• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 1995

The small-waterplane-area-twin-hull(SWATH) ship has been recognized as a promising high performance ship because of her superior seakeeping characteristics and large deck area for various operations compared to the conventional monohull ship. significant advances in analytical technics for the prediction of the ship motions, wave loads and structural responses, structural fatigue and its prediction, and hull vibration for ship motions, wave loads and structural responses, structural fatigue and its prediction, and hull vibration for SWATH ship have been much developed during the last twenty years. Based on these developments in technology an integrated computational procedures for prediction wave loads and structural responses can be used to get a accurate results. But the major problem of SWATH ship's structural design is the accurate prediction of structural responses by the maximum critical loads likely to be experienced during the life of SWATH. To get a easier and safer computational procedures and the analytical approach for determining the accurate structural responses, a case study has been presented through the project experienced.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2015

기존 구조물의 모델 업데이팅 기법은 주로 진동 계측을 통해 얻은 전역적 구조 응답-모달 파라미터-를 이용한다. 모달 파라미터를 이용하여 업데이트된 모델은 전역적 구조 응답을 잘 추정할 수 있지만, 부재 레벨의 안전성 평가를 위한 국부적 응답 예측에는 어려움이 있다. 구조물 내 구조 부재들의 변형률 계측을 통해 응력을 추정하고, 안전성 평가가 이루어진다. 따라서, 본 연구는 모달 파라미터 이외에 로컬 구조 부재들에 가하는 해머 가력을 통해 계측한 변형률을 추가적으로 모델 업데이팅에 이용한다. 본 연구가 제안하는 모델 업데이팅에서 목적함수는 전역적/국부적 계측 응답과 모델의 응답간의 차로 설정되며 NSGA-II를 이용하여 이를 최소화된다. 업데이트 모델에서 예측하는 변형률 응답은 철골조의 안전성 평가에 활용된다. 제안한 기법은 철골 프레임에 대한 시뮬레이션과 해머 가력 실험을 통해 검증된다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

Offshore structures are generally exposed to harsh environments such as strong tidal currents and wind loadings. Monitoring the structural soundness and integrity of offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophic collapses and to prolong their lifetime; however, it is intrinsically challenging because of the difficulties in accessing the critical structural members that are located under water for installing and repairing sensors and data acquisition systems. Virtual sensing technologies have the potential to alleviate such difficulties by estimating the unmeasured structural responses at the desired locations using other measured responses. Despite the usefulness of virtual sensing, its performance and applicability to the structural health monitoring of offshore structures have not been fully studied to date. This study investigates the use of virtual sensing of offshore structures. A Kalman filter based virtual sensing algorithm is developed to estimate responses at the location of interest. Further, this algorithm performs a multi-sensor data fusion to improve the estimation accuracy under non-stationary tidal loading. Numerical analysis and laboratory experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the virtual sensing strategy using a bottom-fixed offshore structural model. Numerical and experimental results show that the unmeasured responses can be reasonably recovered from the measured responses.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권1호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2019

To investigate the seismic performance of long-span partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge, a super long-span partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge scheme with main span of 1400m is taken as example, structural response of the bridge under E1 seismic action is investigated numerically by the multimode seismic response spectrum and time-history analysis, seismic behavior and also the effect of structural geometric nonlinearity on the seismic responses of super long-span partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges are revealed. The seismic responses are also compared to those of a fully self-anchored cable-stayed bridge with the same main span. The effects of structural parameters including the earth-anchored girder length, the girder width, the girder depth, the tower height to span ratio, the inclination of earth-anchored cables, the installation of auxiliary piers in the side spans and the connection between tower and girder on the seismic responses of partially ground-anchored cable-stayed bridges are investigated, and their reasonable values are also discussed in combination with static performance and structural stability. The results show that the horizontal seismic excitation produces significant seismic responses of the girder and tower, the seismic responses of the towers are greater than those of the girder, and thus the tower becomes the key structural member of seismic design, and more attentions should be paid to seismic design of these sections including the tower bottom, the tower and girder at the junction of tower and girder, the girder at the auxiliary piers in side spans; structural geometric nonlinearity has significant influence on the seismic responses of the bridge, and thus the nonlinear time history analysis is proposed to predict the seismic responses of super long-span partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges; as compared to the fully self-anchored cable-stayed bridge with the same main span, several stay cables in the side spans are changed to be earth-anchored, structural stiffness and natural frequency are both increased, the seismic responses of the towers and the longitudinal displacement of the girder are significantly reduced, structural seismic performance is improved, and therefore the partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge provides an ideal structural solution for super long-span cable-stayed bridges with kilometer-scale main span; under the case that the ratio of earth-anchored girder length to span is about 0.3, the wider and higher girder is employed, the tower height-to-span ratio is about 0.2, the larger inclination is set for the earth-anchored cables, 1 to 2 auxiliary piers are installed in each of the side spans and the fully floating system is employed, better overall structural performance is achieved for long-span partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제87권5호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2023

Recently, the use of smartphones for structural health monitoring in civil engineering has drawn increasing attention due to their rapid development and popularization. In this study, the structural responses and dynamic characteristics of a 421-m-tall skyscraper during the landfall of Typhoon Muifa are monitored using an iPhone 13. The measured building acceleration responses are first corrected by the resampling technique since the sampling rate of smartphone-based measurement is unstable. Then, based on the corrected building acceleration, the wind-induced responses (i.e., along-wind and across-wind responses) are investigated and the serviceability performance of the skyscraper is assessed. Next, the amplitude-dependency and time-varying structural dynamic characteristics of the monitored supertall building during Typhoon Muifa are investigated by employing the random decrement technique and Bayesian spectral density approach. Moreover, the estimated results during Muifa are further compared with those of previous studies on the monitored building to discuss its long-term time-varying structural dynamic characteristics. The paper aims to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of smartphones for structural health monitoring of high-rise buildings.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.409-424
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• 2015

Structural nonlinearity is a common phenomenon encountered in engineering structures under severe dynamic loading. It is necessary to localize and identify structural nonlinearities using structural dynamic measurements for damage detection and performance evaluation of structures. However, identification of nonlinear structural systems is a difficult task, especially when proper mathematical models for structural nonlinear behaviors are not available. In prior studies on nonparametric identification of nonlinear structures, the locations of structural nonlinearities are usually assumed known and all structural responses are measured. In this paper, an identification algorithm is proposed for locating and identifying model-free structural nonlinearities and systems using incomplete measurements of structural responses. First, equivalent linear structural systems are established and identified by the extended Kalman filter (EKF). The locations of structural nonlinearities are identified. Then, the model-free structural nonlinear restoring forces are approximated by power series polynomial models. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is utilized to identify structural nonlinear restoring forces and structural systems. Both numerical simulation examples and experimental test of a multi-story shear building with a MR damper are used to validate the proposed algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.291-304
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• 2015

Compared with the identification of linear structures, it is more challenging to conduct identification of nonlinear structure systems, especially when the locations of structural nonlinearities are not clear in structural systems. Moreover, it is highly desirable to develop methods of parametric identification using partial measurements of structural responses for practical application. To cope with these issues, an identification method is proposed in this paper for the detection and parametric identification of structural nonlinear restoring forces using only partial measurements of structural responses. First, an equivalent linear structural system is proposed for a nonlinear structure and the locations of structural nonlinearities are detected. Then, the parameters of structural nonlinear restoring forces at the locations of identified structural nonlinearities together with the linear part structural parameters are identified by the extended Kalman filter. The proposed method simplifies the identification of nonlinear structures. Numerical examples of the identification of two nonlinear multi-story shear frames and a planar nonlinear truss with different nonlinear models and locations are used to validate the proposed method.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1992년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.95-101
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• 1992

The Pseudodynamic test is a new experimental technique for simulating the earthquake response of structures or structural components in the time domain. It is especially efficient for testing structures that are too large, heavy or strong to be tested on a shaking table. But the obtained responses in the Pseudodynamic test are distorted by the experimental errors inevitably during control and measurement procedures. The studies are to investigate the effects of the experimental errors on the Pseudodynamic responses and apply a correction method to the Pseudodynamic testing algorithm. It is shown that the corrected responses using the Equivalent Energy Compensation Method are in a good correlation with the theoretical ones. Thus, the corrected Pseudodynamic responses could be reliable for evaluating the seismic performance of structural systems.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.153-178
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• 2008

Based on the empirical formulas for power spectra of generalized modal forces and local fluctuating wind forces in across-wind and torsional directions, the wind-induced lateral-torsional coupled response analysis of a representative rectangular tall building was conducted by setting various parameters such as eccentricities in centers of mass and/or rigidity and considering different torsional to lateral stiffness ratios. The eccentricity effects on the lateral-torsional coupled responses of the tall building were studied comprehensively by structural dynamic analysis. Extensive computational results indicated that the torsional responses at the geometric center of the building may be significantly affected by the eccentricities in the centers of mass and/or rigidity. Covariance responses were found to be in the same order of magnitude as the along-wind or across-wind responses in many eccentricity cases, suggesting that the lateral-torsional coupled effects on the overall wind-induced responses can not be neglected for such situations. The calculated results also demonstrated that the torsional motion contributed significantly to the total responses of rectangular tall buildings with mass and/or rigidity eccentricities. It was shown through this study that the framework presented in this paper provides a useful tool to evaluate the wind-induced lateral-torsional coupled responses of rectangular buildings, which will enable structural engineers in the preliminary design stages to assess the serviceability of tall buildings, potential structural vibration problems and the need for a detailed wind tunnel test.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.677-686
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• 2018

The structural responses are often used to identify the structural local damages. However, it is usually difficult to gain the responses of the track, as the sensors cannot be installed on the track directly. The vehicles running on a track excite track vibration and can also serve as response receivers because the vehicle dynamic response contains the vibration information of the track. A damage identification method using the vehicle responses and sensitivity analysis is proposed for the vehicle-track coupling system in this paper. Different from most damage identification methods of vehicle-track coupling system, which require the structural responses, only the vehicle responses are required in the proposed method. The local damages are identified by a sensitivity-based model updating process. In the vehicle-track coupling system, the track is modeled as a discrete point supported Euler-Bernoulli beam, and two vehicle models are proposed to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of damage identification. The measured track irregularity is considered in the calculation of vehicle dynamic responses. The measurement noises are also considered to study their effects to the damage identification results. The identified results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable to identify the local damages of the track accurately in different noise levels with only the vehicle responses.