• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권6호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2005

우리나라의 대표적인 황폐된 임지의 인공복원 성공지인 영일사방사업지를 대상으로 산림식생의 구성적 특성과 천이경향이 총 68개 조사구를 토대로 식물사회학적 방법과 매목조사법에 의하여 연구되었으며, 주요 사방조림목의 생장패턴이 연륜심 분석을 통하여 파악되었다. 이 지역의 식생형은 싸리-억새형과 사방오리-때죽나무형 등 2개 광역그룹으로 대별되었으며, 9개의 하위 식생단위가 유형화되었다. 상재도 패턴은 고상재도종(${\geq}IV$)은 2.6%에 불과하고 대부분의 종들이 저상재도종으로 생육분포하고 있었다. 식생천이경향은 대부분이 졸참나무림으로 변화될 것으로 판단되었다. 주요 사방조림목의 연평균 생장 폭은 수종별로 다소 차이가 있지만 곰솔과 리기다소나무 등 침엽수는 3.0~3.4 mm, 사방오리, 아까시나무, 물오리나무 등 활엽수는 4.3~4.9 mm로 나타났으며, 생장패턴은 수종에 관계없이 조림후 20~25년이 지나면서 급격한 생장감소를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2016

덕유산 백암봉 일대의 천연림을 대상으로 산림형을 구분하고, 각 산림형별 생태적 특성을 파악하여 천이경향을 제시하였다. 사분각법을 이용하여 225개의 표본점에서 식생자료를 수집하였으며, 다양한 다변량 통계분석(Cluster분석, 지표종분석, 다중판별분석 등)을 실시하여 산림형을 구분하였다. 그 결과, 연구대상지는 5개의 산림형으로 분류되었고, 상층의 우점비율 및 입지환경에 따라 능선부에서는 신갈나무림, 계곡부에서는 들메나무-물푸레나무-층층나무림과 들메나무림, 사면하부에서는 졸참나무-소나무-신갈나무림, 소나무림 등이 분포하여 입지조건에 따라 수종구성 차이가 뚜렷한 것으로 나타났다. 산림유형별 생태적, 환경적 특성을 근거로 천이경향을 추정한 결과, 현재의 산림형은 신갈나무림, 들메나무림, 중생혼합림, 참나무-서어나무림 등으로 천이가 진행될 것으로 예상되었다.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 학술논문 발표회
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• pp.121-125
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• 2004

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.50-67
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• 1993

This study analyzed the distribution and structure of the vegetation landscape in Naejangsan National Park. The plant distribution was investigated using a field survey. There were 72 sites sampled using the clumpled sampling method. The data derived from the investigation was analyzed using the quantitative analysis of Bray-Curtis method. The analysis was performed by the classification of TWINSPAN. The ordination of DCA and RA was used for the species composition and successional trends. The results are as follows; 1. Quercus. serrata-Q. variabilis community as 21.76(16.49$\textrm{km}^2$), was the largest community in the actual vegetation of the Naejangsan National Park. The degree of green naturality index 8 area covered 64.8% of the study area and the index 6 area did 16%. 2. Classified by the ordination of DCA and environmental variables, such as the plant community was divided into seven groups according to the altitude and forming groups; Chamaecy Paris. pisifera-P.densiflora community, P.densiflora community, Q.variailis community, T.nuciofera-A.palmatum community. 3. Ther species diversity and evenness indices of C.pisifera-P.densiflora community, P.densiflora community appeared low but C.laxiflora communitywhich was the most stable community in the study area. 4. The similarity indices between Q.variabilis community and Q.serrata-Q.variabilis community were calculated 58.84%, but those between other communities were comparatively low level. 5. The successional trends of DBH class seem to be from C. pisifera-P.densiflora community, P.densiflora community to Quercus species community and from Q.variabilis community, Q.serrata-Q.variabilis community to Carpinus species community. 6. Results suggested that the successional trends in Naejangsan National Park; P.densiflora community\longrightarrowQ.variablilis community, Q.serrata-Q.variabilis community\longrightarrowC.laxiflora community in sequence.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1993

본 연구는 과중한 이용압력과 대기오염 및 산성우에 의한 만성적 피해로 날로 훼손되어 가는 북한산국립공원을 대상으로 기왕에 조사된 기초자료(박 등, 1987)와 비교하여 천이의 발달상태를 알아보고자 하였다. 북한산국립공원 26군데의 조사구를 선정하여 식물군집구조조사를 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 식물군집구조분석을 위해 TWINSPAN에 의한classification 및 ordination기법중 RA, DCA, CCA를 적용하여 분석한 결과 북한산 국립공원은 해발고에 따라 4개의 군집으로 분리되었다. 분리된 각각의 군집은 아까시나무-참나무류군집, 혼효림군집, 졸참나무군집, 신갈나무군집이었다. 추정되는 천이계열은 해발고 500m이상의 교목상층에서 소나무$\longrightarrow$신갈나무, 해발고 500m이하 교목상층에서 아까시나무$\longrightarrow$상수리나무, 신갈나무, 산벚나무, 팥배나무$\longrightarrow$졸참나무 순이었으며, 교목하층과 관목층에서는 산초나무, 참싸리나무$\longrightarrow$개옻나무, 진달래, 철쭉$\longrightarrow$당단풍 순이었다. 2. 1987년도의 식물군집구조조사와 비교하여 천이가 진행된 자료는 얻을 수 없었고, 인간의 간섭과 대기오염 등에 의해 천이가 진행되지 못하는 것으로 추측되었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권6호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2005

이 연구는 점봉산 일대 천연활엽수림의 군집 유형별 천이 경향을 보다 합리적으로 추정하기 위하여 Markov chain의 이론을 응용한 추이확률 모델을 이용하여, 중층의 수종구성으로부터 상층의 수종 구성을 추정하였고, 하층의 수종구성으로부터 중층의 수종 구성을 추정하였다. 개체수 비율로 작성된 대치확률행렬에 개개 수종의 광선 흡수 요인, 번식 요인 및 목재의 이학적 성질을 종합적으로 평가한 극성상지수의 제곱을 가중치로 주어 대치확률행렬을 재구성하여 임분의 천이경향을 예측하였다. 분석된 결과에 의한 각 군집별 안정상태 시기와 상층 및 중층 예측 우점수종을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 당단풍과 까치박달은 생활형의 특성 때문에 상층으로 도약하기는 어렵지만, 높은 구성 비율을 유지할 것으로 예측됨으로서 연구대상 산림생태계에서 생태학적으로 차지하는 비중은 대단히 큰 것으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2009

Land cover changes associated with urbanization have driven climate change and pollution, which alter properties of ecosystems at local, regional, and continental scales. Thus, the relationships among urban ecological variables such as community composition, structure, health, soil and functioning need to be better understood to restore and improve urban ecosystems. In this study, we discuss urban ecosystem management and research from a futuristic perspective based on analyses of vegetation structure, composition, and successional trends, as well as the chemical properties of soils and the distribution of heat along an urban-rural gradient. Urban thermo-profile analysis using satellite images showed an obvious mitigating effect of vegetation on the Seoul heat island. Community attributes of Quercus mongolica stands reflected the effects of urbanization, such as pronounced increases in disturbance-related and pollution-tolerant species, such as Styrax japonica and Sorbus alnifolia. Retrogressive successional trends were detected in urban sites relative to those in rural sites. Changes in the urban climate and biotic environment have the potential to significantly influence the practice and outcomes of ecological management, restoration and forecasting because of the associated changes in future bio-physical settings. Thus, for management (i.e., creation and restoration) of urban green spaces, forward-thinking perspectives supported by historical information are necessary.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.41-54
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• 1991

This study was executed to analyze the vegetational landscape structure and administration planning of Younguan Royal Tomb forest by the classification and DCA ordination were applied to the study are in order to classify them into several groups based on environmental variables. Also Younguan Royal Tomb forest comparison of a pair of photographs taken in 1920s and 1990. Sixteen sites were sampled with clumped sampling method in september 1990 and five quadrats were examined in each site. By classification and DCA, the plant community were divided into two groups(A. japonica community, P. densiflora, Quercus acutissima community) by the humus. Pinus densiflora community of actual vegetion covered 15.9%, Alnus japonica 6.5% and Quercus community 65.6% of the total area. And the afforested vegetation of P. koraiensis. P. rigida and Juglans mandshurica covered 13.2%. DCA ordination showed that successional trends of tree species seem to be from P. densiflora, Q. aliena to Q. acutissima in P. densiflora community and from A. japonica community of the upper layer. By the comparison of couple photographs between 1920s and 1990 we can recognize the change of historical landscape composed of P. densiflora community, A. japonaca and those community shall be conserved by the disclimax method, i.e. the broadleaf vegetation in the underlayer in the P. densiflora community should be cleared out. Otherwise the vegetational landscape sructure in Younguan Royal Tomb is successed to progress succession to Q. acutissima landscape.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.35-47
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• 1990

This study was executed to analyze the vegetational landscape structure and administration planning of Heonin Royal Tomb forest by three kinds of ordination techniques (PCA, RA and DCA) and comparison of the couple photographs between 1920s and 1980s. Seventeen sites in the recreation area and fifteen sites in the protective area were sampled with clumped sampling method in June 1988 and five quadrats were examined in each site. Environmental impact grade 3, 4 and 5 area covered 56.4% of the surveyed area and these area should be restored by the input of human energy. Pinus densifora community of actual vegetation covered 8.4%, Alnus japonica 24.2% and Quercus community 40.9% of the total area. And the afforested vegetation of Pinus koraiensis and Pinus rigida covered 23.1 % The recreation area was divided by P. densiflora, P. densiflora-Quercus aliena, A. japonica-Q.aliena, A. japonica and the protective area by Q. acutissima, Q. aliena, A. japonica-Q. aliena.. DCA ordination showed that successional trends of tree species seem to be from P. densiflora, Sorbus alnifolia, Styrax obassia to Q. variabilis Q. serrata in P. densiflora community and from A. japonica through A. ginnala to Q. aliena in A. japonica community of the upper layer. By the comparison of the couple photographs between 1920s and 1980s, we can recognize the change of historical landscape composed of P. densiflora community and those community is succeeded to Q. aliena.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1977

In this sampling obtained 7,108 measurements for all trees larger than 2.5cm (1.0 inch) dbh from seven stands in Kwhangnung. In terms of similarity indices seven stands are classified into three kind of forest coniferous, mixed, and broadleaved froest communiteis. For ten major tree species in a three forest communities the size distributions are studied. Two forms of size distributions were observed: (1) linear relationships of log numbers of stem vs. size indicating stablesize distributions; (2) convex to bell shaped size distributions reflecting declining populaitons with a low natality rate. Survivorship analyses showed that successional trends seem to be: Pinus densilfloralongrightarrowQuercus aliena and Q. serratalongrightarrowCarpinus laxifloralongrightarrowC. erosalongrightarrowAcer pseudo-sieboldianum var. Koreanum. These results agree with the results from ordination method. An alternate pathways that Pinus koraiensis seems to be replaced by C. laxiflora were observed. It seems that successional trend is not unidireciton, but rather multi-directional.