• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose: Tumor associated angiogenesis and/or lymphangiogenesis are known to be linked by VEGFR signaling pathways. These processes are regulated by several growth factors including VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3. E7080 is an orally active inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases including VEGFR-2, 3. Therefore, it was proposed that E7080 may inhibit angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of E7080 in a nude mouse model of OSCC. Methods: KB cells were xenografted into the submucosal tissue of the mouth floor of athymic mice. Seven days after the xenograft, the mice were randomized into 2 groups. E7080 were administered orally to the experimental group once per day. The mice were sacrificed 3 weeks after the treatment. The tumors were examined histopathologically. Immunohistochemical assays with anti- VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, phosphorylated VEGFR-2/3 (pVEGFR-2/3), and D2-40 antibodies were then performed. Results: The transplantation of human OSCC tumor cells into the mouth floor resulted in the formation of orthotopic tumors. The experimental (E7080 treatment) group showed a slowly increased tumor volume. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining demonstrated higher levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, pVEGFR-2/3 and D2-40 expression in the control group than in the experimental group. Conclusion: These results suggest that E7080 may provide therapeutic benefits in OSCC.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.409-412
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• 1987

질내(膣內)에 발생(發生)한 종양(腫瘍)으로 인하여 내원(來院)한 13년생(年生) terrier견(犬)에 대하여 회음부(會陰部)를 통한 종탕절제술(腫蕩切除術)을 실시(實施)한 증례(症例)를 보고(報告)한다. 1. 조직학적(組織學的)으로 관찰(觀察)한 결과 섬유종(纖維腫)으로 인정(認定)되었다. 2. 외음순(外陰脣)의 배측연접(背側連接) 상부(上部)의 1cm 폭(幅)을 남겨놓고 질부(膣部)의 배벽(背壁)까지 피부(皮膚) 및 근층(筋層)을 절개(切開)한 후절개창공(後切開創孔)을 통하여 종양물(腫瘍物)들을 절제(切除)한 결과(結果) 외음부(外陰部)의 형태에 변화(變化)를 일으키지 않고 원상(原狀)을 유지(維持)하였다. 3. 절제후(切除後) 현재(現在)까지 (약(約)6개월(個月)) 재발미후(再發微候)는 인정(認定)되지 않았다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2003

Uterine stromal tumors with features of ovarian sex-cord differentiation are relatively rare. The neoplasms composed of sex cord-like components in more than 50% of the tumor are classified as group II. We report the cytologic findings of a case of uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex-cord tumor. The cervical smears of a 62-year-old woman with submucosal tumor showed loose aggregates of spindle cells as well as glandular or tubular structures of round cells with a distinct ceil membrane and a prominent small nucleolus. Because uterine stromal tumor can have sex cord differentiation, its possibility should be considered in the interpretation of cervical smears.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.480-483
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• 2012

Schwannoma is a benign, slow-growing, tumor of the peripheral nerves without specific symptoms, so that early diagnosis may be difficult. Though approximately 25~40% of all schwannomas occur extracranially in the head and neck region, only 1% of schwannomas are reported in the oral cavity. An 18-years-old female patient visited our clinic with a mass on the middle-right-dorsal surface of the tongue slowly growing for 1.5 years. The patient underwent the surgical removal of the neoplasia under general anesthesia. The mass was well capsulated and a cleavage plane was easily found. There was no recidivation during the course of a one-year follow-up. The treatment for schwannoma is surgical excision of the lesion and recurrence after excision of schwannoma is rare. The final diagnosis is made after a histological examination. Differential diagnoses must be made in relation to malignant tumors and in relation to numerous benign neoformations based on epithelial and connective tissues.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.277-281
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• 2017

Plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor (PAMT) of the stomach is a very rare mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of asymptomatic gastric PAMT that was pathologically confirmed after surgical resection. The tumor had a multinodular plexiform growth pattern, bland-looking spindle cells, and an Alcian bluepositive myxoid stromal matrix rich in small blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the tumor cells of the PAMT were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and negative for c-kit, CD34, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and desmin. PAMT should be differentiated from other submucosal tumors of the stomach by immunohistochemical findings. Considering the benign features of this tumor, observation without resection may be an option for the treatment of PAMT if the tumor is asymptomatic.

• 대한상부위장관⦁헬리코박터학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2018

Xanthogranulomatous gastritis (XGG) presenting as a subepithelial tumor (SET) is a very rare entity. We report a case of SET-like XGG diagnosed and treated with endoscopic resection. A 55-year-old female patient was initially referred with a 1.5-cm SET located at the anterior wall of the middle antrum. Endoscopic ultrasound examination revealed submucosal invasion without any perigastric lymph node enlargement. Endoscopic resection was performed for an accurate diagnosis and treatment, and the lesion was diagnosed histopathologically as XGG. At the 18-month follow-up after endoscopic resection, there was no evidence of XGG recurrence. SET-like XGG is very rare and the diagnosis is a preoperative challenge. However, inflammatory tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of SET.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2023

Appropriate sedation and analgesia are crucial for successful endoscopic procedures, patient safety, and satisfaction. Endoscopic resection for upper gastrointestinal tumors requires a deep sedation level because the procedure is lengthy and induces moderate to severe pain. Continuous patient consciousness assessment and vigilant vital signs monitoring are required for deep sedation. General anesthesia may unintentionally occur even during deep sedation for endoscopic tumor resection, which may cause unexpected complications, especially in high-risk patients. Previous studies have revealed that general anesthesia increases the en bloc resection rate and decreases the procedure time. Complications, such as perforation, aspiration pneumonia, and cardiopulmonary instability, including hypoxemia, hypotension, and arrhythmia, occurred more frequently in patients with sedation compared to those with general anesthesia. Therefore, general anesthesia demonstrated potential benefits in endoscopic treatment results and patient safety. General anesthesia should be considered a useful alternative for sedation in patients undergoing endoscopic gastrointestinal tumor resection. However, more high-quality prospective studies are required to determine the safety and effectiveness of general anesthesia in endoscopic upper gastrointestinal tumor resection because most studies comparing general anesthesia and sedation in these procedures have been retrospectively conducted and the results were inconsistent.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.1044-1050
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• 2010

내시경 초음파는 초음파 진동자를 내시경 끝에 부착하여 그 주위의 장기를 관찰할 목적으로 개발된 의료기기이다. 내시경 초음파 검사는 점막하 종양을 직접 관찰 할 수 있어 종양의 병리 소견이 예측 가능하지만, 종양의 악성화 여부 등에 대해 주관적인 소견이 개입될 수 있는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 주관적인 소견으로 인해 나타나는 문제점을 객관화하여 질병의 정확도와 재현성을 높이기 위해 종양의 각 특징을 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법을 적용하기 위해서 내시경 초음파 검사로 얻어진 초기 영상에서 분석에 필요한 초음파 영역을 추출한다. 초음파 영역은 여러 요인으로 인하여 명암도 값의 차이가 발생하는데, 이는 객관적인 분석에는 비효율적이다. 따라서 초기 검사 시에 매질로써 주입되는 물 영역의 명암도를 기준으로 하여 초음파 영역의 명암도를 표준화 한다. 표준화된 초음파 영역에서 전문의에 의하여 선택된 종양 영역에 LVQ 알고리즘과 비트 평면 분할 방법을 각각 적용하여 에코가 높은 spot 영역과 칼슘이 침착된 영역을 추출하고 분석한다. 종양 영역의 세밀한 분석을 위하여 명암도 값과, 종양 영역 내에서 전문의가 임의로 선택한 두 지점의 거리에 포함된 명암도 정보를 추출한다. 또한 선택된 종양의 악성도를 구분하기 위하여 종양 영역에서 외곽의 기울기를 계산한다. 내시경 초음파 영상에서 각 질병의 특징을 분석한 결과, 제시된 방법이 종양이 가지는 특징을 분석하는데 도움이 되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2023

Background: There are no clear guidelines to determine whether to perform D1 or D1+ lymph node dissection in early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to develop a nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric lymph node metastasis (LNM). Materials and Methods: Between 2009 and 2019, a total of 4,482 patients with pathologically confirmed T1 disease at 6 affiliated hospitals were included in this study. The basic clinicopathological characteristics of the positive and negative extraperigastric LNM groups were compared. The possible risk factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Based on these results, a risk prediction model was developed. A nomogram predicting extraperigastric LNM was used for internal validation. Results: Multivariate analyses showed that tumor size (cut-off value 3.0 cm, odds ratio [OR]=1.886, P=0.030), tumor depth (OR=1.853 for tumors with sm2 and sm3 invasion, P=0.010), cross-sectional location (OR=0.490 for tumors located on the greater curvature, P=0.0303), differentiation (OR=0.584 for differentiated tumors, P=0.0070), and lymphovascular invasion (OR=11.125, P<0.001) are possible risk factors for extraperigastric LNM. An equation for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM was derived from these risk factors. The equation was internally validated by comparing the actual metastatic rate with the predicted rate, which showed good agreement. Conclusions: A nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM in EGC was successfully developed. Although there are some limitations to applying this model because it was developed based on pathological data, it can be optimally adapted for patients who require curative gastrectomy after endoscopic submucosal dissection.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2005

목적: 내시경 초음파 검사는 종양의 입체상을 파악하기가 용이하므로 위에 발생하는 점막 하 종양의 진단에 효과적으로 이용된다. 저자들은 위의 위장관 간질성 종양에 대한 내시경 초음파 소견을 분석하여 악성과 양성 종양을 감별할 수 있는 지표를 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 위에 발생한 위장관 간질성 종양으로 수술하고 절제 표본의 조직 진단으로 확진한 30예(양성 종양 23예, 악성 종양 7예)를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 전의 내시경 초음파 검사 소견을 조사하고 양성과 악성 종양으로 구분하여 비교하였다. 내시경 초음파 소견상 감별 지표로는 병변의 크기, 병변의 위치, 종양 내부의 낭성 병변, 종양 내의 에코성 초점, 종양 외벽 변연의 규칙성, 병변 내부의 불균질성, 종양 표면의 궤양 형성 등을 조사하였다. 결과: 병변의 크기는 악성 종양의 $85.7\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에서 40 mm 이상이었다(P=0.000). 병변의 위치 분포는 악성과 양성 종양에 차이가 없었다(P=0.437). 병변 내부의 낭성 병변이 악성 종양의 $71.4\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에서 관찰되었다(P=0.003). 종양 내 에코성 초점의 존재는 악성 종양 $42.9\%$, 양성 종양 $8.7\%$로 차이가 없었다(P=0.068). 병변 외벽 변연의 규칙성은 악성 종양의 $71.4\%$, 양성 종양의 $17.4\%$가 불규칙한 변연 소견을 보였다(P=0.014).악성 종양의 $85.7\%$, 양성 종양의 $13.0\%$에서 병변 내부의 불균질성을 보였다(P=0.001). 종양 표면의 궤양 형성은 악성 종양의 $28.6\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에 발견되어 차이가 없었다(P=0.225). 결론: 종양의 크기가 4 cm 이상, 종양 내 낭성 병변의 존재, 불규칙한 종양의 외측 변연, 종양 내부 에코의 불균질성 등이 악성 종양의 가능성을 시사하는 소견으로 조사되었다. 위의 위장관 간질성 종양의 치료 방침을 결정하는데 이러한 지표들을 임상적으로 유용하게 적용할 수 있을 것이다.