• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1998.10c
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• pp.54-59
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• 1998

This experimental Study presents the flow properties of mortar Using the Blast-furnace Slag Sand. It gives following result. The substitution rate is inversely proportional to flow. But W/C ratio is directly proportional to flow. Consequently Flow characteristics of the Blast-furnace mortar is simillar to the river sand mortar.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.419-424
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• 2000

The primary objectives of this study are to investigate the properties of strength and durability of recycled aggregate concrete was added polypropylene as variables and to fabricate fine concrete in some conditions. The variables are substitution ratios of recycled aggregate(0, 30, 50, 100%) and additions of polypropylene(0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0%). Compressive strength test to investigate strength properties and freeze-thawing test and drying shrinkage test to durability properties were done. As the result of this study, When variables are substitution ratio(30%) of recycled aggregated and addition(0.5%) of polypropylene, fine concrete was fabricated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2003

The propose of this study is to discover the extrusion lightweight concrete panel mixing by admixture. The standard of water ratio 50% and weight substitution 0%, 10% by Fly-ash. When the products are manufactured, it is used to maintain its form weight substitution and addition among the viscosity agent each Silica-fume and Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose. The study is basic properties and performances of extrusion lightweight concrete panels. Testing methods was specific gravity, water absorption, resistance to impact, thermal conductivity, and sound insulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.25-30
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• 2003

Owing to the deterioration of reconstruction and the construction, much of the construction waste is discharged in our construction field. By supplementing aggregate resources that are insufficient by recycling waste concrete, it is considered that the resource-preserving effect according to the saving and reuse of resource as well as eco-friendly effect that is regarded as important in recent industrial society may be expected. In this study conducted an experiment by setting up 15 levels according to the variations in the rate of substitution of recycled coarse aggregate by the water cement ratio(40, 50, 60%). As the result of it, the slump and air contents was increased by ratio of coarse aggregate, and the elapsed characteristics by the ratio of recycled coarse aggregate showed that there is no clear difference in slump and the air contents. Further, in the characteristics of strength development, the lower the water cement ratio, the higher the compressive strength at early ages, compared with crushed stone, while the compression declined according to the increase of substitution rate of recycled gravel as it was tending upward long-term ages.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.189-190
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• 2016

Lightweight concrete is currently used at apartment buildings or housing construction sites causes some uneconomical problems due to excessive cracks and subsidences. So, it is in the situation that it is necessary to set up countermeasures against such subsidences. Therefore, in this study, it is intended to analyze the prevention of a subsidence inducing the expansion of the aluminum components depending on the changes of substitution rate and bubble mixing ratio by using the bubble-based Leavening Agent that Aluminum slag as an industrial by-product is substituted into some desulfurized plaster. As the results, it was found that the blending ratios, such as, the substitution ratio of bubble-based leavening agent (1%) and the bubble mixing ratio (65%) are appropriate while the flow property, subsidence depth and compression strength are considered.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2013

The Rubus coreanus Miquel concentrate was added in 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, and 40% substitution ratios by weight per sugar. The specific gravity and water content in pound cake batter tended to increase specific gravity according to the added Rubus coreanus Miquel concentrate. The volume, weight, and specific loaf volume in pound cake tended to decrease by according to the addition Rubus coreanus Miquel concentrate. Moisture contents in pound cake tended to increase long the addition Rubus coreanus Miquel concentrate. Brix and pH also decreased. 'L' and 'b' along with the increase in 'a' values were followed in proportion to the substitution ratio. Typical textural parameters like hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were increased in proportion to the substitution ratios, but springiness decreased. Adhesiveness and cohesiveness did not show any considerable differences between the pound cakes. The sensory evaluation showed a high preference for pound cake made with 30% Rubus coreanus Miquel concentrate.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06b
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• pp.517-520
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• 2004

Organosilicate films are promising porous low-dielectric materials, which can replace the silicon dioxide films. It was researched that organosilicate films have two different chemical shifts according to the increase of the flow rate ratio. There are the red shift due to the electron deficient substitution group, and the blue shift of the electron rich substitution group. Among these chemical shifts, the blue shift from $1000 cm^{-1}$ to $1250 cm^{-1}$ was related with the formation of pores. The methyl radicals of the electron-rich substitution group terminate easily the Si-O-Si cross-link, and the Si-O-C cage-link near $1057 cm^{-1}$ is originated from the cross-link breakdown due to much methyl radicals.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.274-282
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• 1993

Resorcinol-tannin-formaldehyde-latex(RTFL) adhesive was prepared to bond SBR to nylon in reinforced rubber composites. A key factor of adhesive contributes to the adhesion strength between SBR and nylon was the toughness of adhesive itself. Although the stiffness and strength of adhesive film decreased slightly with increasing level of tannin substitution for resorcinol in a standard RFL adhesive, the maximum toughness of adhesive film, which showed yield behavior and high dissipative capacity, was obtain by 60% tannin substitution. However, a marked softening and reduction in toughness occurred at sufficiently high substitution. Also, the adhesive film, which was heat-treated to simulate cure, showed higher strength than the unheated film. Thus, the properties of tannin containing adhesives could be optimized by using 40/60 weight ratio of the resorcinol/tannin in RTFL adhesive composition as well as heat treatment of adhesive film.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.79-80
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• 2019

This study was intended to examine the possibility of reducing hydration heat by FA substitution and combination of slag (CGS) from coal gasification power generation (IGCC) with mixed aggregate for concrete. The analysis results showed good results if liquidity increases as the ratio of CGS increases, air volume decreases, and compressive strength is mixed up to 25% in the residual aggregate. The results showed that the heat of hydration was reduced compared to plain due to the boron content of CGS as the CGS substitution rate increased, but it was larger due to the combination with FA substitution. It was found that the heat of hydration was reduced.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.377-380
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• 2006

HPFRCCs(High performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites) is a class of FRCCs(Fiber reinforced cementitious composites) exhibit multiple crack. Multiple crack lead to improvement in ductility, toughness, and deformation capacity under compressive and tensile stress. These properties of HPFRCCs are affected by type of fiber, water cement ratio, type of admixture and rate of substitution. Furthermore these influence dispersion of fiber, mixing performance and fluidity of mixture. In this paper, HPFRCCs made of steel cord and carbon fiber were tested with water cement ratio, type of admixture and rate of substitution to evaluate characteristics of mixing and flexural strength.