• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.604-608
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• 1998

Von Recklinghausen's disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease associated with characteristic cafe-au-lait spots of skin and multiple neurofibromatosis. It is complicated by malignancies, which in most cases is neurofibrosarcoma. The development of lung cancer in von Recklinghausen's disease is rare. A 61-year-old male was admitted for cough and sputum for 20 days. He had multiple cafe-au-lait spots and subcutaneous neurofibromas in whole body area and Lisch nodules in both iris and he had been diagnosed von Recklinghausen's disease 35 years ago. Chest radiography showed emphysematous bullae in both upper lung field and mass in right upper lung field. Chest CT scan revealed subcarinal lymph node enlargement. Bronchoscopic biopsy was done in mass in superior segment of right lower lobe and the results showed squamous cell carcinoma. The presence of von Recklinghausen's disease and lung cancer are noteworthy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 2009

A Maltese was presented with a subcutaneous mass at right flank, depression and hyperthermia. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic mass with hyperechoic foci, a defect of abdominal wall and peritonitis. In cytology, fat necrosis was found. This dog was diagnosed as chronic suppurative steatitis secondary to pancreatitis and pancreatic herniation through surgery and histopathologic examination. Steatitis is recurrent inflammation and necrosis of adipose tissue. Also steatitis associated with pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis and pancreatic tumor was reported and direct fat necrosis by pancreatic enzyme was supposed as the etiology. Steatitis secondary to pancreatitis was rarely reported in dogs and there was difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. This case has a limitation that pancreatitis was not diagnosed as underlying cause to steatitis before surgery. However, a defect of abdominal wall and peritonitis were observed on ultrasonography. Good prognosis could be achieved through prompt surgery and medical treatment.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.222-224
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• 2016

Epidermal cysts are intradermal or subcutaneous cystic tumors that frequently occur in the face, scalp, neck, and body trunk. Acquired cases of epidermal cyst commonly occur as a result of various surgical operations, chronic irritation, or trauma, all of which may trigger the occurrence of the invagination of squamous epithelium. A 57-year-old man presented with a palpable mass $7cm{\times}2cm$ in size in the upper lip. The patient had a 3-year history of wearing a denture to restore missing bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors, accompanied by inflammatory findings on the buccal mucosa due to chronic lip irritation. The resected oval-shaped cyst had a size of $5.5cm{\times}3.0cm{\times}2.5cm$, and it was an encapsulated mass with a well-defined margin. The histopathology was typical of epidermal cyst. This case of a rare giant upper lip epidermal cyst in a patient wearing a denture may be of interest to clinicians.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.88-93
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• 1996

A clinical analysis was made of 42 pilomatricoma in 34 children treated, from January 1980 to August 1996 at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hanyang University. The gender ratio was 13 to 21 with female preponderance. The average age at presentation was 7 years 3 months(range 8 months to 19 years old). The time average interval from onset to excision was 9.8 months. The predilection site was neck, upper extremities, face, trunk and lower extremities in the decreasing order of frequency. The masses were less than 3cm in diameter and there was no correlation between age at presentation and size of the mass. Of the six children with multiple lesions, two presented with multiple lesions initially and four presented with second lesion metachronously after excision of the primary lesions. Two girls had cysticercosis and von Recklinghausen's disease respectively in association with a pilomatricoma. All lesions were encapsulated subcutaneous masses which were clearly distinguished from surrounding tissue, and 4 of them had pigmentation, ulceration, skin disruption and hemorrhagic changes in the overlying skin. Microscopically the mass was composed of basophilic cells and eosinophilic shadow cells. Calcification, foreign body giant cell, ossification, focal cystic, inflammatory or necrotic changes were also seen.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.500-502
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• 2009

Purpose: Cutaneous lipomatous neurofibroma is a rare variant of neurofibroma. Histologically, it includes adipose tissue. As far as we aware, only 11 cases of this variant were reported which was predominantly on head, neck and trunk, so we present a case of left pretibial area with literature review. Method: A 17 - year old female who showed a non - tender, protruding $4{\times}4{\times}2cm$ sized mass on the left pretibial area for several months. We totally excised the mass including skin and the subcutaneous fat layer. Results: Pathologic report showed cutaneous lipomatous neurofibroma which was well circumscribed and noncapsulated neoplasm present with focal fatty change. Adipose cells were entrapped in the whirls of spindle cells. There were no lipoblasts or atypical adipocytes. Conclusion: A cutaneous lipomatous neurofibroma on the lower extremity is very rare. In our patient, there were no trauma - related histopathologic changes. Therefore, focal fatty change can be a consequence of metaplasia from multipotential neural cells after migration.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.107-109
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• 2008

Purpose: Desmoplastic trichilemmoma is a rare variant of trichilemmoma. Histologically, it has a typical characteristic of trichilemmoma with epithelium of central portion and dense fibrous interstitium. There are only 4 reported cases of desmoplastic trichilemmoma arised in a nevus sebaceus, so we present a case of desmoplastic trichilemmoma arised in a nevus sebaceus with literature review.Methods: A 46-year-old female was clinically diagnosed as nevus sebaceous on left side of the forehead. Considering the facial contour, the mass was totally excised elliptically and direct closure was feasible with undermining subcutaneous layer.Results: Pathology report confirmed desmoplastic trichilemmoma developed from a nevus sebaceus and all tumor margins were negative. There were no evidences of tumor recurrence after surgical treatment.Conclusion: Desmoplastic trichilemmoma developed from a nevus sebaceus is a very rare tumor. Variant tumors can be developed from nevus sebaceus, so surgeon should be cautious in excising the mass totally and confirm the final pathology report.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.108-113
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• 1999

Clear cell sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma that occurs in tendons and aponeuroses, usually in the lower extremities in young adults. The exact histogenesis is not definitely established. We experienced a case of 58 year-old female who presented with a $3.2{\times}2.2cm$ sized mass located in the subcutaneous tissue of the left lower thigh. The mass was well-circumscribed, grayish and firm. Two small satellite nodules were also seen. Histrionically, the tumor was composed of round to fusiform cells with clear or pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and separated into compact nests or short fascicles by delicate fibrous septa. The melanin pigments and hemosiderin were seen. Tumor cells showed positive reaction for S-100 protein and HMB-45. The ultrastructural examination showed abundant mitochondria and melanosomes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of malnutrition among patients on admission to hospital, to monitor changes in their nutritional status during hospitalization, and to determine the factors which might affect changes in nutritional status. The subjects for the study were patients who were admitted to general medicine for more than one week. Patients suffering from cardiovascular. renal disease, or dehydration were excluded. Nutritional assessment of the patients was performed on admission and nutritional status was reassessed one week and two weeks after admission. The nutritional assessment tool consisted of subjective history taking and anthropometric measurements. Biochemical measurements were performed only on admission. For anthropometric assessment : patients' body weight, subcutaneous skinfolds thickness, % of body fat, body mass index, and lean body mass were measured using caliper or Bio impedance Analyzer. Factors which might influence current nutritional status, like dietary intake, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sleep disturbance, and number of days of NPO for diagnostic examinations were analyzed. The results are as follows : 1. Of the 59 patients who were studied, 61% were male and 39% female. The nutritional status of all of the 59 subjects was reassessed one week after admission, but it was only done for 22 subjects at two weeks. 2. The anthropometric measurements. including weight body mass index, lean body mass, body fat. and skin fold thickness. were all significantly decreased at one week after admission compared to the values at admission. On the other hand, two weeks after admission, only body weight and abdominal skinfolds thickness were decreased. 3. The subjects reported anorexia for an average of two days, sleep disturbance for two days, and no food intake due to diagnostic test for one day. In the second week of hospitalization, almost none of the patients complained of gastrointestinal symptoms or sleep disturbance except anorexia. Food consumption which was measured based on rice intake was 60% of the food served during the first week of hospitalization, and 66% during the second week of hospitalization. 4. There was no correlation between the subjective nutritional assessment and anthropometric assessment. 5. There was no statistical significance in anthropometric measurements among the patients with various diseases whereas sleep disturbance and no food intake due to various diagnostic test was prominent in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2010

Obesity was characterized in Korean elementary students using different obesity assessment tests on 103 overweight elementary students from three schools of Jeonbuk Province. The body mass index (BMI) and obesity index (OI) were compared, and the data using DEXA and CT were compared with the data using BIA and a tape measure. The results of this study are as follows: first, 27 students who were classified as obese by OI were classified as overweight by BMI, and 3 students who were classified as standard weight by BMI were classified as overweight by OI. Secondly, by DEXA and BIA measurements, there was 1.51% difference in body fat percentage (boys 1.66%, girls 1.17%) and the difference in body fat mass between boys and girls was 0.77 kg (boys 0.85 kg, girls 0.59 kg), but those differences in body fat percentage and mass were not statistically significant. Thirdly, the average total abdominal fat (TAF) measured by CT scans of obese children was more significantly related with subcutaneous fat (r = 0.983, P < 0.01) than visceral fat (r = 0.640, P < 0.01). Also, TAF were highest significant with waist circumference by a tape measure (r = 0.744, P < 0.01). In summary, as there are some differences of assessment results between two obesity test methods (BMI, OI), we need more definite standards to determine the degree of obesity. The BIA seems to be the most simple and effective way to measure body fat mass, whereas waist/hip ratio (WHR) using a tape measurer is considered to be the most effective method for assessing abdominal fat in elementary students.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 2012

Purpose: Basal cell adenoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon type of monomorphic adenoma. The most frequent location is parotid gland. It usually appears as a firm, mobile and slow-growing mass. Originally the term "basal cell adenoma" is described as a benign salivary gland tumor comprised of uniform appearing basaloid cells which are arranged in solid, trabecular, tubular, and membranous patterns. But the myxoid and chondroid mesenchymal like component as seen in pleomorphic adenoma is lacking in basal cell adenoma. We report a case of basal cell adenoma of parotid gland with review of the literatures. Methods: The 59-year-old female patient was referred to our department with a painless palpable mass in the left preauricular region for about 1 year. Movable and nontender subcutaneous mass was palpable. There was no evidence of cervical metastasis in computed tomography and ultrasonography. On fine needle aspiration cytology, pleomorphic adenoma was suspected. Under general anesthesia, superficial parotidectomy including tumor was performed. The biopsy result was basal cell adenoma. Results: Long-term follow-up for 54 months showed favorable result without evidence of recurrence except for temporary facial nerve weakness right after the surgery. Conclusion: Basal cell adenoma is the third most frequent benign tumor of the salivary gland, following pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor, although the incidence is low. The typical clinical feature of the basal cell adenoma is slowly growing, asymptomatic, and freely movable parotid mass. Basal cell adenoma should be also considered as a differential diagnosis of the parotid gland benign tumor.