accident news. In addition, a data analysis technique suitable for water leakage accident information analysis was developed so that additional information such as the date and time of occurrence, cause of occurrence, location of occurrence, damaged facilities, damage effect. The primary goal of value extraction through big data-based leak analysis proposed in this study is to extract a meaningful value through comparison with the existing waterworks statistical results. In addition, the proposed method can be used to effectively respond to consumers or determine the service level of water supply networks. In other words, the presentation of such analysis results suggests the need to inform the public of information such as accidents a little more, and can be used in conjunction to prepare a radio wave and response system that can quickly respond in case of an accident.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.601-610
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• 2020

Recently, damage caused by drought is becoming worse and worse due to the global climate change. To overcome these problems, movable-weir to control the water level has been installed instead of a fixed-weir made from concrete. On the other hand, it is difficult to operate an existing moveable-weir because of the high cost of facility management and manpower consumption. In addition, because most moveable-weirs are installed in power systems, the operating cost and the cost of connection for power systems increase when they are located in remote areas. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal design algorithm and the evaluation algorithm of the SOC (state of charge) of a lithium-ion battery to replace an existing power supply with eco-friendly movable-power with a power supply system using PV modules and lithium-ion batteries. In addition, this study modeled a 50kW power supply system of a movable-weir using PSCAD/EMTDC S/W. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed algorithm has stable operation characteristics in an independent operation mode and interconnection operation mode and that there is the possibility of commercialization with a benefits evaluation of the eco-friendly power supply system of a movable-weir.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.70-80
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• 1998

Many algorithms to find a minimum cost design of water distribution network (WDN) have been developed during the last decades. Most of them have tried to optimize cost only while satisfying other constraining conditions. For this, a certain degree of simplification is required in their calculation process which inevitably limits the real application of the algorithms, especially, to large networks. In this paper, an optimum design method using the Genetic Algorithms (GA) is developed which is designed to increase the applicability, especially for the real world large WDN. The increased to applicability is due to the inherent characteristics of GA consisting of selection, reproduction, crossover and mutation. Just for illustration, the GA method is applied to find an optimal solution of the New York City water supply tunnel. For the calculation, the parameter of population size and generation number is fixed to 100 and the probability of crossover is 0.7, the probability of mutation is 0.01. The yielded optimal design is found to be superior to the least cost design obtained from the Linear Program method by $4.276 million.