• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.5-13
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• 2010

Objectives : Herniated lumbar intervertebral disc is common reason causing back pain. Lumbar stabilization exercise prevent back pain recurrence by strengthening lumbar muscles. Sling Exercise Therapy(SET) is a system for spinal muscle stabilization and strengthening using fixed string and mobile band. The purpose of this study is to investigate and measure the effectiveness of SET and oriental medicine for Herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods : The subjects for this study are 40 patients suffering from Herniated lumbar intervertebral disc in our clinic. They were measured and compared by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), 4 grades of recovery degree and sex, age, period of disease, disc herniation type, times of exercise. Results : In the above index, the score(VAS, 4 grades of recovery degree) improved after treatments. But they make no difference between sex, age, period of disease, disc herniation type and times of exercise. Conclusions : These results suggest that SET may be used for Herniated lumbar intervertebral disc for pain management and muscle strengthening as an essential treatment regardless of sex, age, period of disease and disc herniation type.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2008

Purpose: The isolated exercise therapy and its effect for the treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is not well known. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical effect of stretching and strengthening exercise program on the patients' muscle function and range of motion, pain and gait in the management of the early stage PTTD. Materials and Methods: From October 2006 to March 2007, 14 patients with early stage PTTD (stage I or IIa) without surgical intervention were randomly assigned into two groups and we analyzed their clinical results. All patients were female and one who have sprained the same ankle during the program and one who withdrew from the program due to her private reason were excluded. At the last, the exercise group (EG) was seven and the control group (CG) was five. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of pain, ROM, muscle power, AOFAS score and 5 minute walking test of both groups. Wilcoxon-signed rank test was used for the comparison between the pre and post exercise program in EG. Results: The pain was significantly reduced in EG compare to CG and only the dorsiflexion was significantly increased in EG in the analysis of ROM. The dorsi flexion and plantar flexion power were significantly increased in EG. Conclusion: Our 6 weeks stretching and strengthening exercise program showed noticeably improved clinical result, and therefore it is recommended as one of the useful treatment option in the management of early stage PTTD.

• Metals and materials international
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1376-1385
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• 2018

Ultrasonic melt treatment (UST) was applied to an A390 hypereutectic Al-Si alloy in a temperature range of $750-800^{\circ}C$ and its influence on the solidification structure and the consequent increase in strength was investigated. UST at such a high temperature, which is about $100^{\circ}C$ above the liquidus temperature, had little effect on the grain refinement but enhanced the homogeneity of the microstructure with the uniform distribution of constituent phases (e.g. primary Si, ${\alpha}-Al$ and intermetallics) significantly refined. With the microstructural homogeneity, quantitative analysis confirmed that UST was found to suppress the formation of Cu-bearing phases, i.e., $Q-Al_5Cu_2Mg_8Si_6$, $Al_2Cu$ phases that form in the final stage of solidification while notably increasing the average Cu contents in the matrix from 1.29 to 2.06 wt%. A tensile test exhibits an increase in the yield strength of the as-cast alloy from 185 to 208 MPa, which is mainly associated with the solute increment within the matrix. The important role of UST in the microstructure evolution during solidification is discussed and the mechanism covering the microstructure-strengthening interrelationship of the ultrasonically treated A390 alloy is proposed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2240-2250
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• 2012

This study was to identify treatment effects of the shoulder control and strengthening exercise, on the subjects with secondary shoulder impingement syndrome at postmastectomy. The subjects were patients who visited our hospital due to secondary shoulder impingement syndrome(1-2 stage) at postmastectomy and they randomly allocated to two groups: a shoulder control and strengthening group (n=10) and a conservative therapy group (n=10). Both groups received conservative therapy for 5 sessions (40 minutes per week) for 4week. The shoulder control and strengthening exercises group practiced additional motor control and strengthening exercises for 60 minutes. Values of handgrip strength, pain(visual analog scale), upper extremity circumference, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire, range of motion were compared with those of the conservative therapy group. There were significant differences in the amount of change of the range of motion and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale between the two groups (p<.05), however as a measure of handgrip strength, pain(visual analog scale), upper extremity circumference did not show a significant differences. These results suggest that a motor control and strengthening exercise program is feasible, secure and suitable for secondary shoulder impingement syndrome at postmastectomy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.221-243
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• 2003

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss may be defined as a severe loss of hearing occurring within a short space of time without any obvious cause. Its etiology is not verified yet, treatment and prognosis are uncertain. Objectives: We reviewed 6 cases of patients who hospitalized in Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center Dept. of Otolaryngology. Using the criteria of Siegel and Research Team of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan, We are to evaluate the effect of Herb medication, Acupuncture therapy, and Negative therapy. We also attempted to search effective methods of therapy of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: We treated them with Oyaksunki-san(烏藥順氣散) for softening qi-stagnation and supressing 'Wind'(順氣治風), Chungsimjihwang-tang(淸心地黃湯) for strengthening 'Heart' and 'Kidney'(補心益腎), Boikyangwi-tang(補益養胃湯) for strengthening 'Wi-qi' and 'Stomach'(補衛(胃)氣). We also used acupuncture therapy and negative therapy based on the textbook of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Results: One patient recovered completely after 5 days therapy, two patient markedly, another two patient slightly and one patient had no improvement. Conclusions: To treat sudden hearing loss, we can use Oyaksunki-san(烏藥順氣散) in the early stage of the disease. We can treat with Chungsimjihwang-tang(淸心地黃湯) and Boikyangwi-tang(補益養胃湯) in the late period of the disease, and administer Jaeumgenby-tang(滋蔭健脾湯) for suppressing tinnitus. If there is evidence of viral infection and the patient have too severe hearing loss, We can also use steroid in combination with Herb medication in the early stage of the disease. The Western medicine demonstrated that the start time of treatment had influence on recovery. If we started Oriental medical treatment within a week from the onset of sudden deafness. we will obtain the desired results. As the Western medical treatment does, Oriental medical therapy may have no effect after one month from onset of the disease.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.67-85
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• 2015

Objectives : To find appropriate constitutional therapy by understanding Hyeong and Gi from the perspective that "Gi is inner position, and Hyeong is outer position, and Yang converts to Gi, Eum makes Hyeong(氣裏形表, 陽化氣 陰成形)". Methods : 1. Defined Hyeong(形)and Gi(氣)and studied Wonhyeong(圓形) and Banghyeong(方形), the shapes that are formed as a result of Gi-movement. 2. Used 'Hyeong-Gi' concept to analyze physiological and pathological phenomena; classifies parts of the body into Sasang by extrapolating from WonBang concept; and studied Sasangchejil. 3. Based on the above 1 and 2, studied medical direction of Sasangchejil written in Hwangjenaegyeongsomun Tongcheon Results : 1. Wonhyeong is the result of Yang(陽) movement, whereas Banghyeong is the result of Eum (陰) movement. 2. Hyeong(body) can be classified into Won(圓, circle) and Bang(方, square) or more specifically into Won of Won, Bang of Won, Won of Bang, Bang of Bang. Each corresponds to Taeyang(太陽), Soyang(少陽), Taeeum(太陰), and Soeum(少陰). 3. The constitutional therapy can be formulated by refering to "Tongcheon(通天)" and by taking into consideration that each Sasang constitution has a bias toward Mok(木), Hwa(火,) Gum(金), Su(水). Conclusions : Basic treatment for round shaped people needs to be focused on a cure of Boeum(補陰) and Bojeong(補精), whereas for angular shaped people, treatment should be about Bogi(補氣) and Boyang(補陽). Treatment for Taeyangin(太陽人) should be about strengthening Ganeum(肝陰) and reducing Paeyang(肺陽) and for Soyangin(少陽人), the treatment needs to be strengthening Sineum(腎陰) and diminish Biyang(脾陽). Taeeumin(太陰人) should receive a cure that reinforces Pyeyang(肺陽) and brings Ganeum(肝陰) down, whereas Soeumin(少陰人) should have a cure that strengthens Gi and increases Yang.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.233-243
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• 2010

Purpose : This study aimed to examine the effects of sling exercise therapy on the relief of low back pain and the cross-sectional area change of lumbar muscles by CT analysis for chronic low back pain patients. Methods : Forty-one patients with diagnosis of chronic low back pain was divided sling exercise therapy group(SEG) 19 subjects and conservative physical therapy group(CPG) 22 subjects. we randomized and treated them(subjects) for 12 weeks. As using visual analogue scale(VAS), we evaluated recovery accuracy of pain, and for investigating cross-section area change of lumbar muscles for before and after treatment we used computed tomography(CT). Results : This study were summarized as follows : 1) As treatment period, in each compared testing on VAS of SEG and CPG, the both group was significantly different(p<.05). 2) Compared testing on VAS of between-subject groups(SEG and CPG) were not significantly different(p>.05). 3) At SEG of before and after treatment, in compared testing on cross-section area size of lumbar muscles, All muscles of psoas major, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae and multifidus were significantly different(p<.05). At CPG, psoas major was significantly different(p<.05). But other muscles were not significantly different(p>.05). Conclusion : From this result, both sling exercise therapy and the conservative physical therapy are effect on decrease of pain for chronic low back pain patients. but Increasing of the cross-section area being proportioned with muscular strengthening of low back muscle is noticeable difference in SEG. Therefore, sling exercise therapy have affect both decreasing of pain for chronic low back pain patients and lumbar muscles strengthening.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was conducted to find treatment of forward head posture and shoulder instability with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concept. Methods : This is literature study with books, seminar note and international course. Results : Forward head posture and shoulder instability has related each other. Forward head posture will make muscle instability, weakness and stiffness on neck and shoulder girdle. It will make pain also. Important muscle are suboccipital muscle, omohyoid muscle, sternoclaidomastoid muscle, scaleni, pectoralis minor, levator scapular and digastric. Conclusion : Treatment of the forward head posture and shoulder instability is provided. It is that treatment of stiff muscle with eccentric muscle work, muscle elongation, muscle strengthening at the structure level and at the functional level for daily activities.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was conducted to find treatment of forward head posture and shoulder instability with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concept. Methods : This is literature study with books, seminar note and international course. Results : Forward head posture and shoulder instability has related each other. Forward head posture will make muscle instability, weakness and stiffness on neck and shoulder girdle. It will make pain also. Important muscle are suboccipital muscles, omohyoid muscle, sternoclaidomastoid muscle, scaleni, pectoralis minor, levator scapular and digastric. Conclusion : Treatment of the forward head posture and shoulder instability is provided. It is that treatment of stiff muscle with eccentric muscle work, muscle elongation, muscle strengthening at the structure level and at the functional level for daily activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 1994

In order to compare mechanical properties of ausformed martensite with those of marformed martemsite in Fe-30%Ni-0.1%C alloy and to investigate their strengthening mechanisms, ausformed martensite and marformed martensite were prepared by ausforming treatment and marforming treatment respectively. The microstructures were observed and the quantities of retained austenite, hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation were examined. The strength of ausformed martensite was mainly increased because of the lattice defects inherited from austenite. The ductility of ausformed martensite was constant at the rate of 7-8% by ductile matrix formation of the retained austenite in spite of the increase in strength. The strength of marformed martensite was increased by the increment in dislocation density, the crossing of transformation twin with deformation twin and the mutual crossing of deformation twin. The ductility of mar formed martensite was slightly lower than that of ausformed martensite, but the strength of mar formed martensite was prominently higher.