• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 2019

A study on the diel activities and feeding habits of Pseudobagrus brevicorpus living in the Daegacheon Stream of Nakdonggang River was conducted in September 2017. Diel activity took place during the night, just after sunset and just before sunrise. Pseudobagrus brevicorpus swam in the middle depths, and when they found prey organisms, approached and consumed them immediately. Fish were divided by age into three groups. Prey organisms whose index of relative importance in the stomach contents exceeded 1% belonged to the orders Ephemeroptera (80.8%), Diptera (8.6%), and Trichoptera (8.5%). An index of relative importance by age showed that the Ephemeroptera are very important prey organisms, and the sizes of prey organisms increase with fish growth.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2019

We investigate solar and lunar motions in the Seonmyeong (SM) calendar that was compiled by Xu, Ang of the Tang dynasty (A.D. 618-907) in China and used for 71 years from 822 to 892. This calendar was also used in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty (A.D. 918-1392) and in Japan for 823 years from 862 to 1684, the longest time among the three countries. Referring to historical documents of China, Korea, and Japan, we analyze the calendrical methods of calculating the daily apparent movements of the Sun and Moon in the SM calendar, which were considered their unequal motions, and compare the movements with the results of modern calculations for three periods in the Goryeo dynasty: 919, 1155, and 1392 years (i.e., the beginning, middle, and ending of the dynasty, respectively). We find that a quadratic equation was employed to obtain the daily movement of the Sun using physical quantities on the instant of each solar term, which was tabulated in its calendar book such as the Goryeosa (History of the Goryeo Dynasty). For quantitative analysis, we compute the mean absolute difference (MAD) of the daily apparent movement between the SM calendar and modern calculations and obtain 0.33, 0.30, and 0.31 arcmin for the periods of 919, 1155, and 1392 years, respectively. Meanwhile, we find relatively large MAD values in the daily movement of the Moon: 0.217, 0.284, and 0.240 degrees for each corresponding year. An interesting point is that the MAD value in the lunar motion shows the maximum in 1155 years, and is the minimum in the solar motion. In conclusion, we believe that this study will facilitate in the understanding of the SM calendar further, particularly in the calendrical methods of calculating sunrise, sunset, and eclipse times.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.521-526
• /
• 2019

In this study, a solar light collector that collects and transmits solar light required for crop production in a closed plant production system was developed. The solar light collector consisted of a Fresnel lens for collecting solar light, and a tracking actuator for tracking solar light from sunrise to sunset to increase the light collection efficiency. The optical fiber that transmitted solar light was made of Glass Optical Fiber (GOF), and it had an excellent optical transmission rate. After collecting the solar light, the amount of light was measured at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm distances from the GOF through the darkroom by using a light sensor logger connected to a quantum and pyranometer sensor. Compared with solar light, the light intensity of pyranometer sensor measured at 5 cm was 114% higher than solar light, and 61% at 10 cm. In addition, it was observed that it is possible to transmit the necessary amount of light for growing crops up to about 15 cm (as over 22%) through GOF. Therefore, adding diffusers to the solar light collector should be expected to replace artificial light in plant factories or plug seedlings nurseries for leafy vegetables. More studies on the solar light collection devices and the light transmission devices that have high light collection efficiency should be conducted.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.169-184
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This research is intended to analyze the current status and problems of tax benefits in the R&D sector and suggest ways to improve tax credit for research and manpower development expenses when various countries fiercely develop efforts to enhance national competitiveness through increased investment in R&D Design/methodology/approach - This study will examine the current status of the tax support system for domestic and foreign R&D, and suggest improvement measures to expand research and development activities in the future. Findings - First, a plan may be considered to abolish and perpetuate the sunset deadline for tax credit for research and manpower development expenses as in the case of the United States and Japan. This perpetuation can be a proactive measure to actively support long-term R & D investment in companies facing economic decisions under uncertainty. Second, it should be revised to raise the tax credit rate of large corporations, which are shrinking every year, compared to SMEs, so that both large corporations and SMEs can improve their international competitiveness and secure excellent technologies through R & D. Finally, the target technologies for each new growth engine and source technology should be expanded to various fields, including national cybersecurity enhancement technology, aviation engine technology, carbon emission and global cooling technologies, which are areas of interest in major overseas R&D countries, to help active R&D and investment in these areas. Research implications or Originality - This study can find a contribution in comparing and analyzing the national R&D tax support system and presenting improvement measures at a time when the benefits of tax credit for research and manpower development expenses of large companies are decreasing due to frequent tax law revisions and the government's factors of increasing tax revenues. In addition, recent research and development items and research technologies of foreign countries were analyzed by Nature's top 10 major science and technology issues, and advanced technologies that should be applied to target technology areas by new growth engine and source technology were specifically investigated and presented.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2021

A Photovoltaic power streetlight is a system that uses solar energy to charge a secondary battery and then uses it for night lighting through a lamp, and can be configured as a standalone or grid-connected type by installing an LED streetlight at the load end. The energy generated through the solar cell module can be charged to the secondary battery through the charge/discharge control device, and then the LED street light can be turned on and off by comparing the power generation voltage and the charging voltage according to the monitoring of solar radiation, or by setting a specific time after sunset or sunrise. Based on these contents, this paper designed and manufactured a simulated solar power streetlight for education using new and renewable energy utilization and storage functions. Using these educational equipment, students can 1) understand the flow of energy change using renewable energy including sunlight as electric energy, 2) understand new and renewable energy, and cultivate basic design and manufacturing application power of related products, 3) The use of new and renewable energy through power conversion and strengthening of practical training and analysis through hardware production can be instilled.

• English & American cultural studies
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.149-207
• /
• 2010

Written simultaneously with Prometheus Unbound, Shelley's "Julian & Maddalo" is a masterwork of dramatic poiesis, of doubling embedded in its couplets, dialogic debate on human nature and contrasted symbolic emblems. The emblems mirror each other and are themselves sites of generative paradox: the "heaven illumined" but "dreary tower" of the Maniac and the glorious sunsets on the "ever-shifting sand" of the Lido, a wasteland that is a place of self discovery but also of "abandonment" and barren mingling figured, inter alia, in its "amphibious weeds," a trope of the poem's personae. This essay also explores the poem's dramatic structure and various rhetorical devices, beginning with the Preface, a threshold of complex identity disguise that Shelley uses for veiled self-presentation, as in "Alastor," mirroring and literary references replete with nuanced ironies. I focus mainly on the complex figures of liminality Shelley uses to develop his own thoughts (as well as his ongoing debates with Byron) about man's potential for growth in thought, insight and empathy, in political reform and interpersonal and individual healing. Advancing Shelley's most optimistic ideas, Julian, escorted by Maddalo observes the Maniac, -- a living ruin whose pained eloquence reveals the link of eros to poiesis and the limits of the latter's ability to 'transform a world.' The Maniac is the core of muse-work (remembering, thinking and song) and Shelley presents him as its emblem. He also is prefigured in and reflects the quintessentially liminal Lido with its "barren embrace" of sea and land. Yet it is less the Maniac's feeling that his grief is "charactered in vain…on this unfeeling leaf" than Julian's rationales for leaving the site of pain that point to Shelley's final comment on poetry's transformative limits. As the primary haploids of the drama's meiosis re-combine and two of them, Maddalo and the maniac fall away, an analogy I briefly develop and embedded in the erotic dynamics of poiesis, Shelley suggests, as he did at the beginning of his poetic lyricism in "Alastor" and at its end in "the Triumph of Life"that images mislead and delude; that "the deep truth is imageless" and redemption is not in but beyond figuration.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2021

Wind and temperature were measured with a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer and the carbon dioxide concentration was measured using an infrared sensor in the tidal flat of Suncheon Bay. In general, as the temperature increases, the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, and as the temperature decreases, the carbon dioxide also decreases in the atmosphere. However, since photosynthesis declined immediately after the sunset, the concentration of carbon dioxide increased as the temperature decreased. In addition, near the high tide when the tidal flat is covered with seawater, the atmospheric turbulence was strong despite an increase in temperature, resulting in a decrease in carbon dioxide concentration. It is necessary to quantitatively evaluated the effects of photosynthesis, respiration and atmospheric turbulence on the change of carbon dioxide concentration over tidal flat ecosystems.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2021

To restore the Gold-spotted pond frog (Pelophylax chosenicus), a Korean endangered frog, 600 captive-reared individuals were reintroduced between August and September 2019 into an aquatic garden in the National Institute of Ecology where P. chosenicus had previously inhabited. After reintroduction, six post-release monitoring sessions were conducted from August 2019 to May 2020. Monitoring was performed using three methods (counting calls, observation, and capture) from sunset to midnight near release sites, eliminating potential threat factors. Snout-vent lengths and body weights of recaptured individuals were measured before they were released immediately. We noted that both snout-vent lengths and body weights of recaptured individuals were slightly higher than those before. The average recapture rate was 4.66%. Reintroduced frogs were recaptured at the last monitoring session conducted in May 2020, indicating that these reintroduced frogs hibernated during the winter successfully. We found that these reintroduced frogs successfully settled after release. This result will be useful for establishing management strategies for endangered frogs in Korea. Particularly, post-release monitoring could be an essential approach in the restoration program of a target species.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

This study is to investigate the determinants of consumption expenditure by considering potential expenditure factors such as socioeconomic, fishing village tourism behavior, motivation for visits, and optional attributes of tourists at Muchangpo webfoot octopus and finespotted flounder festival in Boryeong. The analysis data are 300 questionnaires of visitors to the festival during the 2018 Muchangpo Mysterious Sea Road Webfoot Octopus and Finespotted Flounder Festival from March 17 to April 8, 2018. As a result of analyzing the factors of consumption expenditure of tourists to the festival in Boryeong, socioeconomic factors such as gender and residential groups outside Chungcheong-do have a positive (+) effect on consumption expenditure. Among the factors of fishing village tourism behavior, the only number of days of stay more than one night has a positive (+) effect on consumption expenditure. In addition, in the analysis of factors for motivation to visit the festival, fun/interest and simple rest/leisure have a significant positive (+) effect on expenditure whereas stress relief have a negative (-) effect on expenditure. In the analysis of the factors of festival selection attributes, tourism facilities has a significant positive (+) effect on expenditure, but natural scenery and excellent natural scenery show a significant negative (-) effect on expenditure. The main implications that can be obtained from the results of this study are as follows. First, it suggests that the promotion should be actively conducted outside of Chungcheong Province in order to achieve the original purpose of revitalizing the local economy from the Muchangpo webfoot octopus and finespotted flounder festival. Second, it indicates that there should be a variety of unique high-quality festival programs differentiated from other local festivals, promoting the existence of simple rest/leisure facilities rather than webfoot octopus boat fishing experiences or natural scenery (i.e., mysterious road and sunset) in order to attract festival tourists' spending at the Muchangpo webfoot octopus and finespotted flounder festival.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.135-143
• /
• 2021

We report, for the first time, the afternoon (i.e., from noon to sunset time) observations of the northern mid-latitude E-region field-aligned irregularities (FAIs) made by the very high frequency (VHF) coherent backscatter radar operated continuously since 29 December 2009 at Daejeon (36.18°N, 127.14°E, 26.7°N dip latitude) in South Korea. We present the statistical characteristics of the mid-latitude afternoon E-region FAIs based on the continuous radar observations. Echo signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the afternoon E-region FAIs is found to be as high as 35 dB, mostly occurring around 100-135 km altitudes. Most spectral widths of the afternoon echoes are close to zero, indicating that the irregularities during the afternoon time are not related to turbulent plasma motions. The occurrence of afternoon E-regional FAI is observed with significant seasonal variation, with a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. Furthermore, to investigate the afternoon E-region FAIs-Sporadic E (E_s) relationship, the FAIs have also been compared with E_s parameters based on observations made from an ionosonde located at Icheon (37.14°N, 127.54°E, 27.7°N dip latitude), which is 100 km north of Daejeon. The virtual height of E_s (h'E_s) is mainly in the height range of 105 km to 110 km, which is 5 km to 10 km greater than the bottom of the FAI. There is no relationship between the FAI SNR and the highest frequencies (f_tE_s) (or blanket frequencies (f_bE_s)). SNR of FAIs, however, is found to be related well with (f_tE_s-f_bE_s).