• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2017

This paper discusses several topics associated with the densification caused by supertall buildings and their impact on city systems. The paper covers five key areas where a supertall tower creates a concentration of needs and effects. First, the paper comments on population shifts towards the city and how they affect carbon footprint, utilities infrastructure and transport. The effect of single- and mixed-use towers is discussed in the context of population density. The second section brings the issues of transit, accessibility and master planning into focus. The use and criticality of public transport, cycling and walking is described. Servicing and deliveries using freight consolidation and shared systems is also discussed along with their contribution to the culture of sustainable travel. In the third section the paper reflects on supertall buildings' below-ground utilities and drainage provision, particularly the challenges faced in established city infrastructures. The utilities issues associated with supertall concentration (in land-use terms) compared to equivalent low-rise distribution is also commented on in the context of surface water runoff. In the fourth section, the topic of supertall sustainability is discussed and how city systems need to respond to create desirable and affordable space for occupiers. The changing need for vertical communities, 'stacked neighbourhoods' and the notion of a micro-city is described. Finally, the paper considers the energy consumption and resilience of supertall buildings in the context of basic geometry, façade design, climate and mixed-use benefits as they impact city systems.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

최근 초고층건축 사업추진 및 수행을 위한 관련 기술개발과 함께, 사업 추진을 지원하기 위한 관련 법 제도개선의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 이에 따라 국토해양부 초고층복합빌딩사업단에서는 초고층복합빌딩 법 제도 및 지원정책관련 연구를 진행하고 있으며, 본 연구는 1차년도 결과의 일부로서, 초고층 건축 지원을 위한 법 제도 및 지원정책 관련 이슈와 문제점을 파악하여 초고층복합빌딩 기술요소 유형별 분류체계를 구축하고, 항목별 중요도 및 현황수준평가를 통해 개선방향을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 초고층 프로젝트 생애주기에 따라 총68개의 기술요소를 도출하였으며, IPA방법론을 적용하여 중요도 및 현황평가를 실시하였다. 또한 글로벌기준의 초고층 법 제도 개선방향을 도출하였으며, 초고층을 중심으로 하는 국내 건축 관련 법 제도 선진화의 기반이 될 수 있다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2015

By the end of 2014, the number of completed and under-construction supertall buildings above 250 meters in China reached 90 and 129, respectively. China has become one of the centers of supertall buildings in the world. Supertall buildings in China are getting taller, more slender, and more complex. The structural design of these buildings focuses on the efficiency of lateral resisting systems and the application of energy dissipation. Furthermore, the research, design, and construction of high-performance materials, pile foundations, and mega-members have made a lot of progress. Meanwhile, more and more challenges are presented, such as the improvement of structural system efficiency, the further understanding of failure models, the definition of design criteria, the application of high-performance materials, and construction monitoring. Thus, local structural engineers are playing a more important role in the design of supertall buildings.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2018

The design of a supertall building poses many challenges to the architect and engineer. Using Jeddah Tower as a case study; this paper intends to discuss a few of those challenges specifically related to the arrangement of programmed spaces in the tower, their functional connection by means of the vertical transportation system and physical connection with shafts which introduces the potential for stack effect in the building. The measures applied in response to and mitigation of these issues are discussed.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2022

The Spiral, a supertall tower at the Hudson Yards Zoning District of NYC is an new iconic commercial office tower. The spiraling terraces throughout the height of the building creates unique outdoor spaces at each level for its occupants while introduces structural challenges unlike common office towers. Innovative structural solutions and an integrated connection design and steel detailing delivery process proved to be a key factor in the success of the project.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2018

In this study, a simplified three-dimensional calculation model is developed for the dynamic analysis of soil-pile group-supertall building systems excited by wind loads using the substructure method. Wind loads acting on a 300-m building in different wind directions and terrain conditions are obtained from synchronous pressure measurements conducted in a wind tunnel. The effects of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the first natural frequency, wind-induced static displacement, root mean square (RMS) of displacement, and RMS of acceleration at the top of supertall buildings are analyzed. The findings demonstrate that with decreasing soil shear wave velocity, the first natural frequency decreases and the static displacement, RMS of displacement and RMS of acceleration increase. In addition, as soil material damping decreases, the RMS of displacement and the RMS of acceleration increase.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2017

The design and construction of supertall buildings has grown dramatically in recent years. This area of practice has traditionally fallen within the purview of a very small group of architects and engineers, but this is rapidly changing, as unprecedented growth and densification has spread to markets not traditionally known for high rise construction. The design community has been increasingly committed to the adoption of green and sustainable design, and the integration of smarter, cleaner technologies across the building spectrum. This paper examines current supertall design trends, and suggests that recently completed and planned projects are trending towards more sustainable solutions, and that a unique set of best practices are emerging specific to Supertalls.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Due to the time-dependent properties of materials, structures, and loads, accurate time-dependent effects analysis and precise construction controls are very significant for rational analysis and design and saving project cost. Elevation control is an important part of the time-dependent construction control in supertall structures. Since supertall structures have numerous floors, heavy loads, long construction times, demanding processes, and are typically located in the soft coastal soil areas, both the time-dependent features of superstructure and settlement are very obvious. By using the time-dependent coupling effect analysis method, this paper compares Shanghai Tower's vertical deformation calculation and elevation control scheme, considering foundation differential settlement. The results show that the foundation differential settlement cannot be ignored in vertical deformation calculations and elevation control for supertall structures. The impact of foundation differential settlement for elevation compensation and pre-adjustment length can be divided into direct and indirect effects. Meanwhile, in the engineering practice of elevation control for supertall structures, it is recommended to adopt the multi-level elevation control method with relative elevation control and design elevation control, without considering the overall settlement in the construction process.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2019

Three cases of supertall connected structures are presented and each of them represents a quite style. The first case is a strong-connected structure. The coupling function of towers and connector contributes a lot to the structural stiffness and stability. Its special construction scheme had great impact on the construction quality and the structural safety, and must be accurately considered. For the second case which is a weak-connected structure, the influences of different connecting modes to the structural dynamic characteristic were explained. Then the combined bearings were proposed to achieve the design presume. In the third case which represents the multi-supported structures, the structural distinctive mechanical properties were discussed. For the structural state during construction process is quite different from that in final service condition, two construction procedures were simulated to get an optimal one. Although there are great challenges to designers, the advantages of the supertall connected buildings are obvious. Further work is needed in this area to adapt to the development of future cities.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2016

This paper addresses the key technologies for supertall building construction based on the Lotte World Tower project in Korea. First, the mega-mat foundation construction technologies are shown, including ultra-low heat concrete, heat of hydration control programs, and the logistics plan. Then, high strength concrete technologies of 50~80 MPa are introduced and discussed within the context of the highest pumping record in Korea at 514.25 meters. Structural design concepts of gravity load and lateral force resistance systems are introduced, along with surveying systems using GNSS and temporary installation plans of special heavy equipment like tower cranes, hoists, and high pressure concrete pumps. If it is possible to coordinate these key technologies and others, optimizing for the building's design and construction, supertall building construction can be successfully completed.