• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 2005

The effects of dietary Gleditschia on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n=40) were fed a diet containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 1% Gleditschia for 14 weeks and slaughtered at 110 kg average. The longissimus throracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 hr postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Samples were analyzed for fatty acid composition, ultimate pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), color ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$), drip loss and water-holding capacity. There was no significant difference of moisture and crude fat percent in between treatment and control group, and the color stability of pork loin better in all treat groups was more improved during cold storage. The change of pH was significantly increased (p<0.05) in 0.2, 0.4, 1% treatment groups compare to the control group. Water-holding capacity of pig loins was significantly higher (p<0.05) in all treat groups than in control group; 0.2% treat group was the highest in the water holding capacity followed by 0.4, 1, and 0.1% treat groups. Less drip loss of pig loin was observed with samples from Gleditschia-fed pigs except 1% treat group. Unsaturated fatty acid were tend to be decreased and saturated fatty acid were tend to be increased in Gleditschia-treated group. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was significantly higher than that of the Gleditschia-fed group (p<0.05).

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.505-530
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• 2006

For the district heating and cooling business, it is required to install energy-saving facilities using energy from waste and land fill gases such as combined heat and power(CHP). The current issues that this business faces can be summarized as below: which facilities including CHP can be economically introduced and how much of their capacities should be. Most of such issues are clearly related to the optimal plant design of the district heating and cooling business, and the prices of energy services such as heating and cooling energy, and electricity. The purpose of this study is to establish linear program model of least cost function and to practice the empirical test on a assumed district heating and cooling business area. The model could choose the optimal type of energy-producing facilities among various kinds available such as CHP's, absorption chillers, the ice-storage system, etc. CHP with the flexible heat and power ratio is also in the set of available technologies. And the model show us the optimal ration of heat producing facilities between CHP and historical heat only boiler in the service area. Some implications of this study are summarized as below. Firms may utilize this model as a tool for the analysis of their optimal size of the facilities and operation. Also, the government may refer the results to regulate resonable size of business.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.3-8
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• 2011

Recently, the demand for enterprise for service map providing and portal site services of a 3D virtual city model for public users has been expanding. Also, accuracy of the data, transfer rate and the update for the update for the lapse of time emerge are considered as more impertant factors, by providing 3D information with the web or mobile devices. With the latest technology, we have seen various 3D data through the web. With the VRML progressing actively, because it can provide a virtual display of the world and all aspects of interaction with web. It offers installation of simple plug-in without extra cost on the web. LiDAR system can obtain spatial data easily and accurately, as supprted by numerous researches and applications. However, in general, LiDAR data is obtained in the form of an irregular point cloud. So, in case of using data without converting, high processor is needed for presenting 2D forms from point data composed of 3D data and the data increase. This study expresses urban LiDAR data in 3D, 2D raster data that was applied by compressing algorithm that was used for solving the problems of large storage space and processing. For expressing 3D, algorithm that converts compressed LiDAR data into code Suited to VRML was made. Finally, urban area was expressed in 3D with expressing ground and feature separately.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.427-432
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• 2012

The article herein suggested a compound repository and a descriptive method to develop a compound knowledge process. A data target saved in a compound knowledge repository suggested in this article includes all compound knowledge meta data and digital resources, which can be divided into the three following factors according to the purpose: user roles, functional elements, and service ranges. The three factors are basic components to describe abstract models of repository. In this article, meta data of compound knowledge are defined by being classified into the two factors. A component stands for the property about a main agent, activity unit or resource that use and create knowledge, and a context presents the context in which knowledge object are included. An agent of the compound knowledge process performs classification, registration, and pattern information management of composite knowledge, and serves as data flow and processing between compound knowledge repository and user. The agent of the compound knowledge process consists of the following functions: warning to inform data search and extraction, data collection and output for data exchange in an distributed environment, storage and registration for data, request and transmission to call for physical material wanted after search of meta data. In this article, the construction of a compound knowledge repository for recommendation system to be developed can serve a role to enhance learning productivity through real-time visualization of timely knowledge by presenting well-put various contents to users in the field of industry to occur work and learning at the same time.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.70-81
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• 2020

Point-by-point data, which is abundantly collected by vehicles with embedded GPS (Global Positioning System), generate useful information. These data facilitate decisions by transportation jurisdictions, and private vendors can monitor and investigate micro-scale driver behavior, traffic flow, and roadway movements. The information is applied to develop app-based route guidance and business models. Of these, speed data play a vital role in developing key parameters and applying agent-based information and services. Nevertheless, link speed values require different levels of physical storage and fidelity, depending on both collecting and reporting intervals. Given these circumstances, this study aimed to establish an appropriate collection interval to efficiently utilize Space Mean Speed information by vehicles with embedded GPS. We conducted a comparison of Probe-vehicle data and Image-based vehicle data to understand PE(Percentage Error). According to the study results, the PE of the Probe-vehicle data showed a 95% confidence level within an 8-second interval, which was chosen as the appropriate collection interval for Probe-vehicle data. It is our hope that the developed guidelines facilitate C-ITS, and autonomous driving service providers will use more reliable Space Mean Speed data to develop better related C-ITS and autonomous driving services.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.187-193
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• 2015

The ICT healing platform sets a couple of goals including preventing chronic diseases and sending out early disease warnings based on personal information such as bio-signals and life habits. The 2-step open system(TOS) had a relay designed between the healing platform and the storage of personal health data. It also took into account a publish/subscribe(pub/sub) service based on large-scale connections to transmit(monitor) the data processing process in real time. In the early design of TOS pub/sub, however, the same buffers were allocated regardless of connection idling and type of message in order to encode connection messages into a deflate algorithm. Proposed in this study, the dynamic buffer allocation was performed as follows: the message transmission type of each connection was first put to queuing; each queue was extracted for its feature, computed, and converted into vector through tf-idf, then being entered into a k-means cluster and forming a cluster; connections categorized under a certain cluster would re-allocate the resources according to the resource table of the cluster; the centroid of each cluster would select a queuing pattern to represent the cluster in advance and present it as a resource reference table(encoding efficiency by the buffer sizes); and the proposed design would perform trade-off between the calculation resources and the network bandwidth for cluster and feature calculations to efficiently allocate the encoding buffer resources of TOS to the network connections, thus contributing to the increased tps(number of real-time data processing and monitoring connections per unit hour) of TOS.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.169-178
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• 2018

Gyeongin Port has low awareness, insufficient hinterland infrastructures, and lower competitiveness. So, in this study, we conducted Fuzzy-IPA analysis reflecting the recognition of the consignor companies that are using Gyeongin port to suggest present practical improvement measures for the activation of the operation of Gyeongin port hereafter. As a result of the analysis, three factors, that is, cargo loading/unloading/storage costs, port facility fees, and incentive and support were derived as priority investment areas. Three factors, that is, cargo safety, infrastructure equipment, and inland transportation costs were derived as the areas for maintenance strengthening and factors related to cargo handling and service factors were derived as areas for maintenance of the status quo and areas for gradual improvement, respectively. This study is significant in that it analyzed the recognition of the consignor companies that are using Gyeongin port using a quantifying method and suggested realizable measures for activation based on the results of the analysis. In future studies, the frequency of ships' calling at the port and measures to diversify the sea routes should be additionally reflected on the analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

Many researches have been carried out to reduce and/or to capture the major global warming gases. Especially, the hydrate formation mechanisms were intensively investigated for carbon dioxide sequestration and storage process applications. In this study, the characteristics of film-type crystal growth mechanism of carbon dioxide hydrate were comprehensively examined. Carbon dioxide hydrate crystal was formed in semi-batch type stir reactor at various pressure conditions while the temperature was fixed to be constant to reduce and minimize the guest gas solubility effects. A supply gas composition was 99.999 % of Carbon dioxide, the observation data was collected by optical microscope adopted CCD camera (Nikon DS-5M/Fi1/2M-U2). This study revealed that the guest gas pressure changes significantly altered the crystal growth mechanism and film growth rate of carbon dioxide hydrate crystal. The critical pressure of the carbon dioxide hydrate of crystal growth mechanism change was found to be 2.0 MPa. The capillary force and gas concentration gradient also significantly changed the film-type crystal growth mechanism of carbon dioxide hydrate crystal.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.5D
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• pp.473-481
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• 2012

Demand of Natural Gas (NG) consumption is continuously increasing by long service life and low environmental impact than other fossil fuels. Because of this reasons, Gas wells exploration and huge LNG plant construction project are being boosted world-widely. Especially, overseas NG pipe-line projects are emerging by considering safe and efficiency at the inter-country sections. At the same time, Korean contractors are being achieved to record-breaking performance at 2011's overseas construction market and 80% of new-record was attained from overseas plant construction projects. Nevertheless, Korean contractors are behind than overseas leading contractors by geographical distance from gas wells and concentrated demand for storage plant. In these reasons, this paper aims to develop the standardized business process model(BPM) for overseas NG pipe-line project at project planning phase to support the project entry. To this aim, first of all, extract the BPM through the broad literature and overseas construction market review and domestic/overseas pipe-line project analysis. Second, Test-bed was performed to confirm of practical applicability by 4 experts. And then 15 experts survey were performed to validate the usability and effectiveness of BPM for overseas NG pipe-line project. Consequently, if Korean contractors are using this BPM with their own know-how and experiences, it will be returned to more reasonable and rational references for decision making in overseas NG pipe-line project.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.773-780
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• 2011

In this study, thermal stress analysis are carried out considering material properties, curing condition, ambient temperature, and casting date of the mass concrete placed in bottom slab and side wall of the in-ground type LNG tank as a super massive structure. Also, based on the numerical results, cracking possibility is predicted and counter measures to prevent the cracking are proposed. For the tasks, two optimum mix proportions were selected. From the results of the thermal stress analysis, the through crack index of 1.2 was satisfied for separately caste concrete lots except for the bottom slab caste in 2 separate sequences. For the double caste bottom slab, it is necessary introduce counter measures such as pre-cooling prior to the site construction. Also, another crack preventive measure is to lower the initial casting temperature by $25^{\circ}C$ or less to satisfy 1.2 through crack index criterion. In the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ caste bottom slab, the surface crack index was over 1.2. Therefore, the surface cracks can be controlled by implementing the curing conditions proposed in this study. Since the side wall's surface crack index was over 1.0, it is safe to assume that the counter preventive measures can control width and number of cracks.