• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1996

서울시의 가로수 식재유형은 1열, 2열, 3열 식재유형, 가로수 - 중앙분리대 유형, 가로수 - 관목식재유형, 자전거도로 설치유형의 6가지로 분리되었다. 가로시설물 설치 현황은 대부분 가로수와 상충되어있고 가로수 보호시설물은 규격이 작아 가로수 생육에 부적합하였으며, 그 구조상 제 기능을 발휘하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 서울지역의 가로수 생장률은 최근에 점차 감소하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 환경요인에서 토양 pH는 알칼리성 토양이었고, 토양경도는 보호판이 설치되어 있는 식재지가 보호판이 설치되어있지 않은 식재지보다 낮았으며 보호판 설치지역의 토양경도는 가로수생장에 적당하였고, 보호판 미설치지역의 토양경도는 매우 높았다. 가로수 생육환경 요소간의 상관관계 분석에서는 서울도심으로부터 거리가 멀어질수록 가로수의 활력이 좋아졌다. 생육환경개선을 위해서는 가로시설물의 설치방법개선, 생육환경개선에 적합한 보호시설물 설치, 지속적.체계적인 관리방안이 요구되었으며 가로수 식재수량 증대방안으로는 가로수 식재방법 개선과 가로수 보식이 제안되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.57-58
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• 2007

Nowadays, the government, nongovernmental organizations, and educational institutions have come up with a variety of policies and objectives which are concerned about the importance of public design in the city. The project for integrated street environment in Sung-Nam at this time has started with the purpose to make the citizens' life safer and wealthier, and the purpose to improve the image of the nation. In the process of modernization, we must realize the overlooked problem(the thoughtless development for the environment and the threatening of the identity about the disagreed value and esthetic sense.) as our problem. We have focused on the suggestion of the road facilities suitable for urbanization which coincides with the quiet city and the global standards rather than pursuing the local growth and meaning. Based on the New Governance Design, we have presented the liberal design process which actively accepts the experts in a variety of fields. With the language of design, 'high-tech, self-restraint, and growth', we have made a homogeneous urban factor which is ideal for time and space.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.407-409
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• 2017

Air pollutants of concern include traffic-related air pollution, including particulate matter in respirable coarse and fine size fractions. There are no critical studies to date into associations between knowledge, awareness, and attitudes in using proper respiratory masks and prevalence of respiratory symptoms among urban street vendors in Thailand. In this study, we estimated adverse respiratory health outcomes among street vendors, in particular young adults, in Bangkok, Thailand, using a self-report questionnaire. Street vendors, who were not currently smoking and not having known diagnosed respiratory diseases, were recruited. They were selected from selected roadsides at Chong Nonsi, Bangkok. Participants (n = 30) reported having lower respiratory (50%), upper respiratory (37%), and other symptoms (70%). Also, 53% of participants had never used respiratory personal protective equipment (PPE: masks). Among those using PPE, all used masks not proper for particulate matter. Results suggested knowledge, awareness, and attitudes concerning proper PPE use needs to be increased among street vendors in Bangkok, Thailand.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to find what architectural restoration and street-scaping conservation of early settlement in Virginia, which have processed on the style of 18th centuries. One of the settlements in Virginia was Williamsburg that located in the high land between Jamestown and Yorktown. In 1698, the capital of Virginia was moved from Jamestown for the safer environment. At that time they constructed the town like a small urban that had a straight-lined Duke Glocester Street, Georgian style buildings, and landscapes of 18th centuries. Before 1928 the village was flown into ruins, but Rector of the church, Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin, understood the value of reservation to restore the village as colonial architectural style that has an original figure. John Rockefeller Jr. has taken part in his restoration of colonial style of architecture and culture. This paper surveyed nine cases of buildings and srtreet-scape on Duke Glocester Street. Most of the buildings on the street have a proposition, balance, and equipment of Georgian architectural facade in 18th centuries. The conclusion has three points. First, the Williamsburg has been reserved as an early colonial settlement through the restoration of architecture and street-scape design. Second, main architectural style is a Georgian form that has a balance, proportion, and simplicity of facade. Also new buildings and additions of architecture have to keep 'Design Review Guideline of Colonial Williamsburg' in order to contribute the existing colonial buildings. Third, the main street-scape, Duke Glocester Street shows Georgian architecture and cultural life pattern with tradition.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 1998

Recently, improvement of the quality of urban riverscape environment has been emphasized not only by landscape architectural field but also by various professionals in planning and ecology. Regarding to this current movement, the aim of this paper is to highlight major visual elements of riverscape axis as a case study of Shinchon River in Taegu City to suggest some basic guidelines for arranging riverscape in urban area. The study was mainly based on Repertory Grid Development method which was developed in Japan. The method is consist of three steps such as decision of element landscape in study area for slide photos, selection of evaluation items for interview and obstraction of proper evaluation factors. The major findings through this study are as follows; 1) The 12 major visual elements which possibly improve riverscape, based on abstraction of proper evaluation factors, are Dunchi, surface of the water,, equipment of river, buildings near riverside, river vertical and horizontal facilities like bridge, fine view, riverbed, water plant, naturalness, water's edge line, harmony and street trees by order. 2) Total numbers of adjective which describe 12 common factors are 25, such as clean, open, stable, quiet, comfortable, friendly, bright, natural etc. In addition, Dunchi was described 337 times by various adjectives, surface of the water was 200 times and arrangement of river was 146 times which is similar result with the order of 12 influential common factors. 3) Therefore, Dunchi, surface of the water and equipment of river are three most important factors which could create better riverscape. These three factors implies us how we supply good quality of urban river environment for the urban residents.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.193-204
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to measure some physical environmental factors and to doucument students' perceptions of them. 11 middle schools in Cheju City were divided into four areas according to their locations and two schools were selected for the study. 144 thirteen-year-old students in two middle school in a overcrowded area in Cheju City-one middle school building is insulated and the other is not insulated-were taken for the questionnaire survey. The finding of the study are as follows: 1) The classrooms were not equipped with any heating equipment. The buildings are not insulated well. As a result, the room temperature was much lower(12.9-16.2℃) than comfortable indoor temperature in winter(21.5-24.5℃). The classroom were found to be colder(12.9-16.2℃) than usual pleasant indoor temperature(21.5-24.5℃) in winter. 2) The classroom were so far from the street(20m) that there was little noise from traffic. Nevertheless, the noise level was higher(62.5-66.2 dB(A), when the windows were open; 51.7-62.8dB(A), when closed than the noise tolerance level specified in the Environment Protection Laws(50.0dB(A)). 3) As for the visual environment, the location of classroom, the adequate sun exposure, and the total states of windows in classrooms influenced on the illuminance. While standard indoor illuminance is 300 Lux, the classrooms facing south had illuminance of 231 Lux, from day light: and the ones facing west, 380 Lux. 4) Students generally found other aspects of the physical environment of their classrooms unsatisfactory. Chalk dust was generated to a serious extent near the main chalkboard(0.25mg/㎥) of classrooms.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2010

최근 들어 도심지 보도 또는 아파트 단지내 도로 등에 시공되는 보도블록에 대한 소비자의 눈높이가 높아짐에 따라 과거에는 콘크리트 블록 일색이었던 보도포장 재료가 점토바닥벽돌, 천연석 또는 나무 등으로 다양화 고급화되고 있다. 그 중 특히 사람에게 친환경 친인간적인 점토바닥벽돌의 판매량은 해마다 두 자리수 이상의 성장률을 보일만큼 수요자가 다양하고 많아지고 있으나 시공 후 단시간 내에 '모서리 깨짐', '동결 파손', '휨파괴' 및 '줄눈 벌어짐' 등의 파손이 빈번하게 발생되고 있어 내구성 문제가 지적되고 있다. 점토바닥벽돌은 요업제품의 특성상 벽돌끼리 부딪힐 경우에는 쉽게 깨지는 특성을 가지고 있으며, 물을 쉽게 흡수하는 성질이 있어 동결로 인한 부피 팽창 파손에 비교적 취약할 뿐만 아니라 생산설비와 공정관리 등 생산과정의 미세한 차이에 따라 제품의 강도 또는 흡수율 등 물성에 대한 편차가 크게 발생한다. 그리하여 엄격한 품질관리 기준에 따라 생산과 시공을 하지 않을 경우, 제품에 하자가 발생하여 유지보수에 많은 비용이 소요된다. 본 연구에서는 점토바닥벽돌 포장에서 흔히 발생하는 파손 증상을 유형별로 분류하여 원인을 분석하였으며, 필요시 압축 강도 및 흡수율 시험 등을 통하여 벽돌의 생산, 시공 및 품질관리 기준 등 광범위한 부분에 걸쳐 해결방안을 제시하였다.