• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.446-453
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• 2024

With increasing global life expectancy, the significance of geriatric assessment parameters has increased. Sarcopenia is a crucial assessment parameter and is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Sarcopenia is widely acknowledged as a risk factor for postoperative complications in diverse advanced malignancies and has a detrimental effect on the long-term prognosis. While most studies have primarily concentrated on the correlation between sarcopenia and advanced cancer, more recent investigations have focused on the relationship between sarcopenia and early-stage cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which is less invasive than surgical intervention, is extensively employed in the management of early-stage cancer, although it is associated with complications such as bleeding and perforation. In recent years, several reports have revealed the adverse consequences of sarcopenia in patients with early-stage cancer undergoing ESD. This literature review briefly summarizes the recent studies on the association between sarcopenia and ESD.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2009

목적 : 방광요관역류에 대한 치료법으로 최근 시행되고 있는 내시경적 요관 점막하 $Deflux^{(R)}$ (Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer) 주사요법의 효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2000년 3월부터 2006년 2월까지 경북대병원 소아과에 내원하여 일차성 방광요관역류로 진단받고 이후 비뇨기과에서 내시경적 $Deflux^{(R)}$ 주사요법을 시행 받은 38명(59요관)을 대상으로 하였다. 의무기록을 통한 후향적 연구를 시행하였으며, 시술 6개월 후에 VCUG를 시행하여 방광요관역류의 치료 성공 및 호전 정도를 조사하였다. 결과 : 대상 환아의 평균연령은 2년 7개월이었으며 남녀비는 17:21이었다. 양측성이 21명(55.3%), 일측성이 17명(44.7%)이었으며 역류를 처음으로 진단받은 뒤 평균 24개월 후에 내시경적 $Deflux^{(R)}$ 주사요법을 시행 받았고 평균 주입량은 0.77 cc 였다. 시행 후 성공률은 Grade 1에서 100%, Grade 2에서 87.5%, Grade 3에서 60%, Grade 4에서 20%, Grade 5에서 16.6%였으며(r=-0.99, P=0.02), 호전률은 단계별로 각각 100%, 75%, 100%, 80%, 83% 이었다(r=-0.39, P=0.21). 즉, 방광요관역류의 단계와 호전률 사이에는 의미 있는 상관관계가 없었으나, 방광요관역류의 단계가 높을수록 성공률이 의미 있게 감소하였다. 그밖에, 방광요관역류의 진단 당시 연령, $Deflux^{(R)}$ 시술까지의 시간, $Deflux^{(R)}$ 주입량, 배뇨장애 유무, 변비의 유무와 성공률은 통계학적으로 의미 있는 상관관계를 보이지 않았고, 항콜린제 사용군에서 성공률이 의미 있게 낮았다. 결론 : 내시경적 요관 점막하 $Deflux^{(R)}$ 주사요법은 역류단계가 낮은 환아에서는 효과적인 치료법으로, 예방적 항생제 요법을 대신하고 개복 수술 전 단계로 시행할 만한 바람직한 방법으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2001

Objective: To elucidate 1) whether there are any differences in the urine concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites between patients with leiomyoma and normal controls 2) the correlation between urinary profiles of steroid hormones and leiomyomas of the uterus according to their type, location, volume, and weight. Materials of Methods : The study population consisted of 37 premenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma and the control group consisted of 25 premenopausal normal volunteer women without uterine leiomyoma. Confirmation of the existence of uterine leiomyoma was done by ultrasonography and histopathological examination after surgery. The volume of the leiomyoma was estimated by trans-abdominal and/or trans-vaginal ultrasonography. The Leiomyomas were divided into 3 types (subserosal, intramural and submucosal). Seventeen patients had subserosal type of leiomyoma, 10 with the intramural type and 10 with the submucosal type. The locations of the leiomyoma were also divided into 3 groups (fundus, body and isthmus). Seventeen patients showed a fundus location, 10 in body, and 10 in isthmus. We compared urinary profiles of the endogenous steroids between patients with leiomyomas and normal controls, and also investigated the relationship between urinary profiles of the endogenous steroids and leiomyomas according to their type, location, volume and weight by using highly sensitive Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) system. Results: The mean ages of the patients with leiomyomas and the control group were $43.1{\pm}5.6$ and $40.6{\pm}7.2$ years, the weights were $63.4{\pm}7.3$ and $59.4{\pm}8.1\;kg$, and their heights were $155.4{\pm}4.8$ and $159.3{\pm}4.8\;cm$ respectively. Seventeen patients had subserosal, 10 had intramural, and 10 had submucosal leiomyomas. There were 17 patients with leiomyoma located in fundus, 10 in body and 10 in isthmus. $17{\beta}$-estradiol, 5-AT, 11-keto ET, $11{\beta}$-hydroxy An, $11{\beta}$-hydroxy Et, THS, THA, THE, a-cortolone, a-cortol, $\beta$-cortol, $11{\beta}$-OH Et/$11{\beta}$-OH An and E2/E1 were significantly increased in patients with leiomyoma than in the control group. $17{\beta}$-estradiol was significantly increased in the intramural and the submucosal types than in the subserosal type. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of urinary steroids according to the locations of leiomyomas. There was no significant relationship between the concentration of urinary steroids and the volume of the leiomyomas. $17{\beta}$-estradiol significantly decreased as the weight of uterus increased (r=-0.322, p=0.04). Conclusion: The concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites were generally increased in patients with leiomyoma but were not significantly related to the volume and weight of the leiomyomas. Our study suggests that steroid hormones may be involved in the initiation of leiomyomas but may not be involved in their progression. In addition, the concentrations of steroid hormone metabolites are not related to the leiomyoma type and location.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2009

목적: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C와 -D 및 Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2는 위암에서 림프절 전이와 연관이 있다고 알려져 있다. 이에 저자들은 점막하 침윤 조기위암에서 VEGF-C와 -D 및 COX-2의 발현과 림프절 전이 등을 포함하는 다양한 임상병리학적 인자와의 관련성을 알아 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1991년 1월부터 2007년 10월까지 본원에서 점막하 침윤 조기위암으로 수술을 시행 받은 85명의 환자를 대상으로 VEGF-C, -D 및 COX-2와 VEGF-C에 대한 면역 조직화학 염색을 시행하였다. 염색의 결과에 따라 환자군을 나누어 다양한 임상병리학적 인자와의 연관성을 조사하였고, 또 이 세 가지 인자들 상호 간의 연관 관계를 분석하였다. 결과: 전체 85명의 환자 중 16명이 림프절 전이가 있었다(18.8%). VEGF-C는 34.1% VEGF-D는 22.3% 그리고 COX-2는 37.6%가 양성으로 판정되었다. 이 중 VEGF-C와 COX-2 모두 림프절 전이와 유의한 상관관계를 보였고(P<0.001, P=0.023). VEGF-D와 연관성을 보이는 인자는 확인하지 못하였다. 또 VEGF-C와 COX-2의 발현은 밀접한 상관관계를 보였다(P=0.001). 결론: 점막하 침윤 조기위암에서 VEGF-C와 COX-2는 림프절 전이와 연관이 있고, 따라서 이 두 인자가 점막하 침윤 조기위암의 림프절 전이를 예측하는 인자로서의 가능성이 있다고 할 수 있겠다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2003

연구배경 : 천식과 호산구성 기관지염은 기도의 호산구성 염증 질환이다. 그러나, 호산구성 기관지염은 천식과 달리 기도의 가역적인 폐쇄와 기도 과민반응이 관찰되지 않는다. 천식은 호산구와 CD4 립프구의 침윤이 특징인데, 최근 천식과 호산구성 기관지염에서 호산구와 림프구 침윤의 정도는 차이가 없는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구는 천식과 호산구성 기관지염에서 CD4, CD8 림프구 침윤의 정도를 비교하여 두 질환의 명인기전의 차이점을 밝히고자 한다. 방 법 : 천식환자 17명과 호산구성 기관지염 환자 24명을 대상으로 기관지 내시경하 점막 조직 생검을 시행하고, 기관지 조직에서 CD4, CD8 림프구에 대한 면역 조직화학 염색을 시행하여, 통계적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : CD4 림프구의 중위값($cells/mm^2$)은 호산구성 기관지염군에서는 58.6(34.6~92.5), 천식군에서는 50.0(19.9~87.3)이었다. 두 군에서 CD4림프구의 수는 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.341). CD8 림프구의 중위값($cells/mm^2$)은 호산구성 기관지염군에서는 46.7(30.0~98.9), 천식군에서는 11.8(5.1~38.5)이었다. CD8 림프구의 수는 두군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(P=0.003). 결 론 : 호산구성 기관지염에서 CD8 림프구의 침윤이 현저하며, CD8 림프구가 호산구성 기관지염의 병인기전과 천식과 다른 임상적 특징을 나타내는데 관여 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.496-496
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• 1980

A 37 year old male patient was suffered from severe labored breathing caused by post tracheostomy stenosis, which was localized at the mediastinal trachea [cuffed tracheal stenosis] and ranged 1.5 cm in length and approximately 3 ram. in diameter on tracheogram. After dilation of tracheal stenosis with dilator, endotracheal intubation was tried for induction of anesthesia and control of respiration during operation. A tube was placed just beyond the tracheal stenosis without respiratory difficulty. Under the endotracheal anesthesia, circumferential resection of the mediastinal trachea containing the stenosis, approximately 2 cm in length [4 tracheal rings}, was carried out and primary direct end to end anastomosis was performed with interrupted submucosal sutures [3-0 Dexon] and mobilization of trachea Postoperative tracheostomy was not performed. The patient was completely relieved from dyspnea immediately after operation. Post-operative convalescence was entirely uneventful and at present, about 3 months after operation, he is now conducting a usual life. From the literature and our experience, the etiology and treatment of post-tracheostomy stenosis were discussed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.503-506
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• 1980

A 37 year old male patient was suffered from severe labored breathing caused by post tracheostomy stenosis, which was localized at the mediastinal trachea [cuffed tracheal stenosis] and ranged 1.5 cm in length and approximately 3 ram. in diameter on tracheogram. After dilation of tracheal stenosis with dilator, endotracheal intubation was tried for induction of anesthesia and control of respiration during operation. A tube was placed just beyond the tracheal stenosis without respiratory difficulty. Under the endotracheal anesthesia, circumferential resection of the mediastinal trachea containing the stenosis, approximately 2 cm in length [4 tracheal rings}, was carried out and primary direct end to end anastomosis was performed with interrupted submucosal sutures [3-0 Dexon] and mobilization of trachea Postoperative tracheostomy was not performed. The patient was completely relieved from dyspnea immediately after operation. Post-operative convalescence was entirely uneventful and at present, about 3 months after operation, he is now conducting a usual life. From the literature and our experience, the etiology and treatment of post-tracheostomy stenosis were discussed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.172-175
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• 1998

With the recent advances in instruments and techniques, laparoscopic procedure have extended to neonates with congenital anomalies. The author reports a 6-day-old boy with Hirschsprung's disease, treated successfully by the laparoscopic endorectall pull-through procedure. The technique and its potential role in the treatment of Hirschsprung's disease are described. One camera port and three working ports were used for access to the peritoneal cavity. The descending and sigmoid colon were mobilized laparoscopically. The submucosal dissection was done transanally. The colon was then pulled down in continuity, divided above the transition zone, and secured to the anal mucosa about 10 mm above the pectinate line. Author concluded that endorectal pull-through can be performed safety with the laparoscope.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2011

The natural course of untreated patients with signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach remains poorly understood while assumptions have been made to distinguish it from other types of gastric cancer. A 74-year-old Korean woman was diagnosed with early gastric cancer with signet ring cell histology and refused surgery. A satellite lesion was identified 46 months after the initial diagnosis. The patient finally agreed to undergo distal subtotal gastrectomy 53 months following the initial diagnosis. Postoperative histological examination of both lesions confirmed signet ring cell carcinoma associated with submucosal invasion. There was no evidence of lymph node metastasis.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-35
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• 2006

Killian-Jamieson and Zenker diverticula are both rare pharyngoesophageal diverticula. Both are outpouching of the mucosal and submucosal layers of the esophageal wall, which protrude through a mucosal gap at the level of the pharyngoesophageal esophagus. When these diverticula are large enough, they can be in proximity to the thyroid gland and may mimic a thyroid nodule. We report a case in which a diverticulum was filled with dietary residue and thus simulated a thyroid cyst on CT scan. And it was finally diagnosed as a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum by the surgery.