• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.781-789
• /
• 2021

To enhance the design and comfort of waist-protection corsets, this study analyzed the product characteristics of five types of posture-correction corsets that are available commercially. Additionally, subjective evaluation of the corsets was conducted on women aged 20 to 60 years, in terms of design, material preference, fit, comfort, degree of correction, freedom of movement, tightness, and convenience of front fastening. Following product analysis, the five corset types were divided into: two soft, one semi-hard, and two hard types in terms of the degree of elongation. As a result of pattern analysis, the soft type was designed to improve fit by reflecting the body curvature, whereas the semi-hard and hard types were relatively flat. Through the wearing sensation assessment, the hard type manufactured by company S was the best in terms of design, material, fit, comfort, correction degree, and freedom of movement. The soft type was average in design, material, and fit while relatively poor in the correction degree and tightness. The results indicated that soft materials, flexible bones with appropriate tension, patterns designed to snugly fit the body with large curvature at the top and bottom for better inflection, and adjustable support belts that can be double-fixed are crucial elements in improving the corset design to boost the comfort of wearing. These study results are helpful in the development of waist-protection corsets with excellent wearing comfort and design appreciated by customers.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.765-780
• /
• 2012

This study was investigated the clothing microclimate, subjective sensation for the improvement of traditional koran high school student uniform so called "Saenghwal Hanbok". For the purpose, casual hanbok school summer uniforms were made. They were made of 4 different textiles materials - P/R, P100, P/C, P/R/S for blouses, P/W, P100, P/R, P/W/F for skirts. Then their clothing microclimate, subjective sensation were tested at room temperature $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $50{\pm}10%$ R.H. Clothing Microclimates wearing on the blouses were good matched comfort temperature range. Subjective sensations wearing on the blouses were better than those of traditional koran clothes so called "Hanbok" and quite same for western style clothes. Thermal sensations were indicated some hot condition, and moisture sensations were indicated some wet condition but tactile sensations and comfortable sensations were agreeable. The temperatures of the forehead and the breast wearing on the skirts were indicated the same results with the cases of the blouses. Leg temperatures were some lower than the mean skin temperature, the other parts' temperatures were slightly higher than blouses but the mean skin temperatures were satisfied comfortable ranges. Subjective sensations wearing on the skirts were better than those of the other traditional clothes and even Western clothes. Thermal sensations and moisture sensations were resulted the same with the case of blouses. Currently, P/R material and P/W material seemed to be cool and respectively suitable for blouses and skirts in summer among the materials of modernized Korean traditional costumes and school uniforms, since those materials lowered skin temperature. But better, physiologically pleasant materials for summer clothes should be development in consideration of clothing microclimate and subjective sensation.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.36-50
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was 1) to estimate the improvement of thermal storage/release and moisture transport properties of PEG-treated acrylic athletic socks and suggest the optimum add-on for PEG treatment, 2) to investigate wear performance of untreated cocks and two kinds of socks treated with PEG of minimum and optimum add-on respectively, and 3) to consider the effect of thermal storage/release and moisture transport properties of PEG- treated socks on the wear performance and the subjective comfort zone. Thermal activities of specimens treated by PDC were evaluated on a DSC by measuring the heat of fusion on heating and the heat of crystallization on cooling. Moisture regain, absorption speed, wickability, water retenti on value, and water-vapor permeability were measured. In the wear trials that the subjects performed a subsequent exercise protocol wearing three differently treated socks in a conditioned environment ($14\pm2^{\circ}C$, 65$\pm$2% R.H.), microclimate temperature and humidity, and subjective wear sensations including thermal sensation, wettedness, softness, fit, and overall comfort were obtained. PEC-treated specimens with more than 20% add-on showed thermal storage on heating and thermal release on cooling by a DSC and the heat contents of treated ones were generally proportional to the add-ons. Moisture transport properties were highly improved after PEG treatment and increased rapidly with increasing add-on. The tendencies were, however, relaxed above 50% add-on and the treated knits were much stiffer above that add-on. In the wear trials of untreated, PEG add-on 20%, and 50% acrylic socks, the changes of microclimate temperature of 50% socks were significantly less than that of 20% socks. PEG add-on 50% socks showed significantly less changes of microclimate humidity than other two kinds of socks. Three kinds of socks showed significant differences in overall comfort and add-on 50% socks were accepted more comfortable than other two kinds of socks. Comfort zone of foot was extended after PEG treatment on socks and it implied that the subjects wearing PEG- treated socks felt comfortable in wider ranges of microclimate temperature and humidity.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제42권10호
• /
• pp.91-104
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of clothing microclimates and the subjective sensations according to age, gender and clothing weight for $19^{\circ}C$ air temperature. This study was done to gain fundamental data related to saving heating energy and to improve health through wearing underwear (long johns) in lower indoor temperatures. The subjects were divided into four groups (6 young males, 5 young females, 6 old males, 6 old females), and our experiment consisted of three conditions; the first condition was wearing long underwear in $19^{\circ}C$ air (19CUW condition); the second condition was without wearing long underwear in $19^{\circ}C$ air (19C condition); and the third condition was without wearing underwear in $24^{\circ}C$ air (24C condition). The experiment showed that the clothing microclimate temperature and humidity was the lowest in the 19C condition and the highest in the 24C condition irrespective of age and gender. The clothing microclimate in the 19CUW condition was not significantly distinguishable from the other conditions. Clothing microclimate temperature and humidity when the subjects responded thermal comfort was $28\~34^{\circ}C$ and $15\~40\%$RH without any significant difference according to age and gender. For the thermal sensation, the 24C condition was regarded as the warmest environment by the four groups, and the next preference was the 19CUW condition (p<0.001). Young females and old males showed a tendency to feel colder than young males and old females. For the thermal sensation of hands and feet, the young groups felt the warmest in the 24C condition and the coolest in the 19 C condition (p<0.001). However, old males felt neutral for the foot thermal sensation without any significant difference between the three conditions. Old females felt neutral for both the hands and feet thermal sensations without any significant difference between the three conditions. Thermal preference was the highest in the 24C condition for the 4 groups. In the 19CUW condition, for the thermal preference, most young males and females responded 'No change'; on the other hand, mea of the old responded 'Warmer'(p<0.001). It was the 24C condition that the 4 subject groups felt the most thermally comfortable. In the 19CUW condition, over $80\%$ of responses of each group expressed satisfaction and in the 19C condition, over $80\%$ of responses of each group, except young females, expressed satisfaction. In conclusion, in view of the clothing microclimate and subjective sensations, the 24C condition was the condition that gave subjects the least cold stress and the best subjective preference. However, the 19C condition and the 19CUW condition was not such a cold stress as to give healthy subjects a thermal burden.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.739-748
• /
• 2020

In this study, a wrist protector was manufactured and designed using 3D printing technology to prevent wrist pain when riding a bicycle with a high forward-tilted saddle. The efficiency of the design was analyzed in objective and subjective evaluations. First, seven women in their twenties selected their most preferred design by subjective evaluation from among three 3D wrist protectors. Then electromyography (EMG) was measured and subjective sensations were evaluated while wearing and not wearing the preferred 3D wrist protector as selected by cyclists. Experimental results showed that a wrist-bending angle of 30 degrees was most favored. When the 3D wrist protector was worn, muscle activity was smaller at the flexor carpus radialis position than when the 3D wrist protector was not worn; muscle fatigue was also lower. In the subjective evaluation, the 3D wrist protector was more comfortable than no protector, and wrist fatigue was also lower. In addition, the wrist protector was rated positively for its design suitability, size adequacy, ease of operation, and fit; however, cyclists felt that a little more cushioning was needed.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.116-126
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to examine the effect of difference in materials of aerobic wear on both human body's physiological reactions and subjective wearing sensation by comparing and analysing not only cotton sparidex A, B and C but nylon spandex D, E and F used as actually wearing materials. The rectal temperature of type A and I remained at high degree, the type C was higher from after high-speed running but dropped sharply when taking a break finally. Both skin temperature and mean skin temperature dropped sharply due to sweat occurred during physical exercise, and then rose slowly when taking a break. Type A -D and B-I showed that the mean skin temperature remained at high degree when wearing a cotton spandex. Type C's temperature within its aerobic wear was lower than type F while its relative humidity was higher than type F. Wearing sensation showed a change similar to wearing, particularly, which was remarkable in type B-E. Also, it was shown that humidity sensation, tactile sensation and comfort sensation were good when wearing the cotton spandex.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2019

This study aims to investigate the relation between pressure, 3D length change, and subjective pressure sensation in sports brassieres. Seven Korean women in their 20s and 30s were chosen as subjects. In the experiment, the subjects evaluated four types of sports brassieres wherein the lower band was changed. The results of the study were as follows. The pressure according to the measurement position was lower at the front part than at the side and back parts (p<.05), and there was no difference in the pressure according to the brassiere type. It was observed that brassiere C, which had the higher extension band, was elongated more than the other brassieres when worn. In the case of brassiere B, which had a slit in the front center, it was observed that the 3D length of the front part changed very little as the slit spreads, and the back part stretched in a manner similar to those of the other brassieres. Subjective pressure sensation was statistically different only at the front and the side of the lower band. Brassiere B(with a silt) demonstrated the least subjective pressure sensation; the pressure sensation was high when wearing brassieres A and D (p<.05). Brassieres B and C were also preferred for overall comfort. In conclusion, it was observed that the substitution of material and morphological transformation affect subjective sensation.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.346-352
• /
• 2000

The purposes of this study are finding out thermophysiological properties throughout wearing experiment with standard cooling vest as well as providing data in order to design and apply more comfortable cooling vest. To do this study, we produced cooling vest newly. 1. Rectal temperature was ascended approximately from $37.2^{\circ}C$ to $38.05^{\circ}C$ in lab, but wearing cooling vest, the temperature was descended 0.2 while wearing developed product compare with existing product. Mean skin temperature which was showed distribution from $32.8{\sim}36.5^{\circ}C$, it was descended $1.0{\sim}1.1^{\circ}C$, while wearing cooling vest and comparing with existing product, wearing developed product was lower $0.5^{\circ}C$. 2. While wearing developed cooling vest, it was found that they had lower tendency than standard cooling vest. Specifically in case of temperature within clothing (chest) $0.2{\sim}2.0^{\circ}C$ in case of humidity within clothing 2~8%RH. Facts from above we confirmed that clothing microclimate had been improved and space was happened between body and garment in order to control. 3. In subjective sensation, standard cooling vest made negative response during experiment period from participants, but new cooling vest was nearing to comfortable area. It was con finned from above conclusions that wearing developed product is more effective in terms of comfort and reduction of heat stress in situation of working in hot environment.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제2권5호
• /
• pp.416-422
• /
• 2000

In this study, to find out the physiological reaction of the human body and the sensation of comfort when people are wearing sportswear which is made of waterproof breathable fabrics under general environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec) and rainy environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec, rainfall : 250 1/hr), we made an experiment with sportswear in an artificial climate chamber and studied the thermal physiological response and subjective sensation. Mean skin temperature of the subjects was low and had a big range of fluctuation in rainy environmental conditions of two condition. Temperature started to increase at the beginning of the exercise, reached the maximum at the 2nd level of the exercise and then started to decline. Rectal temperature showed a slighter increase and bigger range of fluctuation in general conditions than in rainy conditions. Except clothing micro climate in rainy conditions, temperature and humidity and their range of fluctuation around back were higher than those around chest. Humidity was high and had wide range of fluctuation in general conditions. Heart rate was 4.4 beats/min higher in general conditions. In subjective test on rainy conditions, the feeling of discomfort increased due to the raindrops fallen on the skin. Unlike that in general conditions, cold sensation increased and humidity sensation reached to the peak after the exercise. In wearing sportswear made of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric, controlling function over a small amount of heat and water was distinctive while it turned out to be not so comfortable over a large amount of heat and water. Through this, the limitation of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric was recognised.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.683-689
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate physiological responses such as rectal temperature, skin temperature, micro climate, sweat rate and subjective sensations using cold protective clothing with five different clo value. The clo value was measured by thermal manikin in windless condition. Healthy five 20's males volunteered as subjects for wearing trial experiment. The climate chamber was controlled at $50^{\circ}C$, 65% RH. The experiment consisted of repeated exercise and recovery periods. We found that the higher clo value has, the higher mean skin temperature, micro climate and sweat rate show. They felt warm and wet with higher insulation clothing. Thermal comfort increased in the last recovery period after exercise. There was significant difference between five cold protective clothing. In correlation analysis of clo value, it showed that correlation coefficient(r) values were more than 0.8. Therefore, in terms of clothing insulation, we found that correlation between thermal manikin experiment and wearing trial experiment was high. Clothing insulation could be variable according to many factors such as body movement, covering area, clothing gap, layering and design. Considering the body movement, we thought that insulation measurement need to carry out both thermal manikin experiment and wearing trial experiment.