• 보존과학연구
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• s.24
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• pp.29-60
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• 2003

The conservation problem of stone cultural properties is widely influenced by environmental pollution nowadays as well as agingsymptoms itself. Most stone cultural properties are directly affected by air pollution such as smoke, acid-rain, etc., resulting surface separation and pulverization. In the case of Ten storied pagoda of Gyeongcheonsa, once located in the center of the Seoul, the surface shows excessive contaminant by air pollution. It is very difficult to identify chemical structure and formation system of these contaminant. Also the discoloration and stains on the surface are not pleasant to see. Through the examination of the contaminant by SEM-EDS, it is observed that the major mineral is Gypsum and many other minerals were also revealed. The contaminant layer seems to be thin and wide at the south face of pagoda and thick and narrow at the north face. This distribution pattern could provide information on the surface characteristics of pagoda. Further, the information could help to identify the relationship between geological and environmental factors and the surface patterns.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.2026-2031
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• 2009

Because the stone cultural properties located outdoors, they have been altered and deteriorated in external appearance due to environmental factors. Damage to stone cultural properties is accelerated particularly due to recent industrial development and environmental pollution. When fresh granite was dipped into the seawater, the mineral compositions(Ca, K) of the granite surface were lower then those of the fresh granite and density of the weathered granite was steadily decreased from $2.600 g/cm^3$ to $2.580-2.582 g/cm^3$. Also, absorption capacity of the weathered granite was steadily increased from 0.392% to $0.526{\sim}0.616%$. In the case of $TiO_2$ was coated to the granite, the change of density and absorption ratio of $TiO_2$ coated granite were decreased. Therefore, the $TiO_2$ coating considered to be a viable method to assist in the conservation of stone cultural properties from environmental contaminants.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.305-314
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• 2021

The Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes caused damages to many cultural properties; particularly, stone pagoda structures were significantly damaged among masonry cultural properties. To preserve these structures, it is necessary to understand their dynamic behavior characteristics under earthquakes. Analyses on such areas as deformation, frequency, maximum acceleration, permanent displacement, sliding, and rocking have to be performed. Although many analytical studies have already been conducted, dynamic behavior studies based on experiments are insufficient. Therefore, this study analyzed dynamic behavior characteristics by performing a shaking table experiment on a three-story stone pagoda structure at the Cheollongsa temple site damaged by the Gyeongju earthquake. As a result of the experiment, the displacements of stylobates did not occur significantly, but the tower body parts rotated. In particular, the rotation of the 1F main body stone was relatively larger than that of the other chief body stones because the 1F main body stone is relatively more slender than the other parts. In addition, the decorative top was identified as the component most vulnerable to sliding. This study found that the 1F main body stone is vulnerable to rocking, and the parts located on the upper part are more vulnerable to sliding.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.595-606
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the source area and petrological characteristics of rock properties from the Jeseokri stone-lined tombs located in Gimcheon by analyzing its rocks and source rocks. As a result, the Jeseokri stone-lined tombs consists in a total 11 kinds of various rock types. And aplite (34.5%), leucocratic granite (26.9%) and schistose granite (24.4%) have a large percentage of the rock's composition. By examining the possible provenances, the same rock types and the stones of a similar with metamorphic grades are discovered along the Jeseok mountain valley located to the south of tombs. These findings suggest that the rock properties of the Jeseokri stone-lined tomb were supplied from the upper Jeseok mountain valley and about 1.7km away from Jeseokri. This study could be used for the archaeogeological interpretation of funeral culture and conservation data of buried cultural properties in the age.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.115-130
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• 2009

This study was focused on digital restoration and structural stability evaluation applying 3D scanning system of five-storied Magoksa temple stone pagoda in Gongju. For these, the digital restoration of the pagoda was completed using laser scan data which is measured 16 directions and data processing program of 7 stages. As a result of digital restoration, the overall height and width of stone properties showed a little difference in directions and the width of roof stones appeared very high difference of each floor. The width of pagoda body become smaller to the fifth floor, but gradual decrease rate showed irregular characteristics. Also, as result of 3D image analysis for structural stability evaluation, the displacement occurred toward northwest in second body stone to upper final stone except for central axis of the first body stone which inclines toward southwest. Such 3D image analysis is required quantification of survey method and should be applied to various field such as quantitative damage maps in order to utilize a conservation of stone cultural heritages, continuously.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.231-241
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• 2005

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.71-77
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• 2004

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.201-215
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• 2023

In the stone-lined tombs from Cheongyang Rokpyeong-ri site, several stone-lined tombs corresponding to the Three Kingdoms Period, Unified Silla Period and Goryeo Dynasty were excavated. In this study, the stone properties of petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics from 15 stone-lined tombs were analyzed, the rock species and occupation rate were reviewed, also the provenance area was interpreted. There are five types of rocks used as members of the tombs, including black sandstone, greywacke, slate, conglomerate and gneiss. As a result of magnetic susceptibilities, the rocks of the tombs and presumed provenance are all shown in the same range, and the similarity between the tombs and the source area is high in geochemical behavior characteristics. The stone properties of the tombs are the same as the presumed provenance rocks and is distributed within a 500m around the bedrock of the tombs in the excavation site, so it seems that self-sufficiency was possible on the site without a special procurement system. These stones are interpreted to have been constructed through some trimming without any special technique, but some stone tombs have been confirmed to used homogeneous black sandstone at the bottom of the tombs, so it is believed that there were artificial selection of stones.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.15-16
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• 2007

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.20-21
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• 2007