• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.580-586
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• 2011

Low impact development (LID) technique is recently proposed as new concept to reduce surface runoff and pollutant loading with various best management practices (BMPs). In this study, LIDMOD2, which is one of the model to evaluate LID, was applied at Mohyeon developing area to evaluate the redcution of annual runoff and pollution loading, cost-reduction efficient by LID with design of structural BMPs including bioretention, wet pond, and wetland. As a simulation results, the bioretention had the highest reduction efficiency for runoff (41.43%), and 22% for T-N and 22% for BOD. Wet pont had the highest reduction efficiency for T-P as showing 25% of reduction rate. As a results of cost-reduction efficient, wet pont represented the highest cost-effective for T-N and BOD with showing 0.43 T-P kg/million won and 17.37 BOD kg/million won, respectively, and bioretention represented the highest cost-effective for T-P with showing 2.52 T-P kg/million won. LID technology could reduce effectively surface runoff and nonpoint source pollution and construct sustainable development. LIDMOD2 could be suggested as useful tool to evaluate and design LID.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

The paved areas such as parking lots and roads are stormwater intensive landuses since they are impervious and have high pollutant mass emissions from vehicular activity. Vehicle emissions include different pollutants such as heavy metals, oil and grease, particulates from sources such as fuels, brake pad wear and tire wear. Especially, the released heavy metals can be easily absorbed on the surface area of small particulate materials because of its ionic strength. Therefore, by constructing the sedimental tank in structural BMPs as a pre-treatment facility, the particles and heavy metals both can be removed from the runoff at an instant. To understand the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments from sedimentation tank, one-year study at an infiltration trench and filtration system was conducted to quantify the metal mass absorbed on sediments with various particle sizes. The structural BMPs for this study are located in Yongin City, Kyunggido. The research results show that Cu, Zn and Pb are dominant metal compounds in the sediments. Also the metal concentrations are highest at the ranges of $425-850{\mu}m$ particle sizes. The results will provide the basic physico-chemical information of sediments to treat it as solid wastes and to determine the design criteria of sedimentation tank in structural BMPs.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.638-646
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• 2014

Soil erosion from agricultural fields leads to various environmental problems weakening the capabilities of flood control and ecosystem in water bodies. Regarding these problems, Ministry of Environment of South-Korea prepared various structural and non-structural best management practices (BMPs) to control soil erosion. However, a lot of efforts are required to monitor and develop BMPs. Thus, modeling techniques have been developed and utilized for these issues. This study estimated the effectiveness of BMPs which are a vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model through the adjustment of the conservation practice factors, P factors, for Universal Soil Loss Equation which were calculated by monitoring data collected at the segment plots. Each BMP was applied to the areas with slopes ranged from 7% to 13% in the Haeanmyeon watershed. As a result of simulation, the vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel showed 55% and 59% efficiency of soil erosion reduction, respectively. Also, Vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel showed each 11.2% and 11.8% efficiency in reduction of sediment discharge. These roll type vegetation channel showed greater efficiency of soil erosion reduction and sediment discharge. Based on these results, if roll type vegetation channel is widely used in agricultural fields, reduction of soil erosion and sediment discharge of greater efficiency would be expected.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.643-653
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• 2013

In this study, trend analysis was performed by various runoff analysis method of Non-point Pollution Source(NPS) at the impervious area. The characteristics of rainfall at impervious area appeared to be influenced by rainfall strength and it appeared that first flush phenomenon occurs often if rainfall strength acts largely. It is judged that the measure is required to be prepared against that now that concentration difference of non-point pollution source appeared to be big by precedent number of days of no rainfall. As the result of calculating Decrease Rate (DR) by first flush of non-point pollution source, it is judged that it is important to prepare the measure against the pollutants about initial rain and it is necessary to calculate the capacity of non-point pollution source processing facilities regarding that now that the non-point pollution source integrated at impervious area showed the characteristics that are flowed out in high concentration by initial rain in case of non-rainfall considering the characteristics of non-point pollution source at impervious area. When taking 50% of non-point pollution source as the standard for decrease rate that was evaluated previously, it appeared as 15~60 min in case of TSS and it appeared as 30~90 min in case of organic compound, but the characteristic whose decrease rate is below 50% also appeared even till rainfall-runoff ends. Based on that, it is judged that it could be used as the reference when designing the structural BMPs facilities later.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.180-184
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• 2008

A distributed hydrologic model of an urban drainage area on Bugok drainage area in Oncheon stream was developed and combined with a optimization method to determine the optimal location and number of best management practices (BMPs) for storm water runoff reduction. This model is based on the SCS-CN method and integrated with a distributed hydrologic network model of the drainage area using system of 4,211 hydrologic response units (HRUs). Optimal location is found by locating HRU combination that leads to a maximum reduction in peak flow at the drainage outlet in this model. The results of this study indicate the optimal locations and numbers of BMPs, however, for more exact application of this model, project cost and SCS-CN reduction rate of structural facilities such infiltration trench and pervious pavement will have to be considered.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

Ihe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects the storage type of permeable concrete block paving (ST-PCBP) have on runoff reduction and infiltration increasement at Andong Maskdance Festival Square. This was accomplished using the NRCS-curve number method over the last 10 years. Two different scenarios were developed in this study for low impact development (LID) design. For the $1^{st}$ scenario, the walking path and parking lot were install using the ST-PCBP and runoff from the inline skating rink ($3,808m^2$) and lawn ($11,191m^2$) were routed to the ST-PCBP, but the rooftop runoff flowed into the storm water drainage system. For the $2^{nd}$ scenario, one of the non-structural BMPs, disconnected impervious surface (DIS), was applied so additional runoff from rooftop would enter the ST-PCBP. It was determined that ST-PCBP could significantly reduce surface runoff from the study area and increase infiltration with 71% and 88% of surface runoff reduction and 151% and 215% of infiltration increasement for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. The effect of LID in the $2^{nd}$ scenario was better than the $1^{st}$ scenario, therefore DIS in conjunction with ST-PCBP could be a more cost-effective LID application.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Effect of tillage on time of initial runoff, runoff coefficient, NPS pollution load, soil erosion and crop productivity were studied. Eight runoff plots of $5{\times}30m$ on loamy sand field that were 4 respective plots of 3 % and 8% slope were prepared. Treatment included conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT). Time of initial runoff from NT retarded between 247~261 % compared with that from CT. Under 3% slope, runoff coefficient in NT was 63.5 % lower than that in CT. The reduction under 8 % slope was 61.7 %. Differences in runoff reduction between 3% and 8% plots were not significant. NT could reduce more than 60 % of NPS pollution and between 50~85 % of sediment if compared with CT. Productivity of NT was also shown that it was not lower than that of CT. It was expected that the results could be used as a fundamental data for estimating a reduction load in Korea TMDL from a no-till BMP on loamy sand agricultural fields.