• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2016

The study presents structural integrity assessment of ductility degradation of a baffle former assembly by performing finite element analysis considering real loading conditions and stress triaxiality. Variations of fracture strain curves of type 304 austenitic stainless steel with stress triaxiality are derived based on the previous study results. Temperature distributions during normal operation such as heat-up, steady state, and cool-down are calculated via finite element temperature analysis considering gamma heating and heat convection with reactor coolant. Variations of stress and strain state during long operation period are also calculated by performing sequentially coupled temperature-stress analysis. Fracture strain is derived by using the fracture curve and the stress triaxility. Finally, variations of ductility degradation damage indicator with the fracture strain and the equivalent inelastic strain are investigated. It is found that maximum value of the ductility degradation damage index continuously increases and becomes 0.4877 at 40 EFPYs. Also, the maximum value occurs at top and middle inner parts of the baffle former assembly before and after 20 EFPYs, respectively.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1987

The stress fracture is a disease caused by and abnormal stress to the normal bone with constant, repeated pull. Early detection of stress fracture plays an important role in treatment and prevention of its complication. Bone scintigraphy was performed to evaluate 18 patients with stress fracture of the lower extremities from May, 1985 to April, 1987, in the Department of Internal Medicine of National Police Hospital. The results were as follows: 1) Seventeen of the 18 cases showed positive bone scans at the initial study performed from 1 week to S months after the onset of symtom. 2) Ten of the 18 patients had findings of stress fracture at the initial X-ray film. Two out of 8 negative case revealed positive findings in the follow-up studies. 3) The bone scans in the 2 cases taken 5 months after the onset of symton; the one showed only slightly increased radiouptake, the other showed no abnormal findings. In conclusion, bone scanning is a more sensitive indicator of early stress fracture than radiologic study. The healing phase is characterized by a gradual decline in radioactivity at the fracture site in concordance with subsidence of symptom.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.195-203
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• 1991

Correlations among body weight and sociodemographic factors, including life - style were tested as social determinants of health in a sample of 5,201 adults in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which sociodemographic variables and life-style associated health behaviors explain body weight distribution. A second aim was to explain the relation of body weight and health status to stress the importance of body weight as an early risk indicator of health status. The canonical correlation between the weight distribution(underweight and overweight) and the independent variables was 0.29, 17% of the total variance was explained. Perceived health level represented the highest contribution(canonical coefficient 0.82) to body weight. Sociodemographic factors such as sex, economic status, and life-style factors such as smoking, exercise, regular meais and sleep showed comparatively high contributions to body weight. The relevance of body weight for health status including the rate of chronic disease and the rate of medical utilization was significant. Especially, underweight was clarified as being mere important than overweight to morbidity level and medical utilization. These findings suggest that perceived body weight is an important indicator of health status and is thus a valuable variable to be considered for nursing intervention and health education related to the promotion of health.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1571-1575
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• 2007

본 연구는 당뇨병으로 인한 산화적 스트레스에 대한 함박잎새버섯분말의 효과를 밝히기 위하여 SD계 흰쥐를 STZ로 당뇨를 유발하여 간 및 신장 조직에서 조사하였다. 또한 당뇨흰쥐에 함박잎새버섯분말 1-2% 첨가하여 6주간 식이하였다. 산화적 스트레스의 지표물질인 LPO를 비롯하여 유발원 XOD 활성도를 측정하였다. 또한 이에 따른 간조직 손상 확인을 위해 혈청 ALT와 AST 활성도를 측정하였다. 특히 함박잎새버섯분말의 항산화적 효능을 위해 이들 지표물질들과 더불어 항산화체계의 중요 요소인 GSH 농도와 GST 활성도를 당뇨군, 당뇨-잎새버섯분말투여군 그리고 정상군에서 측정하였다. 당뇨군은 정상군과 비교하여 LPO 농도를 비롯하여 XOD 활성도가 유의하게 높았다. 특히 이러한 결과로 추정되는 간 조직 손상이 정상군보다 유의하게 높은 ALT 및 AST 활성도가 혈청에서 확인되었다. 그러나 당뇨-잎새버섯분말투여군에서는 LPO 농도, XOD 활성도를 비롯하여 조직손상의 지표인 ALT 및 AST 활성도가 당뇨군보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 항산화물질인 GSH 농도는 당뇨군 및 당뇨-잎새버섯분말투여군 비교에서 유의한 차이가 없었으나 GST 활성도는 당뇨-잎새버섯분말투여군이 당뇨군보다 유의하게 높았다. 따라서 당뇨유발성 산화적 스트레스에 대한 잎새버섯분말의 효능은 GSH 농도 변화보다 GST 활성도를 증가시키고 또한 산화적 스트레스의 유발원인 XOD 활성도 감소의 유도를 통해 이루어지는 것으로 추정된다. 결론적으로 당뇨는 산화적 스트레스를 증가시키며 조직손상을 유발한다. 그러나 함박잎새버섯분말은 항산화물질 및 효소계의 활성도를 증가시켜 당뇨유발-산화적 스트레스 감소를 유도하여 조직 손상을 감소시키는 것이 확인되었다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2013

Purpose: To identify work stress and job satisfaction of the emergency medical technician (EMT) and to contribute to the improvement of emergency care under the current emergency medical law. Methods: The data were collected by questionnaire from the total 849 EMTs (635 National emergency management agency (119) workers and 214 hospital workers) throughout the whole country from January 5, to March 5, 2012. Each level of indicator calculated under 100-point-scale was compared by t-test and ANOVA. Factors affecting stress and satisfaction were analyzed by Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (${\alpha}$=.05). Results: Mean level of job stress was markedly higher among 119 workers (76.9) than those in the hospital (56.6) (p<.001). Mean level of job satisfaction was higher among 119 workers (63.2) than those in the hospital (60.2) (p<.001). Conclusion: To diminish work stress and to increase job satisfaction, efforts to support the pride and to improve working condition considering the situations of the agency and to offer more education chance to keep and strengthen the specialty are needed.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2002년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.33-36
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develope a indicator for agricultural water use. Agricultural water is challenged by the increase of water use in the sectors of urbanization and industry and social pressure to use water in sustainable and environmentally sound way. The development of agricultural environment indicators is divided into 13 sectors, among which agricultural water use indicators include amount and intensity of agricultural water use, efficiency of agricultural water use, shortage or surplus of water use, water stress, etc.. Agricultural water use indicators provide basic data for sustainable and environmentally sound agricultural development, and also help policy decision makers to solve water shortage problems through water policy and water management measures by making the most of the total available water resources.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.752-757
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• 2001

To reduce stress concentration around the intersection between a spherical pressure vessel and a cylindrical nozzle under various load conditions using less material, the optimization for the distribution of reinforcement has researched. The ranked bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization(R-BESO) method is developed recently, which adds elements based on a rank, and the performance indicator which can estimate a fully stressed model. The R-BESO method can obtain the optimum design using less iteration number than iteration number of the BESO. In this paper, the optimized intersection shape is sought using R-BESO method for a flush and a protruding nozzle. The considered load cases are a radial compression, torque and shear force.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1-4
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• 2004

Need safety diagnostic indicator pointer that is objective as estimation basis to be scientific and manages systematically safety existing condition and level for city gas facilities. Safety diagnostic indicator pointer can divide by greatly two. One is management (Software) side that one that differ with mechanical (Hardware) side that handle laying stress on equipment connected with safety manages organization and management connected with safety. Weight appropriates according to specific gravity that relevant element occupies in facilities. To give so big value in particular element in grant of weight pays attention because break balance of whole guideline and should gives. Finally, efficient safety net may see effect before self-regulation inside by minimum target establishment by government and legal, systematic countermeasure establishment for this, strict law application and each business proprietor and though activity and user's active safety activity forms harmony properly.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.259-264
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• 1994

The 1986 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures introduced the resilient modulus as a definitive material property to characterize roadbed soil. Although the incorporation of resilient modulus represents a significant acvance in pavement design practice, the test procedure for resilient modulus is complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, it is necessary to develop data base of resilient modulus for the soils frequently encountered; and to develop the reliable correlations between resilient properties and parameters from simple routine tests, In this study, resilient modulus tests were performed on five cohesive soils sampled from in-service subgrades. The stress at 1 percent axial strain in unconfined compression test(su1.0%) was found as a good indicator of the resilient modulus, and unique relationship between Mg and Su1.0% was obtained. A simple chart to estimate the resilient modulus at different levels of confining stress and deviator stress was also developed.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2003

본 연구는 층층나무를 대상으로, 엽 내에서 측정한 MDA 함량을 기준으로 오존 내성 개체를 선발하고자 수행하였다. 또한 각종 오염물질에 대한 내성을 평가 하기 위해 MDA 함량을 이용하는 것이 타당한지를 검토하고자 하였다. 실험에 사용된 층층나무는 오대산(5본), 치악산(5본), 점봉산(5본), 주왕산(1본), 태백산(1본), 지리산(5본), 소리봉(5본), 속리산(4본), 소백산(4본), 계방산(4본) 등 9개 지역에서 채취한 종자를 이용하였으며, 오존 처리는 100 ppb에서 하루 8시간 씩 10주 동안 실시하였다. 오존 처리가 종료된 후, 층층나무의 수고와 MDA 함량을 측정하였고, 수고와 MDA 함량간의 관계를 분석 하였으여, 수고와 MDA 함량의 표준화 지수를 이용하여 오존에 대한 내성그룹, 중간그룹, 민감성그룹을 각각 30개체씩 선발하였다. 오존 처리된 층층나무의 수고와 MDA 함량은 가계간, 지역간 차이를 보여주었으며, MDA 함량은 수고생장과 역상관(r=-0.531, p$\leq$0.001)을 나타냈다. 개체별 수고와 MDA 함량을 기준으로 선발한 층층나무는 내성그룹과 민감성 그룹간 수고와 MDA 함량 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 따라서 MDA 함량은 오존에 대한 내성 및 민감성을 구분하는데 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.